activation energy

简明释义

激活能

英英释义

例句

1.The activation energy for this reaction is quite high, which makes it slow.

这个反应的活化能相当高，这使得反应速度较慢。

2.The chemical reaction requires a certain amount of activation energy to proceed.

这个化学反应需要一定量的活化能才能进行。

3.In order to ignite the fuel, you must overcome its activation energy.

为了点燃燃料，你必须克服它的活化能。

4.Enzymes work by reducing the activation energy of biochemical reactions.

酶通过降低生化反应的活化能来发挥作用。

5.Increasing the temperature can lower the activation energy needed for the reaction.

提高温度可以降低反应所需的活化能。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, the concept of activation energy plays a crucial role in understanding how reactions occur. Activation energy (活化能) is defined as the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to take place. This energy barrier must be overcome for reactants to transform into products. Without sufficient activation energy, even the most reactive substances would remain inert at room temperature, highlighting the importance of this concept in both theoretical and practical applications.To illustrate the significance of activation energy, consider a simple example: the combustion of wood. When wood burns, it reacts with oxygen in the air, producing heat and light. However, before the reaction can begin, the wood must reach a certain temperature to provide enough activation energy. This is often achieved by striking a match or using a lighter. The initial flame provides the necessary energy to break the bonds in the wood, allowing the combustion reaction to proceed. Once the reaction starts, it releases heat, which can sustain the reaction without additional energy input, demonstrating the concept of exothermic reactions.The idea of activation energy is not limited to combustion; it is also vital in biological processes. Enzymes, which are biological catalysts, lower the activation energy required for biochemical reactions. By providing an alternative pathway for the reaction, enzymes enable metabolic processes to occur at significantly lower temperatures than would otherwise be possible. For instance, in the human body, the enzyme amylase helps break down starch into sugars. Without this enzyme, the activation energy needed for the reaction would be too high, and our bodies would struggle to extract energy from carbohydrates efficiently.Furthermore, the concept of activation energy extends beyond chemistry and biology into various fields such as materials science and engineering. In these areas, understanding how to manipulate activation energy can lead to the development of new materials with desirable properties. For example, in the production of polymers, controlling the activation energy can influence the rate at which the polymerization process occurs, ultimately affecting the material's strength and flexibility.In conclusion, activation energy (活化能) is a fundamental concept that underpins many processes in chemistry, biology, and materials science. It represents the energy barrier that must be overcome for reactions to occur, influencing everything from the burning of wood to the functioning of enzymes in the human body. By understanding and manipulating activation energy, scientists and engineers can innovate and improve processes that are essential to our daily lives. As we continue to explore the intricacies of chemical reactions and their applications, the role of activation energy will undoubtedly remain a key focus of study and research.

在化学领域，活化能的概念在理解反应如何发生时起着至关重要的作用。活化能被定义为化学反应发生所需的最小能量。在反应物转变为产物之前，必须克服这个能量障碍。没有足够的活化能，即使是最具反应性的物质在室温下也会保持惰性，这突显了这一概念在理论和实际应用中的重要性。为了说明活化能的重要性，考虑一个简单的例子：木材的燃烧。当木材燃烧时，它与空气中的氧气反应，产生热量和光。然而，在反应开始之前，木材必须达到一定的温度，以提供足够的活化能。这通常通过划火柴或使用打火机来实现。初始火焰提供了必要的能量以打破木材中的键，从而允许燃烧反应进行。一旦反应开始，它释放出热量，可以在不需要额外能量输入的情况下维持反应，展示了放热反应的概念。活化能的概念不仅限于燃烧；它在生物过程中也至关重要。酶是生物催化剂，降低了生化反应所需的活化能。通过提供反应的替代路径，酶使得代谢过程能够在比正常情况下低得多的温度下发生。例如，在人类体内，酶淀粉酶帮助将淀粉分解为糖。如果没有这种酶，反应所需的活化能将过高，我们的身体将难以有效地从碳水化合物中提取能量。此外，活化能的概念超越了化学和生物学，扩展到材料科学和工程等各个领域。在这些领域，理解如何操控活化能可以导致开发出具有理想特性的材料。例如，在聚合物的生产中，控制活化能可以影响聚合过程发生的速率，最终影响材料的强度和灵活性。总之，活化能是一个基本概念，支撑着化学、生物学和材料科学中的许多过程。它代表了必须克服的能量障碍，影响从木材燃烧到人体内酶功能的方方面面。通过理解和操控活化能，科学家和工程师可以创新和改善对我们日常生活至关重要的过程。随着我们继续探索化学反应及其应用的复杂性，活化能的角色无疑将继续成为研究和学习的重点。