neutron chain reaction

简明释义

中子链式反应

英英释义

例句

1.The principle of a neutron chain reaction (中子链反应) is fundamental to the operation of nuclear reactors.

中子链反应的原理是核反应堆运行的基础。

2.A sustained neutron chain reaction (中子链反应) is necessary for a nuclear explosion.

持续的中子链反应是核爆炸所必需的。

3.The discovery of the neutron chain reaction (中子链反应) was pivotal in the development of atomic bombs.

中子链反应的发现对原子弹的发展至关重要。

4.In a nuclear reactor, control rods are used to manage the rate of the neutron chain reaction (中子链反应).

在核反应堆中，控制棒用于管理中子链反应的速率。

5.Scientists are studying how to control a neutron chain reaction (中子链反应) to ensure safety in nuclear power plants.

科学家们正在研究如何控制中子链反应，以确保核电站的安全。

作文

The concept of a neutron chain reaction is fundamental to the field of nuclear physics and plays a crucial role in both nuclear power generation and atomic bomb design. At its core, a neutron chain reaction occurs when a single neutron collides with the nucleus of an atom, causing it to become unstable and split into two smaller nuclei, a process known as nuclear fission. This splitting releases a significant amount of energy, along with additional neutrons that can then go on to induce further fission reactions in nearby nuclei. This self-sustaining process is what we refer to as a neutron chain reaction.To better understand the implications of a neutron chain reaction, we must first explore the conditions necessary for it to occur. The most common fuel used in these reactions is uranium-235 or plutonium-239, both of which are capable of sustaining a chain reaction under the right circumstances. For a neutron chain reaction to be initiated, there must be a sufficient quantity of fissile material present, known as the critical mass. If the amount of material is below this threshold, the neutrons will escape without causing further fission, and the reaction will die out.Once the critical mass is achieved, the neutron chain reaction can proceed in a controlled manner, as is the case in nuclear reactors. In these facilities, the reaction is carefully managed using control rods, which absorb excess neutrons and prevent the reaction from becoming too rapid. This allows for a steady release of energy, which can be harnessed to generate electricity. The ability to control a neutron chain reaction is what makes nuclear power a viable energy source, despite the potential dangers associated with uncontrolled reactions.On the other hand, when a neutron chain reaction occurs in an uncontrolled manner, it can lead to catastrophic consequences, such as those seen in nuclear explosions. In atomic bombs, the design is engineered to achieve a rapid, uncontrolled neutron chain reaction that results in a massive release of energy in a very short time frame. This is achieved by using a combination of conventional explosives to compress the fissile material, bringing it above the critical mass and triggering the chain reaction almost instantaneously.The study of neutron chain reactions has profound implications not only for energy production but also for understanding the fundamental forces that govern atomic interactions. Researchers continue to explore new methods of enhancing the efficiency of these reactions while minimizing the risks associated with nuclear energy. As we face global challenges related to energy consumption and climate change, the importance of mastering neutron chain reactions becomes increasingly evident.In conclusion, the neutron chain reaction is a pivotal phenomenon in nuclear science, serving as the backbone for both peaceful and destructive applications of nuclear technology. Understanding how to initiate, sustain, and control these reactions is essential for harnessing their power safely and effectively. As we advance our knowledge and technology, the potential benefits of neutron chain reactions could play a significant role in shaping the future of energy production and international security.

“中子链反应”这一概念是核物理学领域的基础，对核能发电和原子弹设计都起着至关重要的作用。简单来说，“中子链反应”发生在一个中子与原子核碰撞时，导致原子核不稳定并分裂成两个较小的原子核，这一过程称为核裂变。这种分裂释放出大量能量，并伴随释放出额外的中子，这些中子可以继续引发附近原子核的裂变反应。这个自我维持的过程就是我们所称的“中子链反应”。为了更好地理解“中子链反应”的含义，我们首先需要探讨其发生所需的条件。最常用的燃料是铀-235或钚-239，这两者都能够在适当的情况下维持链反应。要启动“中子链反应”，必须存在足够数量的可裂变材料，称为临界质量。如果材料的数量低于这一阈值，中子将会逃逸而不引发进一步的裂变，反应将会消亡。一旦达到临界质量，“中子链反应”就可以以受控的方式进行，就像在核反应堆中一样。在这些设施中，反应通过控制棒来仔细管理，控制棒吸收多余的中子，防止反应过快。这允许能量以稳定的方式释放出来，可以被用于发电。控制“中子链反应”的能力使得核能成为一种可行的能源来源，尽管与不受控制的反应相关的潜在危险依然存在。另一方面，当“中子链反应”以不受控制的方式发生时，可能会导致灾难性的后果，例如在核爆炸中所看到的情况。在原子弹中，设计旨在实现快速、不受控制的“中子链反应”，从而在极短的时间内释放出巨大的能量。这是通过使用常规炸药压缩可裂变材料来实现的，使其超过临界质量，并几乎瞬间触发链反应。对“中子链反应”的研究不仅对能源生产有深远影响，也有助于理解支配原子相互作用的基本力量。研究人员继续探索提高这些反应效率的新方法，同时最小化与核能相关的风险。随着我们面临与能源消耗和气候变化相关的全球挑战，掌握“中子链反应”的重要性变得愈加明显。总之，“中子链反应”是核科学中的一个关键现象，是和平与毁灭性应用核技术的基础。理解如何启动、维持和控制这些反应对于安全有效地利用它们的能量至关重要。随着我们知识和技术的进步，“中子链反应”的潜在好处可能在塑造未来能源生产和国际安全方面发挥重要作用。