effective cross section

简明释义

有效截面

英英释义

例句

1.The effective cross section of a particle can determine its likelihood of interaction with other particles.

粒子的有效截面可以决定其与其他粒子相互作用的可能性。

2.The effective cross section can vary significantly depending on the energy of the incoming particles.

根据入射粒子的能量，有效截面可能会显著变化。

3.In nuclear physics, the effective cross section is crucial for calculating reaction rates.

在核物理中，有效截面对计算反应速率至关重要。

4.Understanding the effective cross section helps in designing better shielding materials.

理解有效截面有助于设计更好的屏蔽材料。

5.The experiment measured the effective cross section of the target material under various conditions.

实验测量了在各种条件下目标材料的有效截面。

作文

In the realm of particle physics, understanding the interactions between particles is crucial for advancing our knowledge of the universe. One fundamental concept that helps physicists quantify these interactions is the effective cross section. The effective cross section is a measure of the probability that a specific interaction will occur between particles, such as scattering or absorption. It is not merely a geometrical area; rather, it encapsulates the likelihood of an event happening when two particles collide. This concept is essential in experiments conducted in particle accelerators, where high-energy collisions are studied to unravel the mysteries of fundamental forces and particles.The effective cross section can vary depending on several factors, including the energy of the incoming particles and the nature of the interaction. For instance, in high-energy collisions, the effective cross section may increase due to the production of new particles or resonances that can be formed during the collision process. This variability makes the effective cross section a dynamic parameter that physicists must carefully consider when designing experiments and interpreting results.Moreover, the effective cross section is pivotal in theoretical calculations and simulations. By utilizing quantum field theory, physicists can derive expressions for the effective cross section for various processes. These theoretical predictions are then compared with experimental data to validate models of particle interactions. Discrepancies between predicted and observed values of the effective cross section can lead to new insights and the development of more comprehensive theories that account for phenomena not previously understood.Another important aspect of the effective cross section is its application beyond particle physics. In fields like nuclear physics and astrophysics, the concept is similarly employed to describe interactions involving neutrons, protons, and other cosmic particles. For example, in astrophysics, the effective cross section can help explain how neutrinos interact with matter in stellar environments, influencing processes such as nucleosynthesis and energy transport in stars.In conclusion, the effective cross section is a vital tool for physicists, providing insight into the probabilities of particle interactions. Its significance extends across various domains of physics, aiding in both experimental and theoretical frameworks. As we continue to explore the subatomic world, the effective cross section will remain a key concept that enhances our understanding of the fundamental forces that govern the universe.To further grasp the implications of the effective cross section, one must appreciate its role in bridging theory and experiment. By refining our measurements of the effective cross section, we can improve our models of particle interactions, ultimately leading to a deeper comprehension of the underlying principles that shape our reality.

在粒子物理学领域，理解粒子之间的相互作用对于推动我们对宇宙的认识至关重要。一个帮助物理学家量化这些相互作用的基本概念是有效截面。有效截面是衡量特定相互作用发生概率的一个指标，例如散射或吸收。它不仅仅是一个几何面积，而是概括了当两个粒子碰撞时事件发生的可能性。这个概念在粒子加速器中进行的实验中至关重要，在那里研究高能碰撞以揭示基本力和粒子的奥秘。有效截面可能会因多种因素而异，包括入射粒子的能量和相互作用的性质。例如，在高能碰撞中，由于碰撞过程中可能产生新粒子或共振态，有效截面可能会增加。这种变化性使得有效截面成为一个动态参数，物理学家在设计实验和解释结果时必须认真考虑。此外，有效截面在理论计算和模拟中也至关重要。通过利用量子场论，物理学家可以推导出各种过程的有效截面表达式。这些理论预测随后与实验数据进行比较，以验证粒子相互作用模型。预测值与观察值之间的差异可能导致新的见解，并推动更全面理论的发展，以解释以前未理解的现象。有效截面的另一个重要方面是其在粒子物理学之外的应用。在核物理学和天体物理学等领域，这个概念同样被用来描述涉及中子、质子和其他宇宙粒子的相互作用。例如，在天体物理学中，有效截面可以帮助解释中微子如何在恒星环境中与物质相互作用，从而影响核合成和恒星中的能量传输过程。总之，有效截面是物理学家的一项重要工具，为粒子相互作用的概率提供了洞察。它的重要性延伸到物理学的各个领域，帮助实验和理论框架。随着我们继续探索亚原子世界，有效截面将始终是一个关键概念，增强我们对支配宇宙基本力量的理解。为了进一步掌握有效截面的含义，我们必须欣赏它在理论与实验之间架起桥梁的作用。通过改进对有效截面的测量，我们可以改善粒子相互作用的模型，最终深入理解塑造我们现实的基本原则。