parol evidence

简明释义

口头证明

英英释义

例句

1.The judge ruled that the contract was clear and did not allow for any parol evidence 口头证据 to be introduced.

法官裁定合同明确，不允许引入任何parol evidence 口头证据。

2.The court found that the parol evidence 口头证据 presented by the plaintiff was insufficient to alter the terms of the contract.

法院发现原告提供的parol evidence 口头证据不足以改变合同条款。

3.Lawyers often advise clients to avoid relying on parol evidence 口头证据 when drafting contracts.

律师通常建议客户在起草合同时避免依赖于parol evidence 口头证据。

4.During the trial, the defendant attempted to use parol evidence 口头证据 to support his claims, but the judge rejected it.

在审判期间，被告试图使用parol evidence 口头证据来支持他的主张，但法官拒绝了。

5.In this case, the parol evidence 口头证据 was deemed inadmissible because it contradicted the written agreement.

在这个案例中，parol evidence 口头证据 被认为不可接受，因为它与书面协议相矛盾。

作文

In the realm of contract law, the concept of parol evidence plays a crucial role in determining the intentions of the parties involved in an agreement. To understand parol evidence, we must first recognize that it refers to any oral or written statements that are not included in the final written contract. This evidence can be crucial in interpreting the terms and conditions of a contract, especially when disputes arise regarding its meaning. The parol evidence rule generally prohibits the introduction of such evidence if the written contract is deemed to be a complete and final expression of the parties' agreement.The significance of the parol evidence rule lies in its ability to promote certainty and stability in contractual relationships. When parties enter into a contract, they often invest time and resources into negotiating the terms. The written contract serves as the definitive record of their agreement, thus minimizing the potential for misunderstandings. If courts were to allow parol evidence to alter or contradict the written terms, it could lead to endless disputes and undermine the reliability of written contracts.However, there are exceptions to the parol evidence rule. For instance, if a party can demonstrate that the written contract is ambiguous or incomplete, courts may permit parol evidence to clarify the parties' intentions. Additionally, if fraud, duress, or mistake influenced the formation of the contract, parol evidence may be admissible to show the true circumstances surrounding the agreement. This flexibility ensures that justice is served and that the true intentions of the parties are honored.In practice, the application of the parol evidence rule can vary significantly depending on jurisdiction and specific case circumstances. Courts will often analyze the context in which the contract was formed, including pre-contractual negotiations and communications between the parties. This analysis helps determine whether the written contract truly reflects the parties' intentions or if external factors should be considered.Furthermore, understanding parol evidence is essential for individuals and businesses involved in drafting contracts. Parties should be mindful of the language used in their agreements and ensure that all critical terms are explicitly stated in the written document. By doing so, they can mitigate the risk of disputes arising from the introduction of parol evidence later on.In conclusion, the concept of parol evidence is fundamental in contract law, serving to uphold the integrity of written agreements while also allowing for necessary exceptions. As individuals and businesses navigate the complexities of contractual relationships, a solid grasp of parol evidence can aid in preventing misunderstandings and ensuring that agreements are honored as intended. Ultimately, the balance between respecting the written word and acknowledging the nuances of human interaction is what makes contract law both challenging and fascinating.

在合同法的领域中，parol evidence的概念在确定合同各方的意图方面发挥着至关重要的作用。要理解parol evidence，我们首先必须认识到它指的是任何未包含在最终书面合同中的口头或书面陈述。这种证据在解释合同的条款和条件时可能至关重要，特别是在出现争议时。一般来说，parol evidence规则禁止引入此类证据，如果书面合同被视为各方协议的完整和最终表达。parol evidence规则的重要性在于它能够促进合同关系的确定性和稳定性。当各方签订合同时，他们通常会投入时间和资源来协商条款。书面合同作为他们协议的明确记录，从而最小化误解的潜力。如果法院允许parol evidence改变或与书面条款相矛盾，这可能导致无尽的争议，并破坏书面合同的可靠性。然而，parol evidence规则有例外。例如，如果一方能够证明书面合同模糊或不完整，法院可能允许parol evidence来澄清各方的意图。此外，如果欺诈、胁迫或错误影响了合同的形成，则可以接受parol evidence以显示围绕协议的真实情况。这种灵活性确保了公正的实现，并尊重各方的真实意图。在实践中，parol evidence规则的适用可能因管辖区和具体案件情况而异。法院通常会分析合同形成的背景，包括合同前的谈判和各方之间的沟通。这种分析有助于确定书面合同是否真正反映了各方的意图，还是外部因素应予考虑。此外，理解parol evidence对参与起草合同的个人和企业至关重要。各方应注意其协议中使用的语言，并确保所有关键条款在书面文件中明确说明。通过这样做，他们可以降低稍后引入parol evidence所引发争议的风险。总之，parol evidence的概念在合同法中是基础性的，既维护书面协议的完整性，又允许必要的例外。当个人和企业在复杂的合同关系中航行时，对parol evidence的深刻理解可以帮助防止误解，并确保协议如预期那样得到尊重。最终，尊重书面文字与承认人际互动的细微差别之间的平衡，使得合同法既具有挑战性又引人入胜。