charge carrier

简明释义

电荷载体

英英释义

例句

1.The movement of ions in electrolytes is crucial for the performance of 电荷载流子 in batteries.

在电池中，电解质中离子的移动对电荷载流子的性能至关重要。

2.The efficiency of a solar panel heavily depends on the mobility of 电荷载流子 it generates.

太阳能电池板的效率在很大程度上取决于它所产生的电荷载流子的迁移率。

3.In a metal conductor, both electrons and holes can serve as 电荷载流子.

在金属导体中，电子和空穴都可以作为电荷载流子。

4.In semiconductors, electrons act as a primary 电荷载流子 that facilitates electrical conduction.

在半导体中，电子作为主要的电荷载流子，促进电流的导通。

5.Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity by generating 电荷载流子 within their layers.

光伏电池通过在其层内产生电荷载流子将阳光转化为电能。

作文

In the world of physics and electrical engineering, the concept of a charge carrier is fundamental to understanding how electric currents flow through materials. A charge carrier refers to any particle or entity that carries an electric charge. This can include electrons, holes (which are essentially the absence of an electron in a semiconductor), ions, and other charged particles. The study of charge carriers is crucial for the development of various technologies, including semiconductors, batteries, and even biological systems.To begin with, let’s delve into the role of electrons as charge carriers. In conductive materials, such as metals, electrons are the primary charge carriers. When a voltage is applied across a metal conductor, these free electrons move towards the positive terminal, creating an electric current. The efficiency of this current flow depends on the material's properties, such as its resistivity and temperature. Understanding how electrons behave as charge carriers allows engineers to design better electrical systems and devices.In contrast, semiconductors operate differently. In these materials, both electrons and holes act as charge carriers. When energy is supplied to a semiconductor, electrons can jump from the valence band to the conduction band, leaving behind holes. These holes can also move and act as positive charge carriers, allowing for the flow of current in a different manner compared to metals. This duality of charge carriers in semiconductors is what makes them incredibly useful in modern electronics, as they can be manipulated to create diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits.Moreover, in electrolytes, ions serve as charge carriers. For example, in a saltwater solution, sodium and chloride ions move towards electrodes when an electric field is applied, facilitating the flow of current. This ionic movement is essential for the functioning of batteries, where chemical reactions produce ions that act as charge carriers. The understanding of how ions function as charge carriers is vital for improving battery technology, which is increasingly important in our energy-driven world.Biological systems also rely on charge carriers. For instance, in nerve cells, ions such as sodium and potassium move across cell membranes to generate action potentials, which are essential for nerve signal transmission. This biological use of charge carriers illustrates the universal importance of the concept across various fields.In conclusion, the term charge carrier encompasses a variety of particles that facilitate the flow of electricity in different materials and systems. From metals to semiconductors and electrolytes, understanding charge carriers is key to advancing technology and improving our understanding of natural phenomena. As we continue to innovate and develop new technologies, the role of charge carriers will remain a cornerstone of electrical engineering and physics, paving the way for future discoveries and advancements.

在物理和电气工程的世界中，“电荷载体”这一概念是理解电流如何在材料中流动的基础。电荷载体指的是任何携带电荷的粒子或实体。这可以包括电子、孔（本质上是半导体中缺少的电子）、离子以及其他带电粒子。对电荷载体的研究对于各种技术的发展至关重要，包括半导体、电池，甚至生物系统。首先，我们来深入探讨电子作为电荷载体的角色。在导电材料中，如金属，电子是主要的电荷载体。当在金属导体上施加电压时，这些自由电子朝向正极移动，从而产生电流。这种电流流动的效率取决于材料的特性，例如其电阻率和温度。理解电子作为电荷载体的行为使工程师能够设计出更好的电气系统和设备。相比之下，半导体的工作方式则不同。在这些材料中，电子和孔都充当电荷载体。当能量提供给半导体时，电子可以从价带跃迁到导带，留下孔。这些孔也可以移动并充当正电荷载体，以不同的方式允许电流流动。半导体中电荷载体的这种双重性使其在现代电子产品中极为有用，因为它们可以被操控以创建二极管、晶体管和集成电路。此外，在电解质中，离子作为电荷载体。例如，在盐水溶液中，当施加电场时，钠离子和氯离子向电极移动，促进电流的流动。这种离子运动对于电池的功能至关重要，其中化学反应产生的离子作为电荷载体。理解离子作为电荷载体的功能对于改善电池技术至关重要，而这在我们日益依赖能源的世界中显得尤为重要。生物系统也依赖于电荷载体。例如，在神经细胞中，钠和钾等离子通过细胞膜的移动生成动作电位，这对于神经信号传递至关重要。这种生物学上的电荷载体使用展示了这一概念在各个领域的普遍重要性。总之，术语电荷载体涵盖了多种促进不同材料和系统中电流流动的粒子。从金属到半导体和电解质，理解电荷载体是推动技术进步和改善我们对自然现象理解的关键。随着我们继续创新和开发新技术，电荷载体的角色将始终是电气工程和物理学的基石，为未来的发现和进步铺平道路。