kirchhoff's radiation law

简明释义

基尔霍夫辐射定律

英英释义

例句

1.In thermodynamics, Kirchhoff's radiation law helps us understand thermal equilibrium.

在热力学中，基尔霍夫辐射定律帮助我们理解热平衡。

2.The concept of emissivity is derived from Kirchhoff's radiation law.

基尔霍夫辐射定律派生出了发射率的概念。

3.Engineers often refer to Kirchhoff's radiation law when designing thermal systems.

工程师在设计热系统时常常参考基尔霍夫辐射定律。

4.According to Kirchhoff's radiation law, a perfect black body absorbs all incident radiation.

根据基尔霍夫辐射定律，一个完美的黑体吸收所有入射辐射。

5.A good example of Kirchhoff's radiation law in action is the behavior of stars.

一个关于基尔霍夫辐射定律实际应用的好例子是恒星的行为。

作文

One of the fundamental principles in the study of thermal radiation is Kirchhoff's radiation law. This law plays a crucial role in understanding how objects emit and absorb radiation. In essence, Kirchhoff's radiation law states that for a body in thermal equilibrium, the ratio of the emissive power of a body to its absorptive power is constant at a given temperature and wavelength. This means that a good emitter of radiation is also a good absorber. The implications of this law are profound, as they bridge the gap between thermodynamics and electromagnetic theory.To delve deeper into the significance of Kirchhoff's radiation law, we must first understand the concept of thermal equilibrium. When an object is in thermal equilibrium, it means that it has reached a state where its temperature remains constant because it is neither gaining nor losing heat. In this state, the energy emitted by the object equals the energy absorbed from its surroundings. The law suggests that the efficiency of an object to emit radiation (emissive power) is directly related to its ability to absorb radiation (absorptive power). This relationship is critical in various fields, including physics, engineering, and even environmental science.Consider the example of a black body, which is an idealized physical object that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. According to Kirchhoff's radiation law, a black body is the perfect emitter of radiation at any given temperature. This means that it emits radiation more efficiently than any other material. The concept of a black body is essential in the derivation of Planck's Law, which describes the spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.The importance of Kirchhoff's radiation law extends beyond theoretical physics; it has practical applications in various technologies. For instance, in designing thermal insulation systems, engineers often consider the emissive and absorptive properties of materials to optimize energy efficiency. Additionally, in the field of astronomy, scientists use this law to analyze the radiation emitted by stars and other celestial bodies, allowing them to infer temperature and composition based on observed spectral data.Moreover, Kirchhoff's radiation law is foundational in the development of climate models. Understanding how different surfaces absorb and emit radiation helps scientists predict temperature changes in the atmosphere and the Earth's surface. This knowledge is vital for addressing climate change and developing strategies to mitigate its effects.In conclusion, Kirchhoff's radiation law is a cornerstone of thermal radiation theory, linking the concepts of emission and absorption in a profound way. Its implications reach far and wide, influencing not only theoretical research but also practical applications across various fields. As we continue to explore the nature of radiation and its interaction with matter, the principles laid out by Kirchhoff remain ever relevant, guiding our understanding of the physical world around us.

基尔霍夫辐射定律是热辐射研究中的基本原理之一。该定律在理解物体如何发射和吸收辐射方面起着至关重要的作用。简而言之，基尔霍夫辐射定律指出，对于处于热平衡状态的物体，其发射功率与吸收功率的比值在给定温度和波长下是恒定的。这意味着一个良好的辐射发射体也是一个良好的辐射吸收体。这一定律的意义深远，因为它架起了热力学与电磁理论之间的桥梁。要深入了解基尔霍夫辐射定律的重要性，我们首先必须理解热平衡的概念。当一个物体处于热平衡状态时，意味着它已经达到一种温度保持不变的状态，因为它既没有获得也没有失去热量。在这种状态下，物体发出的能量等于从周围环境吸收的能量。该定律表明，一个物体的辐射发射效率（发射功率）与其吸收辐射的能力（吸收功率）直接相关。这种关系在物理学、工程学甚至环境科学等多个领域中都是至关重要的。考虑黑体的例子，黑体是一个理想化的物理对象，它吸收所有入射的电磁辐射，无论频率或入射角度如何。根据基尔霍夫辐射定律，黑体是任何给定温度下辐射的完美发射体。这意味着它比任何其他材料更有效地发射辐射。黑体的概念在普朗克定律的推导中至关重要，普朗克定律描述了处于热平衡状态的黑体发出的电磁辐射的光谱密度。基尔霍夫辐射定律的重要性不仅限于理论物理；它在各种技术中的实际应用也颇为广泛。例如，在设计热绝缘系统时，工程师通常考虑材料的发射和吸收特性，以优化能源效率。此外，在天文学领域，科学家利用该定律分析恒星和其他天体发出的辐射，从而根据观测到的光谱数据推断其温度和成分。此外，基尔霍夫辐射定律在气候模型的发展中也是基础性的。理解不同表面如何吸收和发射辐射有助于科学家预测大气和地球表面的温度变化。这些知识对于应对气候变化以及制定减轻其影响的策略至关重要。总之，基尔霍夫辐射定律是热辐射理论的基石，以深刻的方式将发射和吸收的概念联系起来。其影响广泛，影响着理论研究和各个领域的实际应用。随着我们继续探索辐射的性质及其与物质的相互作用，基尔霍夫所提出的原则始终具有重要的现实意义，指导着我们对周围物理世界的理解。