atomic lattice

简明释义

原子栅格

英英释义

例句

1.In solid-state physics, the properties of materials are often explained in terms of their atomic lattice configurations.

在固态物理学中，材料的性质通常通过它们的原子晶格构型来解释。

2.The structure of the crystal is determined by the arrangement of its atomic lattice, which refers to the periodic array of atoms in three-dimensional space.

晶体的结构由其原子晶格的排列决定，后者指的是三维空间中原子的周期性排列。

3.Researchers are studying how different temperatures influence the stability of the atomic lattice in metals.

研究人员正在研究不同温度如何影响金属中原子晶格的稳定性。

4.The atomic lattice of diamond contributes to its exceptional hardness and thermal conductivity.

原子晶格的结构使得钻石具有卓越的硬度和热导率。

5.The defects in the atomic lattice can significantly affect the electrical conductivity of semiconductors.

缺陷在原子晶格中可以显著影响半导体的电导率。

作文

The concept of an atomic lattice is fundamental in the field of materials science and solid-state physics. An atomic lattice refers to a regular, repeating arrangement of atoms in a crystalline solid. This structure is not only essential for understanding the properties of materials but also plays a crucial role in various technological applications, such as semiconductors, superconductors, and nanotechnology. In essence, the atomic lattice determines many physical properties of a material, including its strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal properties. For example, metals typically have a face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic atomic lattice, which allows them to conduct electricity efficiently due to the presence of free electrons. In contrast, insulators like diamond have a tetrahedral atomic lattice that restricts electron movement, making them poor conductors of electricity.Moreover, the arrangement of atoms within the atomic lattice can influence how materials respond to external forces. When stress is applied to a material, the atomic lattice may deform, leading to phenomena such as plasticity or brittleness. Understanding the behavior of the atomic lattice under different conditions is crucial for engineers and scientists who aim to design materials with specific properties.The study of atomic lattices also extends to the investigation of defects within these structures. Defects can occur in the form of vacancies, interstitials, or dislocations, and they can significantly impact the mechanical and electrical properties of materials. For instance, the presence of dislocations in a metal's atomic lattice can enhance its ductility, allowing it to be shaped without breaking. On the other hand, the presence of vacancies can lead to reduced strength in certain materials.Another interesting aspect of atomic lattices is their role in phase transitions. As temperature changes, the arrangement of atoms within the atomic lattice can alter, leading to different phases of the material, such as solid, liquid, or gas. For example, the transition from ice to water involves a change in the atomic lattice structure, which is responsible for the unique properties of water compared to its solid form.In recent years, advancements in technology have allowed scientists to manipulate atomic lattices at the nanoscale. Techniques such as atomic layer deposition and molecular beam epitaxy enable the precise control of atomic lattices to create materials with tailored properties. This level of control has opened up new possibilities in fields like quantum computing and advanced electronics, where the performance of devices is highly dependent on the properties of their atomic lattices.In conclusion, the atomic lattice is a critical concept that underpins much of modern materials science. Its influence on the properties and behavior of materials cannot be overstated. As research continues to explore the intricacies of atomic lattices, we can expect to see further innovations that leverage this foundational knowledge to develop new materials and technologies that will shape our future.

“原子晶格”这一概念在材料科学和固态物理学领域中至关重要。“原子晶格”指的是晶体固体中原子的规则、重复排列。这一结构不仅对理解材料的性质至关重要，还在半导体、超导体和纳米技术等各种技术应用中发挥着关键作用。从本质上讲，“原子晶格”决定了材料的许多物理特性，包括其强度、电导率和热性能。例如，金属通常具有面心立方或体心立方的“原子晶格”，这使得它们能够有效地导电，因为存在自由电子。相比之下，像钻石这样的绝缘体具有四面体“原子晶格”，限制了电子的运动，使其成为电的差导体。此外，“原子晶格”的原子排列可以影响材料对外力的响应。当对材料施加应力时，“原子晶格”可能会变形，导致塑性或脆性等现象。理解“原子晶格”在不同条件下的行为对于工程师和科学家来说至关重要，他们旨在设计具有特定性质的材料。对“原子晶格”的研究还扩展到对这些结构内缺陷的调查。缺陷可以表现为空位、间隙原子或位错，它们可以显著影响材料的机械和电气特性。例如，金属“原子晶格”中位错的存在可以增强其延展性，使其在不破裂的情况下被成型。另一方面，空位的存在可能导致某些材料的强度降低。“原子晶格”的另一个有趣方面是它们在相变中的作用。随着温度的变化，“原子晶格”内的原子排列可能会改变，导致材料的不同相态，如固态、液态或气态。例如，从冰到水的转变涉及“原子晶格”结构的变化，这也是水与其固态形式相比具有独特性质的原因。近年来，技术的进步使科学家能够在纳米尺度上操控“原子晶格”。原子层沉积和分子束外延等技术使得对“原子晶格”的精确控制成为可能，以创造具有特定性质的材料。这种控制水平为量子计算和先进电子学等领域开辟了新的可能性，在这些领域中，设备的性能高度依赖于其“原子晶格”的性质。总之，“原子晶格”是现代材料科学的一个关键概念。它对材料的性质和行为的影响不可低估。随着研究继续探索“原子晶格”的复杂性，我们可以期待看到进一步的创新，利用这一基础知识开发新材料和技术，塑造我们的未来。