nuclear mass

简明释义

核质量

英英释义

例句

1.The nuclear mass defect explains why some atoms are more stable than others.

核质量缺陷解释了为什么某些原子比其他原子更稳定。

2.The nuclear mass of an atom can be determined using a mass spectrometer.

原子的核质量可以通过质谱仪来测定。

3.The calculation of the nuclear mass is essential for understanding nuclear reactions.

计算核质量对于理解核反应至关重要。

4.In fusion reactions, the nuclear mass plays a critical role in energy release.

在聚变反应中，核质量在能量释放中起着关键作用。

5.Scientists use nuclear mass to predict the stability of isotopes.

科学家使用核质量来预测同位素的稳定性。

作文

The concept of nuclear mass is fundamental in the field of nuclear physics and plays a crucial role in understanding atomic structure. 核质量 refers to the mass of an atomic nucleus, which is primarily composed of protons and neutrons. These subatomic particles contribute significantly to the overall mass of the nucleus, while electrons contribute negligibly due to their much smaller mass. Understanding nuclear mass is essential for various applications, including nuclear energy production and medical imaging techniques.To grasp the importance of nuclear mass, we must first explore how it is measured. The standard unit of measurement for atomic and nuclear mass is the atomic mass unit (amu). One amu is defined as one twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom. The mass of a nucleus can be calculated by adding the masses of the individual protons and neutrons, but this does not account for the binding energy that holds these particles together. This energy, according to Einstein's famous equation E=mc², contributes to the total mass of the nucleus, leading to the concept of mass defect.The mass defect is the difference between the sum of the individual masses of the nucleons (protons and neutrons) and the actual measured mass of the nucleus. This difference arises because some mass is converted into energy when nucleons bind together. Therefore, the nuclear mass of an atom is always less than the total mass of its constituent protons and neutrons. This principle is crucial for understanding nuclear reactions, such as fission and fusion, where changes in nuclear mass can result in the release of vast amounts of energy.In practical terms, the knowledge of nuclear mass is applied in various fields. In nuclear power plants, the process of nuclear fission involves splitting heavy nuclei into lighter ones, releasing energy in the form of heat, which is then used to generate electricity. Engineers and scientists must carefully calculate the nuclear mass of the materials involved to ensure efficiency and safety in these processes.Moreover, in medicine, the principles of nuclear mass are utilized in imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET). This method relies on the detection of gamma rays emitted by radioactive substances that are integrated into biological systems. Understanding the nuclear mass of these isotopes helps in selecting appropriate materials for diagnosis and treatment.In conclusion, the concept of nuclear mass is vital for both theoretical and practical applications in science and technology. It encompasses the mass of atomic nuclei, the interactions between their components, and the energy transformations that occur during nuclear reactions. As research continues to advance in the fields of nuclear physics and engineering, a deeper understanding of nuclear mass will undoubtedly lead to new innovations and discoveries that can benefit society as a whole.

核质量的概念在核物理学领域是基础性的，并在理解原子结构中扮演着至关重要的角色。核质量指的是原子核的质量，原子核主要由质子和中子组成。这些亚原子粒子对核的总体质量贡献显著，而电子由于其质量较小，对核质量的贡献微不足道。理解核质量对于各种应用至关重要，包括核能生产和医学成像技术。要掌握核质量的重要性，我们首先需要探讨它是如何测量的。原子和核质量的标准测量单位是原子质量单位（amu）。一个amu被定义为碳-12原子质量的十二分之一。核的质量可以通过将各个质子和中子的质量相加来计算，但这并没有考虑到将这些粒子结合在一起的结合能。根据爱因斯坦著名的方程E=mc²，这种能量会对核的总质量产生影响，从而引出质量缺陷的概念。质量缺陷是指质子和中子各自质量的总和与实际测得的核质量之间的差异。这种差异的产生是因为在核粒子结合时，一部分质量转化为能量。因此，一个原子的核质量总是小于其组成质子和中子的总质量。这个原理对于理解核反应（如裂变和聚变）至关重要，因为核质量的变化可以导致大量能量的释放。在实际应用中，核质量的知识被应用于多个领域。在核电站中，核裂变过程涉及将重核分裂为更轻的核，释放出热量，这些热量随后用于发电。工程师和科学家必须仔细计算所涉及材料的核质量，以确保这些过程的效率和安全性。此外，在医学上，核质量的原理被应用于正电子发射断层扫描（PET）等成像技术。这种方法依赖于检测放射性物质在生物系统中发出的伽马射线。理解这些同位素的核质量有助于选择合适的材料用于诊断和治疗。总之，核质量的概念对于科学和技术的理论和实践应用至关重要。它涵盖了原子核的质量、其组成部分之间的相互作用以及在核反应过程中发生的能量转化。随着核物理学和工程领域研究的不断进展，对核质量的更深入理解无疑会带来新的创新和发现，造福整个社会。