neutron beam

简明释义

中子束

英英释义

例句

1.With the help of a neutron beam, scientists can study the magnetic properties of various substances.

借助于中子束，科学家可以研究各种物质的磁性特性。

2.Using a neutron beam, we can determine the composition of the sample without damaging it.

通过使用中子束，我们可以在不损坏样品的情况下确定其成分。

3.The researchers used a neutron beam to analyze the internal structure of the material.

研究人员使用了一个中子束来分析材料的内部结构。

4.The neutron beam experiments provided new insights into the behavior of hydrogen in metals.

这项中子束实验为氢在金属中的行为提供了新的见解。

5.The neutron beam facility is equipped with state-of-the-art technology for precise measurements.

该中子束设施配备了最先进的技术以进行精确测量。

作文

In the realm of modern physics and material science, the term neutron beam refers to a stream of neutrons that are directed towards a target material. Neutrons, being neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom, play a crucial role in various experimental techniques used to investigate the properties of matter. The generation of a neutron beam typically involves nuclear reactions, such as fission or fusion, where neutrons are emitted and subsequently collimated into a beam. This beam can then be utilized for a variety of applications, including neutron scattering experiments, which provide detailed information about the atomic and magnetic structures of materials.One of the most significant advantages of using a neutron beam in research is its ability to penetrate deep into materials without causing damage. Unlike X-rays, which can ionize atoms and potentially alter the material under investigation, neutrons interact with atomic nuclei in a way that preserves the integrity of the sample. This property makes neutron beams particularly valuable in studying complex biological systems, polymers, and other sensitive materials.In neutron scattering experiments, scientists can analyze how neutrons scatter off a sample to gain insights into its structure and dynamics. When a neutron beam strikes a sample, it may either be elastically scattered, where the neutrons retain their energy but change direction, or inelastically scattered, where they lose energy and provide information about the vibrational modes of the material. By measuring these scattering patterns, researchers can infer details about the arrangement of atoms, the distances between them, and even the motions that occur within the material over time.Moreover, the use of a neutron beam extends beyond fundamental research; it has practical applications in various industries. For instance, in the field of materials science, engineers utilize neutron diffraction techniques to study stress and strain in metals and alloys, which is essential for developing stronger and more durable materials. Additionally, in the pharmaceutical industry, neutron beams can be employed to investigate the structure of complex drug molecules, aiding in the design of more effective medications.As technology advances, the capabilities of neutron beams continue to improve. New sources of neutrons, such as spallation sources and research reactors, provide intense and focused beams that enhance the precision of measurements. Furthermore, innovations in detector technology allow for faster data acquisition and analysis, leading to more efficient experiments.In conclusion, the significance of the neutron beam in scientific research cannot be overstated. Its unique properties enable researchers to explore the microscopic world with unparalleled resolution and accuracy. From understanding fundamental physical principles to developing new materials and pharmaceuticals, neutron beams are an invaluable tool in the ongoing quest for knowledge in the sciences. As we continue to harness the power of neutrons, we open new avenues for discovery that will undoubtedly shape the future of technology and medicine.

在现代物理学和材料科学领域，术语中子束指的是一束指向目标材料的中子流。中子是存在于原子核中的中性粒子，在各种用于研究物质性质的实验技术中发挥着关键作用。中子束的生成通常涉及核反应，如裂变或聚变，其中释放出中子，并随后将其聚焦成束。这束中子可以用于多种应用，包括中子散射实验，这些实验提供了关于材料原子和磁性结构的详细信息。使用中子束进行研究的一个重要优势是其能够深入穿透材料而不造成损害。与可能使原子电离并潜在改变被研究材料的X射线不同，中子以一种保持样品完整性的方式与原子核相互作用。这一特性使得中子束在研究复杂的生物系统、聚合物和其他敏感材料方面尤其有价值。在中子散射实验中，科学家可以分析中子如何散射样品，以获取有关其结构和动态的信息。当中子束撞击样品时，它可能会发生弹性散射，即中子保持其能量但改变方向，或者发生非弹性散射，即它们失去能量并提供有关材料振动模式的信息。通过测量这些散射模式，研究人员可以推断出原子的排列、它们之间的距离，甚至材料内部随时间发生的运动。此外，中子束的使用超越了基础研究；它在各个行业中具有实际应用。例如，在材料科学领域，工程师利用中子衍射技术研究金属和合金中的应力和应变，这对于开发更强大和耐用的材料至关重要。此外，在制药行业，中子束可用于研究复杂药物分子的结构，帮助设计更有效的药物。随着技术的进步，中子束的能力不断提高。新的中子源，如溅射源和研究反应堆，提供强烈而集中的束流，提高了测量的精度。此外，探测器技术的创新允许更快的数据采集和分析，从而导致更高效的实验。总之，中子束在科学研究中的重要性不容小觑。其独特的属性使研究人员能够以前所未有的分辨率和准确性探索微观世界。从理解基本物理原理到开发新材料和药物，中子束是我们在科学知识追求中不可或缺的工具。随着我们继续利用中子的力量，我们为发现开启了新的途径，这无疑将塑造技术和医学的未来。