diallel cross

简明释义

双列杂交

英英释义

例句

1.The results from the diallel cross 全交叉 indicated that some traits were dominant over others.

来自diallel cross 全交叉的结果表明，一些性状对其他性状具有显性。

2.A diallel cross 全交叉 can help in predicting the performance of hybrid plants in agricultural settings.

一个diallel cross 全交叉可以帮助预测杂交植物在农业环境中的表现。

3.In our genetics lab, we performed a diallel cross 全交叉 to study the inheritance patterns of flower color.

在我们的遗传学实验室，我们进行了一个diallel cross 全交叉以研究花色的遗传模式。

4.By analyzing the data from the diallel cross 全交叉, we identified several key genes responsible for disease resistance.

通过分析来自diallel cross 全交叉的数据，我们识别出几个与抗病性相关的关键基因。

5.The researchers used a diallel cross 全交叉 to explore the genetic diversity among different maize varieties.

研究人员使用diallel cross 全交叉来探索不同玉米品种之间的遗传多样性。

作文

In the field of genetics, understanding the inheritance patterns of traits is crucial for both research and practical applications. One of the most important techniques used to study these inheritance patterns is the diallel cross, a method that allows researchers to analyze the genetic contributions of multiple parents to their offspring. A diallel cross involves crossing several different strains or lines with one another, which provides valuable insights into the genetic architecture of traits. This technique can be particularly useful in plant breeding, where the goal is often to combine desirable traits from various parent plants to produce superior offspring.The concept of a diallel cross was first introduced by the renowned geneticist George W. Beadle in the early 20th century. Since then, it has become a foundational method in quantitative genetics. By performing a diallel cross, researchers can evaluate the effects of both additive and non-additive gene interactions on the traits being studied. Additive effects refer to the cumulative impact of individual alleles, while non-additive effects include phenomena such as dominance and epistasis, where the interaction between genes can influence the expression of traits.One significant advantage of using a diallel cross is that it allows for the estimation of genetic variances and heritability. Heritability is a measure of how much of the variation in a trait can be attributed to genetic differences among individuals. Understanding heritability can help breeders make informed decisions about which parental lines to use in their breeding programs. By analyzing the results of a diallel cross, researchers can identify which combinations of parents yield the best offspring, thus optimizing the breeding process.Moreover, a diallel cross can also reveal information about the specific genes involved in controlling certain traits. For example, in crop improvement programs, knowing which genes contribute to disease resistance or drought tolerance can guide the selection of parent lines that will produce resilient varieties. This targeted approach not only enhances the efficiency of breeding programs but also accelerates the development of new cultivars that are better suited to changing environmental conditions.Despite its advantages, there are challenges associated with conducting a diallel cross. One of the main difficulties lies in the complexity of analyzing the data generated from such crosses. The large number of potential combinations can lead to intricate statistical analyses, requiring sophisticated software and expertise in quantitative genetics. Additionally, environmental factors can influence the expression of traits, making it essential to conduct experiments in controlled conditions to obtain reliable results.In conclusion, the diallel cross is a powerful tool in the geneticist's arsenal, providing critical insights into the inheritance of traits and aiding in the development of improved plant varieties. By allowing researchers to dissect the genetic contributions of multiple parents, the diallel cross enhances our understanding of complex traits and supports advancements in agricultural practices. As we continue to face challenges such as climate change and food security, the role of genetic techniques like the diallel cross will be increasingly important in ensuring sustainable agricultural productivity.

在遗传学领域，理解性状的遗传模式对研究和实际应用至关重要。用于研究这些遗传模式的最重要技术之一是杂交组合，这是一种允许研究人员分析多个父本对其后代的遗传贡献的方法。杂交组合涉及将几个不同的品系或品种相互交叉，这为我们提供了对性状遗传结构的有价值的见解。这一技术在植物育种中特别有用，因为其目标通常是将来自各种亲本植物的优良性状结合起来，以产生优质后代。杂交组合的概念最早是由著名遗传学家乔治·W·比德尔在20世纪初提出的。从那时起，它已成为定量遗传学的基础方法。通过进行杂交组合，研究人员可以评估加性和非加性基因相互作用对所研究性状的影响。加性效应是指个别等位基因的累积影响，而非加性效应则包括显性和上位性等现象，其中基因之间的相互作用可能影响性状的表现。使用杂交组合的一个显著优势是它可以估计遗传方差和遗传力。遗传力是衡量性状变异中有多少可以归因于个体之间的遗传差异。理解遗传力可以帮助育种者就其育种计划中使用哪些父本做出明智的决定。通过分析杂交组合的结果，研究人员可以识别出哪些父母组合能产生最佳后代，从而优化育种过程。此外，杂交组合还可以揭示参与控制某些性状的特定基因的信息。例如，在作物改良项目中，了解哪些基因对抗病虫害或耐旱性有贡献，可以指导选择能够生产出更具韧性的品种的亲本。这种有针对性的方式不仅提高了育种程序的效率，还加速了新栽培品种的开发，使其更适应不断变化的环境条件。尽管有其优势，进行杂交组合也面临挑战。其中一个主要困难在于分析由此类交叉产生的数据的复杂性。大量潜在组合可能导致复杂的统计分析，需要复杂的软件和定量遗传学方面的专业知识。此外，环境因素可能会影响性状的表现，因此在受控条件下进行实验以获得可靠结果是至关重要的。总之，杂交组合是遗传学家武器库中的一种强大工具，为我们提供了对性状遗传的关键见解，并有助于改进植物品种的发展。通过允许研究人员剖析多个父本的遗传贡献，杂交组合增强了我们对复杂性状的理解，并支持农业实践的进步。随着我们继续面临气候变化和粮食安全等挑战，像杂交组合这样的遗传技术将在确保可持续农业生产力方面变得越来越重要。