cloud chamber

简明释义

云室

英英释义

例句

1.When the vapor cooled, droplets formed in the cloud chamber 云室, revealing the particle's trajectory.

当蒸汽冷却时，云室 cloud chamber中形成了水滴，显示出粒子的轨迹。

2.Using a cloud chamber 云室, we can visualize the paths of ionizing radiation.

使用云室 cloud chamber，我们可以可视化电离辐射的路径。

3.The cloud chamber 云室 is an essential tool in particle physics for detecting cosmic rays.

在粒子物理学中，云室 cloud chamber是探测宇宙射线的重要工具。

4.The physicist observed the particles' trails in the cloud chamber 云室 during the experiment.

物理学家在实验中观察到粒子在云室 cloud chamber中的轨迹。

5.Students learned about radiation by observing events in a cloud chamber 云室 during their physics lab.

学生们在物理实验室中通过观察云室 cloud chamber中的事件来学习辐射。

作文

The cloud chamber is a fascinating device used in the field of particle physics to visualize the paths of charged particles. Invented in the early 20th century by Scottish physicist Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, the cloud chamber has played a crucial role in advancing our understanding of atomic and subatomic processes. The basic principle behind a cloud chamber involves creating a supersaturated vapor of alcohol or water in a sealed environment. When charged particles, such as electrons or alpha particles, pass through this vapor, they ionize the surrounding molecules, leaving behind a trail of ions. These ions serve as nucleation sites for the vapor, leading to the formation of tiny droplets that reveal the path of the particle as a visible track.One of the most significant aspects of the cloud chamber is its ability to provide visual evidence of the existence of particles that are otherwise invisible to the naked eye. For example, during experiments conducted in a cloud chamber, scientists have been able to observe the tracks left by cosmic rays, which are high-energy particles originating from outer space. This observation not only confirms the presence of these elusive particles but also allows researchers to study their properties and interactions with matter.Moreover, the cloud chamber has historical importance in the field of physics. It was instrumental in the discovery of the positron, the antiparticle of the electron, by Carl Anderson in 1932. Anderson's work using the cloud chamber earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics, highlighting the device's significance in scientific advancements. By capturing the behavior of particles in real-time, the cloud chamber has provided invaluable insights into the fundamental laws governing the universe.In addition to its scientific applications, the cloud chamber has also captured the imagination of many. Its mesmerizing displays of particle trails have made it a popular exhibit in science museums around the world. Visitors are often amazed to see how invisible particles can create beautiful patterns in the vapor, making complex scientific concepts more accessible and engaging. This aspect of the cloud chamber serves as a bridge between science and art, inspiring future generations to explore the wonders of physics.Despite its many advantages, the cloud chamber is not without limitations. It requires specific conditions to operate effectively, such as maintaining a low temperature and ensuring a steady supply of vapor. Additionally, while it can visualize charged particles, it is less effective for neutral particles, which do not leave a track in the vapor. Nevertheless, advancements in technology have led to the development of more sophisticated detectors, complementing the cloud chamber in modern research.In conclusion, the cloud chamber is a remarkable instrument that has significantly contributed to our understanding of particle physics. Its ability to visualize the paths of charged particles has provided crucial insights into the nature of matter and energy. From its historical significance in discovering new particles to its role in educating the public about science, the cloud chamber remains an essential tool in the physicist's arsenal. As we continue to explore the mysteries of the universe, the cloud chamber will undoubtedly continue to inspire curiosity and innovation in the field of science.

云室是一个迷人的设备，用于粒子物理学领域，以可视化带电粒子的路径。由苏格兰物理学家查尔斯·汤姆森·里斯·威尔逊在20世纪初发明，云室在推动我们对原子和亚原子过程的理解方面发挥了至关重要的作用。云室的基本原理是，在密闭环境中创建过饱和的酒精或水蒸气。当带电粒子（如电子或α粒子）穿过这种蒸气时，它们会使周围的分子电离，留下离子轨迹。这些离子作为蒸气的成核位点，导致微小液滴的形成，从而揭示粒子的路径，形成可见的轨迹。云室最显著的特点之一是它能够提供粒子存在的视觉证据，这些粒子在肉眼下是看不见的。例如，在云室中进行的实验中，科学家们能够观察到宇宙射线留下的轨迹，这些高能粒子源自外太空。这一观察不仅证实了这些难以捉摸的粒子的存在，还使研究人员能够研究它们的性质及其与物质的相互作用。此外，云室在物理学领域具有历史重要性。它在1932年卡尔·安德森发现正电子（电子的反粒子）方面发挥了重要作用。安德森利用云室的工作为他赢得了诺贝尔物理学奖，突显了该设备在科学进步中的重要性。通过实时捕捉粒子的行为，云室提供了对宇宙基本法则的宝贵见解。除了科学应用，云室也吸引了许多人的想象。它令人着迷的粒子轨迹展示使其成为世界各地科学博物馆的热门展品。参观者常常惊讶于看不见的粒子如何在蒸气中创造出美丽的图案，使复杂的科学概念更加易于理解和引人入胜。云室的这一特性充当了科学与艺术之间的桥梁，激励未来几代人探索物理学的奇迹。尽管有许多优点，云室并非没有局限性。它需要特定条件才能有效运行，例如保持低温和确保稳定的蒸气供应。此外，虽然它可以可视化带电粒子，但对于中性粒子则效果较差，因为中性粒子不会在蒸气中留下轨迹。尽管如此，技术的进步导致了更复杂的探测器的发展，补充了现代研究中的云室。总之，云室是一种卓越的仪器，对我们理解粒子物理学做出了重大贡献。它可视化带电粒子的路径的能力为我们对物质和能量的本质提供了关键见解。从其在发现新粒子方面的历史重要性到其在教育公众科学方面的作用，云室仍然是物理学家工具箱中的重要工具。随着我们继续探索宇宙的奥秘，云室无疑将继续激发对科学领域的好奇心和创新。