conduction electron

简明释义

传导电子

英英释义

例句

1.Semiconductors have fewer conduction electrons 导电电子 compared to metals, which limits their conductivity.

与金属相比，半导体的导电电子 较少，这限制了它们的导电性。

2.When heat is applied, the number of conduction electrons 导电电子 in a material can increase, enhancing its conductivity.

当施加热量时，材料中的导电电子 数量可能增加，从而增强其导电性。

3.In superconductors, conduction electrons 导电电子 move without resistance below a critical temperature.

在超导体中，导电电子 在临界温度以下无阻力地移动。

4.The presence of free conduction electrons 导电电子 allows metals to conduct electricity efficiently.

自由的导电电子 的存在使得金属能够有效地导电。

5.In metals, the movement of conduction electrons 导电电子 is responsible for electrical conductivity.

在金属中，导电电子 的运动 负责电导率。

作文

The world of physics and materials science is filled with fascinating concepts that help us understand how matter behaves under different conditions. One such concept is that of the conduction electron, which plays a crucial role in the electrical properties of materials. In simple terms, a conduction electron is an electron that is free to move within a material, allowing it to conduct electricity. This phenomenon is particularly significant in metals, where the presence of these free-moving electrons is what gives rise to their excellent conductivity.When we look at metals, we find that they possess a unique structure that allows for the existence of conduction electrons. The outermost electrons of metal atoms are loosely bound to their nuclei, which means they can easily leave their parent atoms and roam freely throughout the metallic lattice. This freedom of movement is what enables metals to conduct electric current so effectively. In fact, the more conduction electrons a metal has, the better it is at conducting electricity.In contrast, insulators are materials that do not have a sufficient number of conduction electrons. In insulators, the outer electrons are tightly bound to their respective nuclei, preventing them from moving freely. This lack of mobility means that insulators do not conduct electricity well; instead, they resist the flow of electric current. Common examples of insulators include rubber, glass, and wood.Semiconductors, on the other hand, are materials that fall between conductors and insulators in terms of their electrical properties. They possess a limited number of conduction electrons, but their conductivity can be altered by introducing impurities or by changing temperature. For instance, adding certain elements to silicon can create a semiconductor that conducts electricity better than pure silicon. This property makes semiconductors vital to modern electronics, as they are used in everything from transistors to diodes to solar cells.Understanding the behavior of conduction electrons is essential for developing new technologies. Researchers are continually exploring ways to manipulate these electrons to create faster and more efficient electronic devices. For example, advancements in nanotechnology have allowed scientists to engineer materials at the atomic level, leading to the discovery of new conductive materials that could revolutionize the electronics industry.Moreover, the study of conduction electrons is also crucial in the field of superconductivity. Superconductors are materials that can conduct electricity without resistance when cooled to very low temperatures. The phenomenon occurs due to the pairing of conduction electrons, which allows them to move through the material without scattering off impurities or lattice vibrations. This property has significant implications for power transmission and magnetic levitation technologies.In conclusion, conduction electrons are fundamental to our understanding of electrical conductivity in materials. Their ability to move freely within a substance determines whether a material acts as a conductor, insulator, or semiconductor. As technology continues to advance, the manipulation of conduction electrons will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping the future of electronics and materials science. By harnessing the unique properties of these electrons, we can develop innovative solutions to some of the world's most pressing challenges, paving the way for a more connected and technologically advanced society.

物理学和材料科学的世界充满了迷人的概念，这些概念帮助我们理解物质在不同条件下的行为。其中一个概念是导电电子，它在材料的电气特性中起着至关重要的作用。简单来说，导电电子是指能够在材料中自由移动的电子，从而使其能够导电。这一现象在金属中尤为显著，因为这些自由移动的电子的存在使得金属具有优良的导电性。当我们观察金属时，会发现它们具有独特的结构，这种结构允许导电电子的存在。金属原子的最外层电子与其原子核的结合相对松散，这意味着它们可以轻易地离开其母原子，并在金属晶格中自由游走。这种运动的自由度使得金属能够有效地导电。实际上，金属中导电电子的数量越多，其导电能力就越强。相比之下，绝缘体是那些没有足够数量的导电电子的材料。在绝缘体中，外层电子紧紧绑定在各自的原子核上，阻止它们自由移动。这种流动性的缺乏意味着绝缘体不容易导电；相反，它们会抵抗电流的流动。常见的绝缘体包括橡胶、玻璃和木材。另一方面，半导体是电气特性介于导体和绝缘体之间的材料。它们拥有有限数量的导电电子，但其导电性可以通过引入杂质或改变温度来改变。例如，向硅中添加某些元素可以创造出比纯硅更好导电的半导体。这一特性使得半导体在现代电子设备中至关重要，因为它们被用于从晶体管到二极管再到太阳能电池的各种应用。理解导电电子的行为对于开发新技术至关重要。研究人员不断探索操纵这些电子的方法，以创建更快、更高效的电子设备。例如，纳米技术的进步使科学家能够在原子水平上设计材料，从而发现新的导电材料，这可能会彻底改变电子行业。此外，导电电子的研究在超导体领域也至关重要。超导体是指在非常低的温度下能够无阻力导电的材料。这一现象是由于导电电子的配对，使它们能够在材料中无障碍地移动，而不受杂质或晶格振动的干扰。这一特性对电力传输和磁悬浮技术具有重要意义。总之，导电电子是我们理解材料电导率的基础。它们在物质中自由移动的能力决定了材料是作为导体、绝缘体还是半导体。随着技术的不断进步，操纵导电电子无疑将在塑造电子学和材料科学的未来中发挥关键作用。通过利用这些电子的独特特性，我们可以开发出创新的解决方案，来应对一些全球最迫切的挑战，为更加互联和技术先进的社会铺平道路。