normal incidence

简明释义

正入射

英英释义

例句

1.For accurate results, the laser beam must strike the surface at normal incidence.

为了获得准确的结果，激光束必须以法向入射的角度照射表面。

2.The data collected was only valid for normal incidence angles.

收集的数据仅对法向入射角度有效。

3.The optical sensor is designed to measure light intensity at normal incidence.

光传感器设计用于测量在法向入射下的光强度。

4.The reflection coefficient is highest when light hits the mirror at normal incidence.

当光线以法向入射的角度照射镜子时，反射系数是最高的。

5.In this experiment, we will analyze the transmission of waves at normal incidence.

在这个实验中，我们将分析波在法向入射下的传播情况。

作文

In the field of optics, the term normal incidence refers to the situation when a wave, such as light, strikes a surface at a perpendicular angle. This concept is crucial for understanding how waves interact with different materials, particularly in applications involving reflection and refraction. When light hits a surface at normal incidence, it does so at a 90-degree angle to the surface, which simplifies the mathematical calculations involved in predicting the behavior of the wave. To illustrate the importance of normal incidence, consider the example of a flat mirror. When you look into a mirror, the light from your face travels towards the mirror and strikes its surface at normal incidence. This means that the angle of incidence is equal to zero degrees. According to the law of reflection, the angle of reflection will also be zero degrees, causing the light to reflect back directly towards you. This principle ensures that you see a clear image of yourself in the mirror. On the other hand, when light strikes a surface at an angle other than normal incidence, the behavior of the light changes significantly. For instance, if light hits a glass window at an angle, some of it will be reflected while the rest will pass through, bending at the interface between air and glass. This bending of light, known as refraction, occurs because the speed of light changes as it moves from one medium to another. The angle at which the light enters the glass, compared to the normal incidence, determines how much it will bend. Understanding normal incidence is not only essential in theoretical physics but also has practical applications in various fields. For example, in the design of solar panels, engineers must consider how sunlight strikes the panels. At normal incidence, solar panels can capture the maximum amount of energy. However, as the angle of sunlight changes throughout the day, the efficiency of energy capture decreases unless the panels are adjusted to maintain normal incidence. Moreover, in telecommunications, the concept of normal incidence is vital for optimizing signal transmission. Fiber optic cables, which rely on light to transmit data, are designed to minimize loss by ensuring that light enters the fiber at or near normal incidence. Any deviation from this angle can lead to increased loss of signal strength and quality. In conclusion, the concept of normal incidence plays a fundamental role in the study of optics and has significant implications in various technological applications. By understanding how waves behave at normal incidence, scientists and engineers can develop better systems for reflection, refraction, and transmission of light. This knowledge not only enhances our understanding of physical phenomena but also drives innovation in fields ranging from renewable energy to telecommunications, ultimately improving our daily lives.

在光学领域，术语normal incidence指的是波（如光）以垂直角度撞击表面的情况。这个概念对于理解波与不同材料的相互作用至关重要，特别是在涉及反射和折射的应用中。当光以normal incidence撞击表面时，它以90度的角度进入表面，这简化了预测波行为的数学计算。 为了说明normal incidence的重要性，考虑一个平面镜子的例子。当你照镜子时，从你脸上发出的光线朝向镜子并在normal incidence下撞击其表面。这意味着入射角为零度。根据反射定律，反射角也将是零度，导致光线直接反射回你身上。这一原理确保你在镜子中看到自己清晰的影像。 另一方面，当光以不同于normal incidence的角度撞击表面时，光的行为会发生显著变化。例如，如果光线以角度撞击玻璃窗，一部分光会被反射，而其余部分则会穿透，且在空气和玻璃的界面处弯曲。光的这种弯曲称为折射，发生在光从一种介质进入另一种介质时，因为光速会发生变化。光进入玻璃的角度与normal incidence的关系决定了它会弯曲多少。 理解normal incidence不仅在理论物理中至关重要，还有许多实际应用。例如，在太阳能电池板的设计中，工程师必须考虑阳光如何照射到电池板上。在normal incidence下，太阳能电池板能够捕获最大量的能量。然而，随着一天中阳光角度的变化，除非电池板被调整以保持normal incidence，否则能量捕获的效率就会下降。 此外，在电信领域，normal incidence的概念对于优化信号传输至关重要。光纤电缆依赖光来传输数据，设计时需尽量减少损失，确保光线以或接近normal incidence的方式进入光纤。任何偏离这一角度的情况都可能导致信号强度和质量的损失增加。 总之，normal incidence的概念在光学研究中发挥着基础作用，并在各种技术应用中具有重要意义。通过理解波在normal incidence下的行为，科学家和工程师能够开发出更好的系统来进行光的反射、折射和传输。这一知识不仅增强了我们对物理现象的理解，也推动了可再生能源和电信等领域的创新，最终改善了我们的日常生活。