capture cross section determination

简明释义

俘获截面测定

英英释义

例句

1.Researchers presented their findings on the capture cross section determination 俘获截面测定 of isotopes at the conference.

研究人员在会议上展示了同位素的俘获截面测定结果。

2.Accurate capture cross section determination 俘获截面测定 is crucial for nuclear reactor design.

准确的俘获截面测定对于核反应堆设计至关重要。

3.The research team focused on the capture cross section determination 俘获截面测定 of neutron interactions with various materials.

研究小组专注于中子与各种材料相互作用的俘获截面测定。

4.The laboratory employed advanced techniques for capture cross section determination 俘获截面测定 of gamma rays.

实验室采用先进技术进行伽马射线的俘获截面测定。

5.In particle physics, capture cross section determination 俘获截面测定 helps in understanding fundamental interactions.

在粒子物理学中，俘获截面测定有助于理解基本相互作用。

作文

In the field of nuclear physics, the concept of capture cross section determination plays a vital role in understanding how atomic nuclei interact with incoming particles. The capture cross section determination refers to the measurement of the probability that a specific reaction will occur when a particle, such as a neutron, interacts with a target nucleus. This measurement is critical for various applications, including nuclear energy production, medical imaging, and radiation therapy. To grasp the importance of capture cross section determination, one must first understand what a cross section is. In physics, a cross section is a measure of the likelihood of a particular interaction between particles. It is typically expressed in units of area, providing a way to visualize the effective size of a target nucleus as seen by an incoming particle. The larger the cross section, the greater the probability that the particle will interact with the nucleus. The process of capture cross section determination involves several experimental techniques. One common method is to use neutron sources to bombard a sample of a target material. By measuring the number of neutrons that are captured by the nuclei in the sample, researchers can calculate the capture cross section. Another technique involves using particle accelerators to produce high-energy particles that collide with target nuclei. The resulting reactions are analyzed to determine the capture probabilities. Accurate capture cross section determination is essential for the design and optimization of nuclear reactors. For instance, understanding how different isotopes behave under neutron bombardment allows engineers to select appropriate materials for fuel and shielding. Furthermore, this knowledge helps in predicting the behavior of nuclear materials under various operational conditions, ensuring safety and efficiency in energy production. Beyond energy production, capture cross section determination is also crucial in the medical field. Techniques like neutron capture therapy rely on the precise understanding of how certain cancer cells absorb neutrons. By knowing the capture cross sections of different materials, medical professionals can tailor treatments to maximize the destruction of malignant cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Moreover, capture cross section determination contributes to advancements in scientific research. It provides insights into fundamental interactions at the atomic level, enhancing our understanding of nuclear structure and behavior. This information is not only vital for theoretical physicists but also for applied scientists working on practical applications in various industries. In conclusion, the concept of capture cross section determination is integral to nuclear physics and its applications. By measuring the probability of nuclear reactions, scientists can make informed decisions in energy production, medical treatments, and scientific research. As technology advances, the methods for determining capture cross sections continue to evolve, promising even greater accuracy and applicability in the future. Understanding and mastering the principles behind capture cross section determination will undoubtedly lead to significant advancements in both theoretical and applied sciences.

在核物理领域，概念捕获截面测定在理解原子核如何与入射粒子相互作用方面发挥着至关重要的作用。捕获截面测定是指测量当粒子（如中子）与目标核相互作用时特定反应发生的概率。这一测量对于各种应用至关重要，包括核能生产、医学成像和放射治疗。要理解捕获截面测定的重要性，首先必须了解什么是截面。在物理学中，截面是粒子之间特定相互作用可能性的度量。它通常以面积单位表示，提供了一种可视化入射粒子所看到的目标核有效大小的方法。截面越大，粒子与核相互作用的概率就越大。捕获截面测定的过程涉及几种实验技术。一种常见的方法是使用中子源轰击目标材料样本。通过测量被样本中的核捕获的中子数量，研究人员可以计算出捕获截面。另一种技术涉及使用粒子加速器产生高能粒子，与目标核发生碰撞。分析由此产生的反应以确定捕获概率。准确的捕获截面测定对于核反应堆的设计和优化至关重要。例如，了解不同同位素在中子轰击下的行为可以帮助工程师选择适当的燃料和屏蔽材料。此外，这些知识有助于预测核材料在各种操作条件下的行为，从而确保能源生产的安全性和效率。除了能源生产，捕获截面测定在医学领域也至关重要。中子捕获疗法等技术依赖于对某些癌细胞吸收中子的精确理解。通过了解不同材料的捕获截面，医疗专业人员可以定制治疗方案，以最大限度地破坏恶性细胞，同时最小化对健康组织的损害。此外，捕获截面测定有助于科学研究的进步。它提供了对原子级基本相互作用的见解，增强了我们对核结构和行为的理解。这些信息不仅对理论物理学家至关重要，对从事各行业实际应用的应用科学家同样重要。总之，捕获截面测定的概念是核物理及其应用的核心。通过测量核反应的概率，科学家可以在能源生产、医学治疗和科学研究中做出明智的决策。随着技术的进步，确定捕获截面的方法也在不断演变，未来将带来更大的准确性和适用性。理解和掌握捕获截面测定背后的原理无疑将推动理论和应用科学的重大进步。