metastable state

简明释义

亚稳状态

英英释义

例句

1.The metastable state 亚稳态 of the material allows it to hold energy longer than expected.

材料的亚稳态 metastable state使其能够比预期更长时间地保持能量。

2.In chemical reactions, intermediates may reside in a metastable state 亚稳态 before transforming into products.

在化学反应中，中间体可能在转化为产物之前处于亚稳态 metastable state。

3.In the study of phase transitions, a liquid can exist in a metastable state 亚稳态 before crystallizing into a solid.

在相变研究中，液体可以在结晶成固体之前存在于一个亚稳态 metastable state。

4.In quantum mechanics, particles can exist in a metastable state 亚稳态 for extended periods before decaying.

在量子力学中，粒子可以在衰变之前长时间存在于亚稳态 metastable state。

5.Understanding the metastable state 亚稳态 is crucial for developing new materials with unique properties.

理解亚稳态 metastable state对开发具有独特性质的新材料至关重要。

作文

In the realm of physics and chemistry, the concept of a metastable state is both fascinating and crucial for understanding various phenomena. A metastable state refers to a condition that is stable under small perturbations but can transition to a more stable state when subjected to a significant change or disturbance. This idea can be illustrated with several examples, including the behavior of certain materials, chemical reactions, and even biological systems.To begin with, let’s consider a simple example from everyday life: supercooled water. When water is cooled below its freezing point, it can remain in a liquid state without turning into ice. This liquid water is in a metastable state because it is stable until a seed crystal of ice is introduced or some disturbance occurs, prompting it to freeze. The water’s ability to exist in this metastable state showcases how systems can remain stable in non-equilibrium conditions, which is a key aspect of thermodynamics.In the field of chemistry, the metastable state plays a significant role in reaction kinetics. For instance, during a chemical reaction, reactants may form an intermediate compound that is not the final product. This intermediate can be considered a metastable state because it may persist for a time but will eventually convert into the more stable final product if given enough time or energy. Understanding these metastable states is essential for chemists aiming to control reaction pathways and optimize yields.Moreover, in materials science, the metastable state is critical for the development of new materials with unique properties. Certain alloys can exist in a metastable state where their microstructure is not fully relaxed, leading to enhanced strength or other desirable characteristics. Researchers often exploit these metastable states to create materials that perform better than their equilibrium counterparts. For example, the use of metastable states in steel production has led to the creation of high-strength steels that are used in construction and automotive applications.Additionally, biological systems also exhibit metastable states. Proteins, for instance, can fold into various configurations, some of which are metastable states. These configurations may have specific functions in cellular processes, but they can also misfold, leading to diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Understanding the metastable states of proteins can provide insights into their function and the mechanisms of these diseases, opening avenues for therapeutic interventions.In conclusion, the concept of a metastable state serves as a bridge between stability and instability in various scientific fields. Whether it is in the context of physical systems, chemical reactions, material properties, or biological functions, metastable states highlight the complexity and dynamism of nature. By studying these states, scientists can gain deeper insights into the underlying principles that govern different phenomena, ultimately leading to advancements in technology and medicine. Therefore, the exploration of metastable states is not merely an academic exercise; it is a vital component of modern science that continues to shape our understanding of the world around us.

在物理和化学领域，亚稳态的概念既引人入胜又对理解各种现象至关重要。亚稳态是指在小扰动下稳定，但在受到显著变化或干扰时可以转变为更稳定状态的条件。这个概念可以通过多个例子来说明，包括某些材料的行为、化学反应甚至生物系统。首先，让我们考虑一个来自日常生活的简单例子：过冷水。当水被冷却到低于其冰点时，它可以在不结冰的情况下保持液态。这种液态水处于亚稳态，因为它在没有引入冰晶或发生某些干扰的情况下保持稳定。水能够存在于这种亚稳态中，展示了系统如何在非平衡条件下保持稳定，这是热力学的一个关键方面。在化学领域，亚稳态在反应动力学中发挥着重要作用。例如，在化学反应过程中，反应物可能形成一个中间化合物，该化合物不是最终产品。这个中间体可以被视为亚稳态，因为它可能会持续一段时间，但如果给予足够的时间或能量，它最终会转化为更稳定的最终产品。理解这些亚稳态对于化学家控制反应途径和优化产量至关重要。此外，在材料科学中，亚稳态对新材料的开发至关重要。某些合金可以存在于亚稳态中，其微观结构尚未完全放松，从而导致增强的强度或其他理想特性。研究人员通常利用这些亚稳态创造出性能优于其平衡对应物的材料。例如，亚稳态在钢铁生产中的应用，导致了高强度钢的产生，这些钢材用于建筑和汽车应用。此外，生物系统也表现出亚稳态。例如，蛋白质可以折叠成多种构型，其中一些是亚稳态。这些构型可能在细胞过程中具有特定功能，但它们也可能错误折叠，导致阿尔茨海默病等疾病。理解蛋白质的亚稳态可以提供对其功能及这些疾病机制的深入见解，从而开辟治疗干预的新途径。总之，亚稳态的概念在各个科学领域之间架起了一座桥梁，连接了稳定与不稳定。无论是在物理系统、化学反应、材料特性还是生物功能的背景下，亚稳态突显了自然的复杂性和动态性。通过研究这些状态，科学家可以深入了解不同现象背后的基本原理，最终促进技术和医学的进步。因此，探索亚稳态不仅仅是一项学术活动；它是现代科学的重要组成部分，继续塑造我们对周围世界的理解。