multipole transition

简明释义

多极跃迁

英英释义

例句

1.The multipole transition 多极跃迁 matrix elements were calculated using advanced computational methods.

使用先进的计算方法计算了多极跃迁 multipole transition 矩阵元。

2.Researchers measured the rates of multipole transitions 多极跃迁 in various isotopes to predict their behavior in nuclear reactions.

研究人员测量了不同同位素中多极跃迁 multipole transitions 的速率，以预测它们在核反应中的行为。

3.The study of multipole transitions 多极跃迁 is essential for understanding the spectral lines of atoms.

研究多极跃迁 multipole transitions 对于理解原子的光谱线至关重要。

4.In astrophysics, multipole transitions 多极跃迁 play a crucial role in the emission spectra of stars.

在天体物理学中，多极跃迁 multipole transitions 在恒星的发射光谱中起着关键作用。

5.In quantum mechanics, a multipole transition 多极跃迁 can describe the interaction of an atom with an external electromagnetic field.

在量子力学中，多极跃迁 multipole transition 可以描述原子与外部电磁场的相互作用。

作文

In the study of atomic and molecular physics, the concept of multipole transition plays a crucial role in understanding how particles interact with electromagnetic fields. A multipole transition refers to the process by which a system transitions between different energy states through the emission or absorption of radiation, involving multipole moments such as dipole, quadrupole, and higher-order moments. These transitions are fundamental in explaining various phenomena, including spectral lines in atoms, the behavior of molecules in electric and magnetic fields, and the interaction of light with matter.The simplest type of transition is the dipole transition, which occurs when an electric dipole moment changes. This is typically the most significant mechanism for photon emission and absorption at optical frequencies. However, in many cases, especially where selection rules restrict dipole transitions, higher-order multipole transitions become relevant. For instance, in certain atomic transitions that are forbidden by dipole selection rules, quadrupole transitions can occur, albeit with lower probabilities.Understanding multipole transition is essential for interpreting experimental results in spectroscopy. When scientists analyze the light emitted from atoms or molecules, they often look for specific patterns that correspond to these transitions. Each element has a unique set of energy levels, and the transitions between these levels give rise to distinct spectral lines. By studying these lines, researchers can deduce information about the structure of atoms and the nature of their interactions.Moreover, multipole transition processes are not limited to just atomic systems; they also play a vital role in nuclear physics. In nuclear reactions, the transition between different nuclear states can also be described using multipole expansions. The understanding of these transitions helps physicists explore the stability of nuclei and the mechanisms of radioactive decay.In addition to their theoretical significance, multipole transition concepts have practical applications in various technologies. For example, they are essential in the design of lasers, where controlled transitions between energy levels produce coherent light. Similarly, in the field of quantum computing, understanding these transitions is crucial for manipulating qubits, the fundamental units of quantum information.Furthermore, advancements in experimental techniques have allowed scientists to probe multipole transition processes with greater precision. Techniques such as laser cooling and trapping enable researchers to observe these transitions under highly controlled conditions, leading to new discoveries in both fundamental physics and applied sciences. For instance, studies of ultracold atoms have revealed unexpected behaviors related to multipole transitions, challenging existing theories and prompting further investigation.In conclusion, the concept of multipole transition is integral to our understanding of physical interactions at the atomic and nuclear levels. It encompasses a wide range of phenomena, from the emission of light in atomic systems to the stability of nuclei. As research continues to delve deeper into this area, we can expect to uncover even more intricate details about the nature of matter and the forces that govern it. The implications of these transitions extend beyond theoretical physics, influencing technologies that shape our modern world, making the study of multipole transition not only fascinating but also immensely valuable for future advancements in science and technology.

在原子和分子物理学的研究中，多极跃迁的概念在理解粒子如何与电磁场相互作用方面起着至关重要的作用。多极跃迁指的是一个系统通过发射或吸收辐射而在不同能量状态之间过渡的过程，涉及多极矩，例如偶极、四极以及更高阶的矩。这些跃迁在解释各种现象中是基础性的，包括原子的光谱线、分子在电场和磁场中的行为，以及光与物质的相互作用。最简单的跃迁类型是偶极跃迁，当电偶极矩发生变化时会发生这种跃迁。这通常是光子在光学频率下发射和吸收的最重要机制。然而，在许多情况下，特别是当选择规则限制偶极跃迁时，更高阶的多极跃迁变得相关。例如，在某些由于偶极选择规则被禁止的原子跃迁中，四极跃迁可能会发生，尽管概率较低。理解多极跃迁对于解释光谱学中的实验结果至关重要。当科学家分析从原子或分子发出的光时，他们通常会寻找与这些跃迁相对应的特定模式。每种元素都有一组独特的能级，而这些能级之间的跃迁产生了不同的光谱线。通过研究这些光谱线，研究人员可以推断出关于原子结构和它们相互作用性质的信息。此外，多极跃迁过程不仅限于原子系统；它们在核物理学中也发挥着重要作用。在核反应中，不同核态之间的跃迁也可以使用多极展开来描述。对这些跃迁的理解帮助物理学家探索核的稳定性以及放射性衰变的机制。除了理论意义外，多极跃迁的概念在各种技术中也有实际应用。例如，它们在激光的设计中至关重要，通过控制能级之间的跃迁产生相干光。类似地，在量子计算领域，理解这些跃迁对操控量子比特（量子信息的基本单元）至关重要。此外，实验技术的进步使科学家能够以更高的精度探测多极跃迁过程。激光冷却和捕获等技术使研究人员能够在高度受控的条件下观察这些跃迁，从而导致在基础物理和应用科学方面的新发现。例如，超冷原子的研究揭示了与多极跃迁相关的意想不到的行为，挑战了现有理论并促使进一步调查。总之，多极跃迁的概念是我们理解原子和核层面物理相互作用的核心。它涵盖了一系列广泛的现象，从原子系统中光的发射到核的稳定性。随着研究继续深入这一领域，我们可以期待揭示出有关物质性质和支配其力量的更复杂细节。这些跃迁的影响超越了理论物理，影响着塑造我们现代世界的技术，使得对多极跃迁的研究不仅令人着迷，而且对未来科学和技术的进步具有巨大价值。