isotopic mass

简明释义

同位素质量

英英释义

例句

1.In nuclear chemistry, the isotopic mass helps in identifying isotopes of an element.

在核化学中，同位素质量有助于识别元素的同位素。

2.Understanding the isotopic mass of different elements is crucial for accurate mass spectrometry results.

理解不同元素的同位素质量对获得准确的质谱结果至关重要。

3.The isotopic mass of oxygen-18 is used in climate studies to analyze historical temperature changes.

氧-18的同位素质量用于气候研究，以分析历史温度变化。

4.The scientist measured the isotopic mass of carbon-14 to determine the age of the ancient artifact.

科学家测量了碳-14的同位素质量以确定古代文物的年龄。

5.Researchers often compare the isotopic mass of stable and unstable isotopes to study their properties.

研究人员通常比较稳定和不稳定同位素的同位素质量以研究它们的特性。

作文

Understanding the concept of isotopic mass is crucial for many fields of science, particularly in chemistry and physics. Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element that have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons. This difference in neutron count results in different atomic masses for each isotope of an element. The isotopic mass refers to the mass of a specific isotope of an element, measured in atomic mass units (amu). It is important to note that the isotopic mass is not the same as the atomic mass of an element found on the periodic table, which represents a weighted average of all the isotopes of that element based on their natural abundance.For example, consider carbon, which has two stable isotopes: carbon-12 and carbon-13. The isotopic mass of carbon-12 is exactly 12 amu, while carbon-13 has an isotopic mass of approximately 13.00335 amu. These values are essential in various applications, including radiocarbon dating, where scientists measure the ratio of carbon-14 (a radioactive isotope of carbon) to carbon-12 in organic materials to determine their age.In nuclear physics, understanding isotopic mass is vital for comprehending nuclear reactions and stability. Different isotopes can exhibit varying levels of stability; some are stable, while others are radioactive and decay over time. The isotopic mass plays a role in predicting how these isotopes will behave during nuclear reactions, which is critical in fields like nuclear energy and medicine.Moreover, the concept of isotopic mass extends beyond just individual elements. In complex molecules, the presence of different isotopes can affect the physical and chemical properties of the substance. For instance, in mass spectrometry, scientists can analyze the isotopic mass of compounds to determine their structure and composition. This technique is widely used in biochemistry and environmental science to trace sources of pollutants or to study metabolic pathways in organisms.The significance of isotopic mass also manifests in its application in geology. Isotope geochemistry utilizes the principles of isotopic mass to understand geological processes and the history of the Earth. By examining the isotopic mass ratios of certain elements in rocks and minerals, geologists can infer information about the conditions under which those materials formed, providing insights into Earth's past climate and tectonic activity.In conclusion, the understanding of isotopic mass is fundamental across various scientific disciplines. It provides essential insights into the nature of atomic structure, the behavior of elements in different environments, and the history of our planet. As technology advances, the applications of isotopic mass continue to expand, highlighting its importance in both theoretical research and practical applications. Therefore, grasping the concept of isotopic mass not only enhances our knowledge of chemistry and physics but also enriches our understanding of the world around us.

理解同位素质量的概念对于科学的许多领域，特别是化学和物理学至关重要。 同位素是特定化学元素的变体，它们具有相同数量的质子，但中子数量不同。 中子数量的差异导致每种元素的同位素具有不同的原子质量。 同位素质量指的是特定同位素的质量，以原子质量单位（amu）为单位进行测量。 需要注意的是，同位素质量与周期表上找到的元素的原子质量不同，后者代表该元素所有同位素的加权平均值，基于它们的自然丰度。例如，考虑碳，它有两个稳定的同位素：碳-12和碳-13。 碳-12的同位素质量恰好为12 amu，而碳-13的同位素质量约为13.00335 amu。 这些数值在各种应用中至关重要，包括放射性碳定年法，科学家通过测量有机材料中碳-14（碳的一种放射性同位素）与碳-12的比率来确定其年龄。在核物理学中，理解同位素质量对于理解核反应和稳定性至关重要。 不同的同位素可能表现出不同的稳定性； 有些是稳定的，而其他则是放射性的，并会随时间衰变。 同位素质量在预测这些同位素在核反应中的行为时发挥着作用，这在核能和医学等领域至关重要。此外，同位素质量的概念不仅限于单一元素。 在复杂分子中，不同同位素的存在可能影响物质的物理和化学性质。 例如，在质谱分析中，科学家可以分析化合物的同位素质量以确定其结构和成分。 这一技术在生物化学和环境科学中广泛应用，用于追踪污染源或研究生物体的新陈代谢途径。同位素质量的重要性还体现在其在地质学中的应用上。 同位素地球化学利用同位素质量的原理来理解地质过程和地球的历史。 通过检查岩石和矿物中某些元素的同位素质量比率，地质学家可以推断出这些材料形成时的条件，从而提供有关地球过去气候和构造活动的见解。总之，理解同位素质量在各个科学学科中都是基础。 它为原子结构的性质、元素在不同环境中的行为以及我们星球的历史提供了重要的见解。 随着技术的进步，同位素质量的应用继续扩展，突显其在理论研究和实际应用中的重要性。 因此，掌握同位素质量的概念不仅增强了我们对化学和物理的理解，还丰富了我们对周围世界的认识。