delayed criticality

简明释义

缓发临界

英英释义

例句

1.The simulation showed that delayed criticality could lead to unexpected power surges.

模拟显示，延迟临界性可能导致意外的功率激增。

2.In nuclear physics, delayed criticality refers to a state where a reactor becomes critical after a delay due to neutron feedback.

在核物理中，延迟临界性指的是由于中子反馈，反应堆在延迟后变得临界的状态。

3.The team was concerned about the delayed criticality of the project, as it could impact the overall timeline.

团队对项目的延迟临界性表示担忧，因为这可能会影响整体时间表。

4.Understanding delayed criticality is essential for managing the risks associated with nuclear reactors.

理解延迟临界性对于管理与核反应堆相关的风险至关重要。

5.The engineers had to calculate the delayed criticality to ensure safety during the reactor's startup.

工程师们必须计算延迟临界性以确保反应堆启动期间的安全。

作文

In the realm of nuclear physics, the term delayed criticality refers to a situation where a nuclear reaction reaches a critical state not immediately but after a certain period. This phenomenon is particularly important in the context of nuclear reactors and weapons. Understanding delayed criticality is essential for both safety and efficiency in nuclear operations. When a reactor achieves criticality, it means that the nuclear chain reaction is self-sustaining. However, if this critical state is reached after a delay, it can have significant implications for reactor control and safety protocols.To grasp the concept of delayed criticality, one must first understand the basics of nuclear fission. In a nuclear reactor, fissile material such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239 undergoes fission when struck by a neutron. This fission process releases additional neutrons, which can then go on to induce further fissions, creating a chain reaction. A reactor is said to be 'critical' when each fission event produces, on average, one additional fission event. This balance ensures a steady output of energy.However, in some scenarios, the timing of neutron emissions and absorptions can lead to delayed criticality. For example, certain fission products are radioactive and emit neutrons after a delay. If these delayed neutrons are released at the right moment, they can contribute to sustaining the chain reaction, but if not managed properly, they can lead to instability in the reactor. This is why understanding and managing delayed criticality is crucial for engineers and physicists working in the field.The implications of delayed criticality extend beyond just theoretical physics; they are vital for the safe operation of nuclear power plants. Engineers must design reactors that can handle the complexities introduced by delayed neutrons. For instance, control rods, which are used to absorb excess neutrons and regulate the reaction rate, must be calibrated to account for the delayed nature of some neutrons. Failure to do so could result in an uncontrolled reaction, leading to potential accidents.Moreover, delayed criticality also has applications in the development of nuclear weapons. The timing of the reaction can determine the yield and effectiveness of a weapon. Understanding how to manipulate delayed neutrons allows for better control over the explosive power of a nuclear device. Therefore, knowledge of delayed criticality is not only a matter of scientific curiosity but also of national security.In conclusion, delayed criticality is a fundamental concept in nuclear physics that plays a critical role in both the operation of nuclear reactors and the development of nuclear weapons. Its implications for safety and efficiency cannot be overstated. As we continue to advance our understanding of nuclear science, the importance of mastering concepts like delayed criticality will only grow. Ensuring that nuclear technology is used safely and responsibly is paramount, and a thorough understanding of delayed criticality is an essential part of that mission.

在核物理学领域，术语延迟临界性指的是一种核反应在经过一段时间后而非立即达到临界状态的情况。这一现象在核反应堆和武器的背景下尤为重要。理解延迟临界性对核操作的安全性和效率至关重要。当反应堆达到临界性时，意味着核链反应是自持的。然而，如果这一临界状态是在延迟后达到的，它可能对反应堆的控制和安全协议产生重大影响。要理解延迟临界性的概念，首先必须了解核裂变的基本知识。在核反应堆中，铀-235或钚-239等裂变材料在被中子撞击时会发生裂变。这个裂变过程释放出额外的中子，这些中子可以进一步引发更多的裂变，从而形成链式反应。当每个裂变事件平均产生一个额外的裂变事件时，反应堆被称为“临界”。这种平衡确保了能量的稳定输出。然而，在某些情况下，中子释放和吸收的时机可能导致延迟临界性。例如，某些裂变产物是放射性的，并在延迟后释放中子。如果这些延迟中子在适当的时刻释放，它们可以有助于维持链反应，但如果管理不当，可能会导致反应堆的不稳定。这就是为什么理解和管理延迟临界性对从事该领域工作的工程师和物理学家至关重要。延迟临界性的影响不仅限于理论物理；它对核电厂的安全运行至关重要。工程师必须设计能够处理延迟中子引入的复杂性的反应堆。例如，用于吸收多余中子并调节反应速率的控制棒，必须校准以考虑某些中子的延迟特性。如果未能做到这一点，可能会导致失控的反应，从而引发潜在事故。此外，延迟临界性在核武器的发展中也具有应用价值。反应的时机可以决定武器的威力和有效性。理解如何操控延迟中子可以更好地控制核装置的爆炸威力。因此，掌握延迟临界性不仅是科学好奇心的问题，也是国家安全的问题。总之，延迟临界性是核物理学中的一个基本概念，在核反应堆的运行和核武器的发展中发挥着关键作用。它对安全性和效率的影响不容小觑。随着我们继续推进对核科学的理解，掌握像延迟临界性这样的概念的重要性只会增加。确保核技术的安全和负责任使用至关重要，而对延迟临界性的透彻理解是实现这一目标的重要组成部分。