shielding calculations

简明释义

防护计算

英英释义

例句

1.The results of the shielding calculations 屏蔽计算 indicated that additional barriers were required to protect against gamma radiation.

对屏蔽计算 shielding calculations的结果表明，需要额外的屏障来防护伽马辐射。

2.During the design phase, architects consulted specialists to perform shielding calculations 屏蔽计算 for the new hospital's radiology department.

在设计阶段，建筑师咨询专家对新医院放射科进行屏蔽计算 shielding calculations。

3.In nuclear physics, accurate shielding calculations 屏蔽计算 are essential to ensure the safety of workers in radiation environments.

在核物理中，准确的屏蔽计算 shielding calculations 对于确保辐射环境中工人的安全至关重要。

4.Engineers performed shielding calculations 屏蔽计算 to determine the necessary thickness of lead for the X-ray room.

工程师进行了屏蔽计算 shielding calculations，以确定X光室所需铅的厚度。

5.The research paper outlined a methodology for conducting shielding calculations 屏蔽计算 for various types of radiation sources.

这篇研究论文概述了一种针对各种辐射源进行屏蔽计算 shielding calculations的方法。

作文

In the realm of physics and chemistry, particularly in the study of atomic structure and electron interactions, the term shielding calculations plays a crucial role. Shielding calculations refer to the mathematical methods used to determine how electrons in an atom shield each other from the effective nuclear charge. This concept is fundamental for understanding the electronic configuration of atoms and the behavior of elements in different chemical environments.To grasp the significance of shielding calculations, one must first understand the basic structure of an atom. An atom consists of a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons that occupy various energy levels. The protons in the nucleus exert a positive charge, which attracts the negatively charged electrons. However, not all electrons experience this nuclear charge equally. The presence of other electrons can create a repulsive force that diminishes the effective nuclear charge felt by an individual electron. This phenomenon is where shielding calculations come into play.The process of shielding calculations involves assessing how much the inner-shell electrons shield the outer-shell electrons from the full effect of the nucleus’s positive charge. For instance, in a multi-electron atom, the electrons in the inner shells will partially 'shield' the outer electrons from the nucleus. As a result, the outer electrons experience a reduced effective nuclear charge, which influences their energy levels and spatial distribution.Accurate shielding calculations are essential for predicting the chemical properties of elements, such as ionization energy, electronegativity, and atomic radius. These properties are pivotal in understanding how atoms interact with one another during chemical reactions. For example, elements with high shielding effects tend to have lower ionization energies because the outer electrons are held less tightly to the nucleus due to the shielding by inner electrons.Moreover, shielding calculations also play a significant role in quantum chemistry and computational modeling. In these fields, scientists use advanced computational techniques to perform shielding calculations that help in simulating molecular structures and predicting reactivity. By incorporating these calculations into models, researchers can gain insights into complex chemical systems and design new materials with desired properties.In summary, shielding calculations are a vital aspect of atomic theory and chemistry. They provide a framework for understanding how electrons interact within an atom and how these interactions affect the chemical behavior of elements. As we continue to explore the intricacies of atomic and molecular structures, the importance of shielding calculations will only grow, paving the way for advancements in various scientific disciplines, including materials science, pharmacology, and nanotechnology. Understanding and mastering shielding calculations is thus crucial for anyone aspiring to delve deeper into the world of chemistry and physics, as it lays the groundwork for more profound discoveries and innovations in the future.

在物理和化学领域，尤其是在原子结构和电子相互作用的研究中，术语屏蔽计算起着至关重要的作用。屏蔽计算指的是用于确定原子中电子如何相互屏蔽有效核电荷的数学方法。这个概念对于理解原子的电子配置以及元素在不同化学环境中的行为是基础。要理解屏蔽计算的重要性，首先必须了解原子的基本结构。一个原子由一个由质子和中子组成的原子核构成，周围环绕着占据不同能级的电子。原子核中的质子施加正电荷，吸引带负电的电子。然而，并不是所有电子都平等地感受到这种核电荷。其他电子的存在可能会产生排斥力，从而减少单个电子所感受到的有效核电荷。这种现象就是屏蔽计算发挥作用的地方。屏蔽计算的过程涉及评估内层电子如何屏蔽外层电子免受核正电荷的完全影响。例如，在多电子原子中，内层的电子部分“屏蔽”外层电子，使其不受核的全部影响。因此，外层电子感受到的有效核电荷减少，这影响了它们的能级和空间分布。准确的屏蔽计算对于预测元素的化学性质至关重要，如电离能、电子亲和力和原子半径。这些性质对于理解原子在化学反应中的相互作用至关重要。例如，具有高屏蔽效应的元素往往具有较低的电离能，因为由于内层电子的屏蔽，外层电子与核的结合力较弱。此外，屏蔽计算在量子化学和计算建模中也扮演着重要角色。在这些领域，科学家使用先进的计算技术进行屏蔽计算，以帮助模拟分子结构和预测反应性。通过将这些计算纳入模型，研究人员可以深入了解复杂的化学系统，并设计出具有所需性质的新材料。总之，屏蔽计算是原子理论和化学中至关重要的一个方面。它们为理解电子在原子内的相互作用以及这些相互作用如何影响元素的化学行为提供了框架。随着我们继续探索原子和分子结构的复杂性，屏蔽计算的重要性只会增加，为包括材料科学、药理学和纳米技术在内的各种科学学科的进步铺平道路。因此，理解和掌握屏蔽计算对于任何渴望深入化学和物理世界的人来说都是至关重要的，因为这为未来更深刻的发现和创新奠定了基础。