coordination complex

简明释义

1. 配位化合物; 2. 配位络合物;

英英释义

例句

1.In the study of inorganic chemistry, a coordination complex is formed when a metal ion binds to surrounding ligands.

在无机化学研究中，配位复合物是金属离子与周围配体结合时形成的。

2.The coordination complex can significantly influence the properties of the metal ion involved.

配位复合物可以显著影响所涉及金属离子的性质。

3.The color of a coordination complex can change depending on the ligands attached to the metal ion.

配位复合物的颜色可能会根据附着在金属离子上的配体而变化。

4.A common example of a coordination complex is the formation of hemoglobin, which contains iron.

一个常见的配位复合物例子是血红蛋白的形成，其中含有铁。

5.Researchers are exploring how different ligands affect the stability of a coordination complex.

研究人员正在探索不同配体如何影响配位复合物的稳定性。

作文

In the field of chemistry, understanding the concept of a coordination complex is crucial for grasping the behavior of various metal ions in solution. A coordination complex is formed when a central metal atom or ion binds to surrounding molecules or ions, known as ligands. This interaction can significantly alter the properties of the metal, including its reactivity, color, and solubility. For example, the presence of different ligands can lead to the formation of complexes with distinct colors, which is often utilized in analytical chemistry to identify specific metal ions.The structure of a coordination complex can vary widely depending on the number and type of ligands attached to the central metal. Ligands can be classified as monodentate, bidentate, or polydentate based on the number of donor atoms they possess. Monodentate ligands, such as water or ammonia, attach through a single atom, whereas bidentate ligands, like ethylenediamine, can form two bonds with the metal. Polydentate ligands, also known as chelating agents, can create more stable complexes by wrapping around the metal ion, providing multiple points of attachment.One of the most common examples of a coordination complex is the complex formed between iron(III) ions and thiocyanate ions, resulting in the vivid red-colored complex known as iron(III) thiocyanate. This reaction is not only visually striking but also serves as a qualitative test for the presence of iron ions in a solution. The ability of ligands to stabilize certain oxidation states of metals is another important aspect of coordination complexes. For instance, in biological systems, hemoglobin acts as a coordination complex where iron is coordinated to a heme group, allowing it to effectively carry oxygen throughout the body.The study of coordination complexes extends beyond mere academic interest; it has practical applications in various fields, including medicine, environmental science, and materials science. In medicine, some drugs are designed as coordination complexes to enhance their efficacy and reduce toxicity. For example, cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug, is a platinum-based coordination complex that is effective in treating certain types of cancer. Its mechanism of action involves forming cross-links with DNA, thereby inhibiting cancer cell division.Environmental chemists also study coordination complexes to understand how metal ions interact with natural ligands in soil and water, affecting their mobility and bioavailability. This knowledge is essential for assessing the impact of heavy metal pollution and developing remediation strategies. Additionally, in materials science, coordination complexes are used to create new materials with specific properties, such as catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions or luminescent materials for displays.In conclusion, the concept of a coordination complex is fundamental in chemistry, influencing a wide range of scientific disciplines and practical applications. By studying these complexes, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of metals in various environments, leading to advancements in technology, healthcare, and environmental protection. Understanding coordination complexes not only enriches our knowledge of chemical interactions but also underscores the intricate connections between different areas of science, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary research in solving complex problems facing our world today.

在化学领域，理解配位复合物的概念对于掌握各种金属离子在溶液中的行为至关重要。配位复合物是在中心金属原子或离子与周围分子或离子（称为配体）结合时形成的。这种相互作用可以显著改变金属的性质，包括其反应性、颜色和溶解度。例如，不同配体的存在可以导致形成具有不同颜色的复合物，这通常用于分析化学中以识别特定金属离子。配位复合物的结构可以根据附着在中心金属上的配体的数量和类型而变化。配体可以根据它们所拥有的供体原子的数量被分类为单齿、双齿或多齿配体。单齿配体，如水或氨，通过单个原子附着，而双齿配体，如乙二胺，可以与金属形成两个键。多齿配体，也称为螯合剂，可以通过包裹金属离子来形成更稳定的复合物，提供多个附着点。一个最常见的配位复合物例子是铁(III)离子与硫氰酸根离子形成的复合物，产生鲜艳的红色复合物，称为铁(III)硫氰酸盐。这个反应不仅在视觉上引人注目，而且还作为检测溶液中铁离子存在的定性测试。配体稳定某些金属氧化态的能力是配位复合物的另一个重要方面。例如，在生物系统中，血红蛋白作为配位复合物，其中铁与血红素结合，使其能够有效地将氧气运输到全身。配位复合物的研究不仅仅是学术兴趣；它在医学、环境科学和材料科学等多个领域都有实际应用。在医学中，一些药物被设计为配位复合物以增强其疗效并减少毒性。例如，顺铂是一种基于铂的化疗药物，是一种有效治疗某些类型癌症的配位复合物。它的作用机制涉及与DNA形成交联，从而抑制癌细胞的分裂。环境化学家还研究配位复合物以了解金属离子如何与土壤和水中的天然配体相互作用，影响其迁移性和生物可利用性。这一知识对于评估重金属污染的影响和制定修复策略至关重要。此外，在材料科学中，配位复合物被用于创造具有特定性质的新材料，例如促进化学反应的催化剂或用于显示器的发光材料。总之，配位复合物的概念在化学中是基础性的，影响着广泛的科学学科和实际应用。通过研究这些复合物，科学家可以深入了解金属在各种环境中的行为，从而推动技术、医疗保健和环境保护的发展。理解配位复合物不仅丰富了我们对化学相互作用的知识，还强调了不同科学领域之间错综复杂的联系，突显了跨学科研究在解决当今世界面临的复杂问题中的重要性。