hydrogenous moderator

简明释义

含氢慢化剂

英英释义

例句

1.Researchers are exploring new materials to enhance the performance of hydrogenous moderators in advanced reactors.

研究人员正在探索新材料，以增强先进反应堆中氢质子减速剂的性能。

2.The efficiency of the reactor can be significantly improved by optimizing the use of a hydrogenous moderator.

通过优化使用氢质子减速剂，可以显著提高反应堆的效率。

3.In some designs, heavy water serves as a hydrogenous moderator due to its high neutron economy.

在某些设计中，重水作为氢质子减速剂，因为它具有较高的中子经济性。

4.A hydrogenous moderator helps maintain the criticality of the nuclear chain reaction.

氢质子减速剂有助于维持核链反应的临界性。

5.In nuclear reactors, a hydrogenous moderator is often used to slow down neutrons for better fission reactions.

在核反应堆中，氢质子减速剂通常用于减慢中子，以促进更好的裂变反应。

作文

In the field of nuclear engineering, various materials are utilized to control and moderate the reactions occurring within a nuclear reactor. One such essential component is the hydrogenous moderator, which plays a crucial role in the process of neutron moderation. A hydrogenous moderator is a type of moderator that uses hydrogen atoms to slow down fast neutrons produced during nuclear fission. This slowing down, or moderation, is vital because it increases the likelihood of these neutrons being captured by fissile materials, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, thereby sustaining the chain reaction necessary for energy production.The primary advantage of using a hydrogenous moderator lies in its efficiency. Hydrogen, being the lightest element, is particularly effective at reducing the kinetic energy of fast neutrons. When a fast neutron collides with a hydrogen atom, it transfers a significant portion of its energy to the hydrogen atom, resulting in a slower neutron that can then interact more effectively with the fuel. This property makes hydrogenous materials, such as water and certain hydrocarbons, highly desirable in reactor design.One of the most common examples of a hydrogenous moderator is light water, which is simply ordinary water (H2O). Light water reactors (LWRs) are the most prevalent type of nuclear reactors in operation today. They utilize light water not only as a coolant but also as a moderator. The presence of hydrogen in the water significantly enhances the reactor's ability to sustain a controlled nuclear reaction. Additionally, heavy water (D2O), which contains deuterium, a heavier isotope of hydrogen, is also used in some reactors as a hydrogenous moderator. Heavy water reactors have the advantage of being able to use natural uranium as fuel, which is less processed than enriched uranium required by light water reactors.The choice of a hydrogenous moderator impacts not just the efficiency of the nuclear reaction, but also the overall safety and design of the reactor. For instance, the properties of the moderator influence the reactor's thermal conductivity, heat transfer characteristics, and neutron economy. Understanding how to manipulate these factors is crucial for engineers and scientists working in the nuclear field. Furthermore, advancements in materials science continue to improve the effectiveness of hydrogenous moderators, leading to innovations in reactor technology.In conclusion, the hydrogenous moderator is a fundamental element in the operation of nuclear reactors. Its ability to slow down neutrons is essential for maintaining a sustainable nuclear reaction, making it a key focus for researchers and engineers alike. As the world continues to seek cleaner energy sources, the role of hydrogenous moderators in nuclear technology will remain significant, paving the way for advancements that could lead to safer and more efficient energy production in the future.

在核工程领域，各种材料被用来控制和调节核反应堆内发生的反应。其中一个重要组成部分是氢化慢化剂，它在中子慢化过程中发挥着关键作用。氢化慢化剂是一种使用氢原子减缓核裂变过程中产生的快中子的慢化剂。这种减缓或慢化是至关重要的，因为它增加了这些中子被可裂变材料（如铀-235或钚-239）捕获的可能性，从而维持核能生产所需的链式反应。使用氢化慢化剂的主要优点在于其效率。氢作为最轻的元素，特别有效地降低快中子的动能。当一个快中子与一个氢原子碰撞时，它会将大量能量转移给氢原子，导致中子减速，然后可以更有效地与燃料相互作用。这一特性使得水和某些烃类等氢化材料在反应堆设计中非常受欢迎。最常见的氢化慢化剂的例子是轻水，即普通水（H2O）。轻水反应堆（LWR）是目前运行的最普遍的核反应堆类型。它们不仅将轻水用作冷却剂，还用作慢化剂。水中氢的存在显著增强了反应堆维持受控核反应的能力。此外，重水（D2O），其中含有氘（一种氢的重同位素），也在一些反应堆中作为氢化慢化剂使用。重水反应堆的优势在于能够使用天然铀作为燃料，这比轻水反应堆所需的浓缩铀处理程度低。选择氢化慢化剂不仅影响核反应的效率，还影响反应堆的整体安全性和设计。例如，慢化剂的特性影响反应堆的热导率、热传递特性和中子经济性。理解如何操纵这些因素对从事核领域的工程师和科学家至关重要。此外，材料科学的进步不断提高了氢化慢化剂的有效性，推动了反应堆技术的创新。总之，氢化慢化剂是核反应堆操作中的基本元素。它减缓中子的能力对于维持可持续核反应至关重要，使其成为研究人员和工程师的重点。随着世界继续寻求更清洁的能源来源，氢化慢化剂在核技术中的角色将仍然重要，为未来更安全、更高效的能源生产铺平道路。