cyclotron radius

简明释义

回旋半径

英英释义

例句

1.The particle's motion is confined within a circular path determined by its cyclotron radius.

粒子的运动被限制在一个由其回旋半径决定的圆形路径内。

2.The cyclotron radius is crucial for designing particle accelerators.

回旋半径对于设计粒子加速器至关重要。

3.To calculate the cyclotron radius, we need to know the charge and mass of the particle.

要计算回旋半径，我们需要知道粒子的电荷和质量。

4.The cyclotron radius increases with the momentum of the particle.

回旋半径随着粒子动量的增加而增大。

5.In magnetic fields, the cyclotron radius helps us predict the trajectory of charged particles.

在磁场中，回旋半径帮助我们预测带电粒子的轨迹。

作文

The concept of the cyclotron radius is fundamental in the field of plasma physics and astrophysics. It refers to the radius of the circular motion of a charged particle, such as an electron or ion, when it moves through a magnetic field. The cyclotron radius is determined by several factors, including the charge of the particle, its mass, the strength of the magnetic field, and its velocity. Understanding this concept is crucial for various applications, ranging from magnetic confinement in fusion reactors to the behavior of cosmic rays in space.When a charged particle enters a magnetic field, it experiences a force perpendicular to both its velocity and the magnetic field direction. This phenomenon is described by the Lorentz force law, which states that the force acting on a charged particle is proportional to the charge, the velocity of the particle, and the magnetic field strength. As a result of this force, the particle begins to spiral around the magnetic field lines, tracing out a circular path. The radius of this circular path is what we refer to as the cyclotron radius.Mathematically, the cyclotron radius (often denoted as r) can be expressed using the formula: r = mv / (qB), where m is the mass of the particle, v is its velocity, q is its charge, and B is the magnetic field strength. This equation illustrates how the radius is directly proportional to the momentum of the particle (mv) and inversely proportional to the charge-to-mass ratio (q/m) and the magnetic field strength (B). As the magnetic field strength increases, the cyclotron radius decreases, meaning that particles will spiral tighter around the field lines.In practical applications, the cyclotron radius plays a significant role in the design of devices such as cyclotrons, which are particle accelerators that utilize this principle to accelerate charged particles to high speeds. In a cyclotron, the particles are subjected to a uniform magnetic field and an alternating electric field, allowing them to gain energy with each revolution. The cyclotron radius helps determine the size of the cyclotron and the maximum energy that can be achieved by the particles.Furthermore, understanding the cyclotron radius is essential for studying the behavior of charged particles in astrophysical environments. For example, when cosmic rays enter the Earth's atmosphere, their interactions with the magnetic field can be analyzed using the concept of the cyclotron radius. This helps scientists understand the dynamics of cosmic ray propagation and their impact on atmospheric chemistry and climate.In conclusion, the cyclotron radius is a key concept that bridges the gap between theoretical physics and practical applications. By comprehending this term, researchers can better understand the motion of charged particles in magnetic fields, leading to advancements in technology and a deeper understanding of the universe. Whether in the context of fusion energy research or the study of cosmic phenomena, the cyclotron radius remains a vital component of modern physics, illustrating the intricate relationship between forces, motion, and energy in our world.

“回旋半径”的概念在等离子体物理学和天体物理学领域中是基础性的。它指的是带电粒子（例如电子或离子）在磁场中运动时所形成的圆形运动的半径。“回旋半径”由多个因素决定，包括粒子的电荷、质量、磁场的强度以及其速度。理解这个概念对多种应用至关重要，从核聚变反应堆中的磁约束到宇宙射线在太空中的行为。当带电粒子进入磁场时，它会经历一个与其速度和磁场方向都垂直的力。这一现象由洛伦兹力定律描述，该定律指出，作用于带电粒子的力与电荷、粒子的速度和磁场强度成正比。因此，粒子开始围绕磁场线螺旋运动，描绘出一个圆形路径。这个圆形路径的半径就是我们所称的“回旋半径”。在数学上，“回旋半径”（通常表示为r）可以用公式表示：r = mv / (qB)，其中m是粒子的质量，v是其速度，q是其电荷，B是磁场强度。这个方程说明了半径与粒子动量（mv）成正比，而与电荷-质量比（q/m）和磁场强度（B）成反比。随着磁场强度的增加，“回旋半径”减小，这意味着粒子将在磁场线周围更紧密地螺旋。在实际应用中，“回旋半径”在设计如回旋加速器这样的设备中起着重要作用，回旋加速器是一种利用这一原理将带电粒子加速到高速的粒子加速器。在回旋加速器中，粒子受到均匀的磁场和交变电场的作用，使其在每次旋转中获得能量。“回旋半径”有助于确定回旋加速器的大小以及粒子可以达到的最大能量。此外，理解“回旋半径”对于研究天体物理环境中带电粒子的行为至关重要。例如，当宇宙射线进入地球大气层时，它们与磁场的相互作用可以通过“回旋半径”的概念进行分析。这有助于科学家理解宇宙射线传播的动态及其对大气化学和气候的影响。总之，“回旋半径”是一个关键概念，架起了理论物理与实际应用之间的桥梁。通过理解这个术语，研究人员可以更好地理解带电粒子在磁场中的运动，从而推动技术进步并加深对宇宙的理解。无论是在核聚变能源研究还是宇宙现象研究的背景下，“回旋半径”仍然是现代物理学的重要组成部分，展示了我们世界中力、运动和能量之间错综复杂的关系。