nuclear polarization

简明释义

核极化

英英释义

例句

1.During the experiment, we measured the degree of nuclear polarization to assess the system's efficiency.

在实验过程中，我们测量了核极化的程度，以评估系统的效率。

2.Researchers are exploring methods to achieve higher nuclear polarization for improved experimental results.

研究人员正在探索提高核极化的方法，以改善实验结果。

3.The study of nuclear polarization has become increasingly important in nuclear physics.

对核极化的研究在核物理学中变得越来越重要。

4.In magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear polarization plays a crucial role in enhancing image quality.

在磁共振成像中，核极化在提高图像质量方面起着至关重要的作用。

5.The phenomenon of nuclear polarization can be observed in certain types of atomic nuclei.

某些类型的原子核中可以观察到核极化现象。

作文

Nuclear physics is a fascinating and complex field that deals with the components and behavior of atomic nuclei. One of the key concepts in this discipline is nuclear polarization, which refers to the alignment of nuclear spins in a magnetic field. This phenomenon has significant implications in both theoretical research and practical applications, particularly in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Understanding nuclear polarization can provide insights into the structure of matter and the interactions at the atomic level.When we talk about nuclear polarization, we are essentially discussing how the intrinsic angular momentum of nuclei, known as spin, can be influenced by external magnetic fields. In a non-polarized state, the spins of the nuclei are randomly oriented. However, when exposed to a strong magnetic field, some of these spins will align along the direction of the field, resulting in a net magnetization. This alignment is what we refer to as nuclear polarization.The degree of nuclear polarization achieved depends on several factors, including the strength of the magnetic field and the temperature of the system. At lower temperatures, nuclei are more likely to be polarized due to reduced thermal agitation, allowing for a greater alignment of spins. This principle is crucial in NMR spectroscopy, where a high degree of polarization enhances the sensitivity and resolution of the measurements.Moreover, nuclear polarization plays a vital role in MRI, a medical imaging technique widely used for diagnosing various health conditions. In MRI, the hydrogen nuclei in water molecules within the body are subjected to a magnetic field, leading to their polarization. The subsequent relaxation of these polarized spins when the magnetic field is turned off generates signals that are transformed into detailed images of the internal structures of the body. The effectiveness of MRI largely hinges on the principles of nuclear polarization, making it an indispensable tool in modern medicine.In addition to its applications in NMR and MRI, nuclear polarization has broader implications in fields such as quantum computing and particle physics. The ability to manipulate nuclear spins opens up possibilities for developing quantum bits or qubits, which are essential for building quantum computers. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms of nuclear polarization can lead to advancements in the study of fundamental particles and their interactions.In conclusion, nuclear polarization is a critical concept in nuclear physics that influences various scientific and technological domains. From enhancing the capabilities of NMR and MRI to paving the way for innovations in quantum computing, the significance of nuclear polarization cannot be overstated. As research continues to delve deeper into the intricacies of nuclear behavior, the understanding and application of nuclear polarization will undoubtedly evolve, leading to new discoveries and advancements in science and technology.

核物理是一个迷人而复杂的领域，涉及原子核的组成和行为。这个学科中的一个关键概念是核极化，它指的是在磁场中核自旋的排列。这种现象在理论研究和实际应用中都具有重要意义，特别是在核磁共振（NMR）和磁共振成像（MRI）中。理解核极化可以提供对物质结构和原子层面相互作用的洞察。当我们谈论核极化时，实际上是在讨论外部磁场如何影响核的内在角动量，称为自旋。在非极化状态下，核的自旋是随机定向的。然而，当暴露于强磁场时，这些自旋中的一些会沿着场的方向排列，从而产生净磁化。这种排列就是我们所说的核极化。实现的核极化程度取决于多个因素，包括磁场的强度和系统的温度。在较低的温度下，由于热运动减少，核更有可能被极化，从而使自旋的排列程度更高。这一原理在核磁共振光谱中至关重要，因为高程度的极化提高了测量的灵敏度和分辨率。此外，核极化在MRI中发挥着重要作用，MRI是一种广泛用于诊断各种健康状况的医学成像技术。在MRI中，体内水分子中的氢核受到磁场的影响，导致其极化。当磁场关闭后，这些极化自旋的随时间放松会产生信号，这些信号被转化为体内结构的详细图像。MRI的有效性在很大程度上依赖于核极化的原理，使其成为现代医学中不可或缺的工具。除了在NMR和MRI中的应用外，核极化在量子计算和粒子物理等领域也具有更广泛的意义。操纵核自旋的能力为开发量子位或量子比特打开了可能性，而量子比特是构建量子计算机所必需的。此外，理解核极化的机制可以促进对基本粒子及其相互作用的研究。总之，核极化是核物理中的一个关键概念，影响着各个科学和技术领域。从增强NMR和MRI的能力到为量子计算的创新铺平道路，核极化的重要性不容小觑。随着研究继续深入探讨核行为的复杂性，对核极化的理解和应用无疑将不断发展，带来新的发现和科学技术的进步。