degree of dissociation

简明释义

离解度

英英释义

例句

1.To calculate the degree of dissociation, we need to know the initial concentration of the reactants.

要计算离解程度，我们需要知道反应物的初始浓度。

2.The degree of dissociation of a gas can be affected by changes in temperature and pressure.

气体的离解程度可以受到温度和压力变化的影响。

3.In weak electrolytes, the degree of dissociation can be significantly lower than in strong electrolytes.

在弱电解质中，离解程度可能显著低于强电解质。

4.The degree of dissociation in this acid solution is quite high, indicating that most of the acid molecules have ionized.

这个酸溶液中的离解程度相当高，表明大多数酸分子已经电离。

5.We observed that the degree of dissociation increased as the concentration of the salt was diluted.

我们观察到，当盐的浓度被稀释时，离解程度增加了。

作文

The concept of the degree of dissociation is fundamental in the field of chemistry, particularly when discussing the behavior of acids, bases, and salts in solution. It refers to the extent to which a substance breaks apart into its constituent ions when dissolved in a solvent. Understanding the degree of dissociation helps chemists predict how substances will react in various conditions, making it a crucial factor in both theoretical and applied chemistry.When an ionic compound dissolves in water, it separates into positive and negative ions. The degree of dissociation quantifies this process, indicating how many of the original molecules have dissociated compared to the total number of molecules present. For instance, in a strong acid like hydrochloric acid (HCl), the degree of dissociation is nearly complete, meaning that almost all HCl molecules break apart into H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions. Conversely, weak acids like acetic acid (CH₃COOH) have a lower degree of dissociation, as only a fraction of the molecules ionize in solution.The degree of dissociation can be influenced by several factors, including concentration, temperature, and the presence of other substances in the solution. For example, increasing the concentration of a weak acid can lead to a decrease in its degree of dissociation due to the common ion effect, where the addition of more acid shifts the equilibrium position and reduces the ionization of the acid. This phenomenon illustrates the dynamic nature of chemical equilibria and the importance of understanding the degree of dissociation in predicting the behavior of chemical systems.In practical applications, knowing the degree of dissociation is vital for industries such as pharmaceuticals, where the effectiveness of drugs often depends on their ionization state in the body. For instance, a drug that is poorly dissociated may not be effectively absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, while one that is highly dissociated may be more readily absorbed. Therefore, pharmaceutical scientists must consider the degree of dissociation when designing and formulating medications.Moreover, the degree of dissociation also plays a significant role in environmental chemistry. In natural waters, the dissociation of carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) into bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) and carbonate (CO₃²⁻) ions is crucial for maintaining the pH balance of aquatic ecosystems. Understanding the degree of dissociation of these compounds helps environmental scientists assess the health of water bodies and the impact of human activities on these delicate systems.In conclusion, the degree of dissociation is a key concept in chemistry that has far-reaching implications across various fields. Its significance extends from academic research to practical applications in medicine and environmental science. By grasping the nuances of the degree of dissociation, students and professionals can better appreciate the intricate behavior of substances in solution and make informed decisions based on this understanding.

“解离度”这一概念在化学领域中至关重要，特别是在讨论酸、碱和盐在溶液中的行为时。它指的是一种物质在溶剂中溶解时分解为其组成离子的程度。理解“解离度”有助于化学家预测物质在各种条件下的反应，因此它是理论和应用化学中的一个关键因素。当离子化合物溶解在水中时，它会分离成正离子和负离子。“解离度”量化了这一过程，指示与原始分子总数相比，有多少分子已解离。例如，在强酸如盐酸（HCl）中，“解离度”几乎是完全的，这意味着几乎所有的HCl分子都分解为H⁺和Cl⁻离子。相反，像醋酸（CH₃COOH）这样的弱酸则具有较低的“解离度”，因为只有一部分分子在溶液中电离。“解离度”受到多种因素的影响，包括浓度、温度以及溶液中其他物质的存在。例如，增加弱酸的浓度可能会导致其“解离度”降低，这是由于共离子效应的影响，即加入更多酸会使平衡位置发生变化，从而减少酸的电离。这一现象说明了化学平衡的动态特性，以及理解“解离度”在预测化学系统行为中的重要性。在实际应用中，了解“解离度”对制药等行业至关重要，因为药物的有效性通常取决于其在体内的电离状态。例如，解离度较低的药物可能无法在胃肠道中有效吸收，而解离度较高的药物则可能更易被吸收。因此，制药科学家在设计和配方药物时必须考虑“解离度”。此外，“解离度”在环境化学中也起着重要作用。在自然水域中，碳酸（H₂CO₃）解离为重碳酸根（HCO₃⁻）和碳酸根（CO₃²⁻）离子的过程对于维持水生生态系统的pH平衡至关重要。了解这些化合物的“解离度”有助于环境科学家评估水体的健康状况以及人类活动对这些脆弱系统的影响。总之，“解离度”是化学中的一个关键概念，对各个领域都有深远的影响。它的重要性从学术研究延伸到医学和环境科学的实际应用。通过掌握“解离度”的细微差别，学生和专业人士能够更好地理解溶液中物质的复杂行为，并根据这一理解做出明智的决策。