degree of ionization

简明释义

电离度

英英释义

例句

1.The pH of a solution can be affected by the degree of ionization of the solute.

溶液的pH值可能受到溶质的离子化程度degree of ionization的影响。

2.Chemists often measure the degree of ionization to understand the strength of an acid or base.

化学家通常测量离子化程度degree of ionization以了解酸或碱的强度。

3.The degree of ionization can vary with temperature and concentration.

离子化程度degree of ionization可以随温度和浓度而变化。

4.In weak acids, the degree of ionization is significantly lower than in strong acids.

在弱酸中，离子化程度degree of ionization显著低于强酸。

5.The degree of ionization indicates how many molecules of a substance have been converted into ions in a solution.

离子化程度degree of ionization指的是在溶液中有多少分子被转化为离子。

作文

The concept of degree of ionization plays a crucial role in understanding various chemical processes, particularly in the field of chemistry and biochemistry. The degree of ionization refers to the extent to which a substance, especially an acid or a base, dissociates into ions when dissolved in a solvent, typically water. This parameter is essential for predicting the behavior of solutions and their reactivity under different conditions.In many chemical reactions, the concentration of ions present in a solution can significantly influence the reaction rates and equilibrium positions. For instance, weak acids and bases do not completely ionize in solution, which means that only a fraction of the solute molecules dissociate into ions. The degree of ionization can be expressed as a percentage, indicating the proportion of the original solute that has formed ions. This is particularly important in biological systems where pH levels and ionic concentrations can affect enzyme activity and metabolic processes.To understand the degree of ionization, consider the example of acetic acid (CH₃COOH), a common weak acid. When acetic acid is dissolved in water, it partially dissociates into acetate ions (CH₃COO⁻) and hydrogen ions (H⁺). The degree of ionization of acetic acid can be calculated by measuring the concentration of the ions produced compared to the initial concentration of the acid. A higher degree of ionization indicates a greater extent of dissociation, which often correlates with stronger acidic properties.The degree of ionization is influenced by several factors, including temperature, concentration, and the presence of other solutes. For example, increasing the temperature generally increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, which can lead to a higher degree of ionization. Similarly, diluting a solution tends to increase the degree of ionization of weak acids and bases, as there are fewer solute particles competing for the available solvent molecules.In addition to its implications in chemistry, the degree of ionization also has practical applications in various industries. For example, in pharmaceuticals, understanding the degree of ionization of drug compounds can help predict their absorption and distribution within the body. Drugs that are more ionized at physiological pH may have lower permeability across cell membranes, affecting their bioavailability.Furthermore, the degree of ionization is critical in environmental science, particularly in assessing the behavior of pollutants in aquatic systems. Many contaminants can exist in both ionized and non-ionized forms, and their toxicity can vary significantly depending on their ionic state. Thus, understanding the degree of ionization helps in evaluating the risks associated with chemical exposure in ecosystems.In conclusion, the degree of ionization is a fundamental concept in chemistry that provides insights into the behavior of acids and bases in solution. It is vital for predicting chemical reactivity, understanding biological processes, and applying this knowledge in industrial and environmental contexts. By mastering the concept of degree of ionization, students and professionals alike can enhance their comprehension of chemical interactions and their implications in real-world scenarios.

“电离度”这一概念在理解各种化学过程时起着至关重要的作用，特别是在化学和生物化学领域。“电离度”指的是一种物质，尤其是酸或碱，在溶解于溶剂（通常是水）时离解成离子的程度。这个参数对于预测溶液的行为及其在不同条件下的反应性至关重要。在许多化学反应中，溶液中存在的离子浓度可以显著影响反应速率和化学平衡。例如，弱酸和弱碱在溶液中并不完全电离，这意味着只有一部分溶质分子会离解成离子。“电离度”可以用百分比表示，指示原始溶质形成离子的比例。这在生物系统中尤为重要，因为pH值和离子浓度可以影响酶的活性和代谢过程。为了理解“电离度”，可以考虑醋酸（CH₃COOH）的例子，这是一种常见的弱酸。当醋酸溶解在水中时，它部分离解为醋酸根离子（CH₃COO⁻）和氢离子（H⁺）。醋酸的“电离度”可以通过测量生成的离子浓度与酸的初始浓度进行计算。更高的“电离度”表明离解程度更大，这通常与更强的酸性特性相关。“电离度”受到多个因素的影响，包括温度、浓度和其他溶质的存在。例如，增加温度通常会提高分子的动能，这可能导致更高的“电离度”。同样，稀释溶液往往会增加弱酸和弱碱的“电离度”，因为竞争可用溶剂分子的溶质粒子减少。除了在化学中的意义外，“电离度”在各个行业也有实际应用。例如，在制药行业，了解药物化合物的“电离度”可以帮助预测其在体内的吸收和分布。在生理pH下电离程度较高的药物可能在细胞膜的通透性较低，从而影响其生物利用度。此外，“电离度”在环境科学中也至关重要，特别是在评估水体系统中污染物的行为时。许多污染物可以以电离和非电离形式存在，其毒性可能因离子状态而显著变化。因此，了解“电离度”有助于评估化学暴露对生态系统的风险。总之，“电离度”是化学中的一个基本概念，为理解酸和碱在溶液中的行为提供了洞察。它对于预测化学反应性、理解生物过程以及在工业和环境背景中应用这些知识至关重要。通过掌握“电离度”这一概念，学生和专业人士都可以增强对化学相互作用及其在现实世界场景中影响的理解。