disconfirmation

简明释义

英[/ˌdɪsˌkɒnfərˈmeɪʃən/]美[/ˌdɪsˌkɒnfərˈmeɪʃən/]

n. 不确认；失验

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Eastman had the higher degree of disconfirmation.

伊斯曼有更高程度的整合。

2.The disconfirmation scale drastically reduces the asymmetry in the perceived measured service.

失验规模的大幅降低了不对称的知觉测量服务。

3.Incorporates the disconfirmation theory which takes both expectations and perceptions into account.

整合了失验理论，考虑到双方的期望和看法。

4.The third type of feedback is disconfirmation, which occurs when others fail to respond to your notion of self by responding neutrally.

第三种类型的反馈是不确定，当其他人没有通过中立的答复来回应你的自我认知时，就会发生这种情况。

5.Incorporates the disconfirmation theory which takes both expectations and perceptions into account.

整合了失验理论，考虑到双方的期望和看法。

6.Three types of feedback from others are indicative of how they see us: confirmation, rejection, and disconfirmation.

来自他人的三种反馈反映了他们对于我们的看法：认可、拒绝和不认可。

7.Her findings provided a clear disconfirmation 反驳 of the previous research conclusions.

她的研究结果清晰地提供了对之前研究结论的disconfirmation 反驳。

8.The scientist faced a significant disconfirmation 反驳 of his hypothesis after the latest round of experiments.

在最新一轮实验后，这位科学家面临了他假设的重大disconfirmation 反驳。

9.In therapy, clients may experience disconfirmation 反驳 of their negative beliefs about themselves.

在治疗中，客户可能会经历对他们负面自我认知的disconfirmation 反驳。

10.In discussions, disconfirmation 反驳 of commonly held beliefs can lead to deeper understanding.

在讨论中，对普遍信念的disconfirmation 反驳可以导致更深刻的理解。

11.The market showed disconfirmation 反驳 of the analyst's predictions when stock prices dropped unexpectedly.

当股价意外下跌时，市场显示出对分析师预测的disconfirmation 反驳。

作文

In the realm of psychology and cognitive science, the concept of disconfirmation plays a crucial role in understanding how individuals process information and adapt their beliefs. Disconfirmation refers to the process through which evidence contradicts or challenges an existing belief or hypothesis. This phenomenon can lead to significant changes in a person's mindset and can be seen in various aspects of life, including science, religion, and personal relationships.To illustrate the importance of disconfirmation, consider a scientist who has developed a theory based on certain observations. As new data emerges that contradicts this theory, the scientist faces a choice: to accept the disconfirmation and revise the theory or to dismiss the new evidence in favor of maintaining the original belief. This scenario highlights the critical nature of disconfirmation in the scientific method, where hypotheses must be tested and validated against empirical evidence.In everyday life, disconfirmation can manifest in our interactions with others. For instance, when someone holds a strong opinion about a political issue and is presented with facts that challenge that viewpoint, they may experience cognitive dissonance—a psychological discomfort stemming from holding conflicting beliefs. The ability to accept disconfirmation and adjust one’s perspective is essential for personal growth and learning. It requires humility and a willingness to confront uncomfortable truths.Moreover, the impact of disconfirmation extends to social dynamics. In group settings, individuals often reinforce each other's beliefs, creating echo chambers that shield them from contradictory information. When faced with disconfirmation, group members might react defensively, leading to conflict or division. On the other hand, groups that embrace disconfirmation and encourage open dialogue are more likely to foster innovation and resilience.In the context of religion, disconfirmation can be particularly challenging. Many individuals find comfort and identity in their faith, and when confronted with evidence that contradicts their beliefs, it can lead to a crisis of faith. However, those who are able to navigate this disconfirmation may emerge with a deeper understanding of their beliefs and a more nuanced perspective on spirituality.Ultimately, the ability to engage with disconfirmation is a vital skill in today’s information-rich society. With the rise of misinformation and polarized viewpoints, it is more important than ever to cultivate critical thinking and openness to new ideas. Embracing disconfirmation can lead to better decision-making, more meaningful relationships, and a greater capacity for empathy.In conclusion, disconfirmation is not merely a challenge to be avoided; it is an opportunity for growth and understanding. By recognizing the value of disconfirmation in our lives, we can learn to navigate the complexities of belief and knowledge with grace and insight. Whether in science, personal beliefs, or social interactions, embracing disconfirmation can enrich our experiences and broaden our horizons.

在心理学和认知科学领域，disconfirmation（反证）这一概念在理解个体如何处理信息和调整信念方面起着至关重要的作用。disconfirmation指的是证据与现有信念或假设相矛盾或挑战的过程。这一现象可以导致个人心态的重大变化，并且在生活的各个方面都可以看到，包括科学、宗教和人际关系。为了说明disconfirmation的重要性，考虑一个科学家开发了基于某些观察结果的理论。当新数据出现并与该理论相矛盾时，科学家面临选择：接受disconfirmation并修正理论，还是为了维护原有信念而否定新证据。这种情境突显了在科学方法中disconfirmation的关键性质，即假设必须经过实证证据的测试和验证。在日常生活中，disconfirmation可能会在我们与他人的互动中表现出来。例如，当某人对某一政治问题持有强烈观点，并且被呈现出挑战该观点的事实时，他们可能会经历认知失调——一种源于持有冲突信念而产生的心理不适。接受disconfirmation并调整自己的观点的能力是个人成长和学习的关键。这需要谦逊和面对不舒服真相的意愿。此外，disconfirmation的影响扩展到社会动态。在群体环境中，个体往往彼此强化信念，形成保护他们免受矛盾信息影响的回音室。当面临disconfirmation时，群体成员可能会采取防御性反应，导致冲突或分裂。另一方面，那些拥抱disconfirmation并鼓励开放对话的群体更有可能促进创新和韧性。在宗教背景下，disconfirmation可能尤其具有挑战性。许多人在信仰中找到安慰和身份，当面对与其信念相矛盾的证据时，可能会经历信仰危机。然而，那些能够驾驭这种disconfirmation的人可能会对自己的信仰有更深刻的理解，并对精神世界有更细致的看法。最终，在当今信息丰富的社会中，参与disconfirmation的能力是一项重要技能。随着错误信息和极化观点的增加，培养批判性思维和对新思想的开放性比以往任何时候都更为重要。拥抱disconfirmation可以导致更好的决策、更有意义的人际关系和更大的同理心。总之，disconfirmation不仅仅是需要避免的挑战；它是成长和理解的机会。通过认识到disconfirmation在我们生活中的价值，我们可以学会优雅而深入地驾驭信念和知识的复杂性。无论是在科学、个人信仰还是社会互动中，拥抱disconfirmation都可以丰富我们的经历，拓宽我们的视野。