dipole-dipole force

简明释义

1. 偶极; 2. 偶极间力;

英英释义

例句

1.The interaction between polar molecules is primarily governed by the dipole-dipole force (偶极-偶极力), which affects their physical properties.

极性分子之间的相互作用主要受偶极-偶极力（偶极-偶极力）的影响，这会影响它们的物理性质。

2.Understanding the dipole-dipole force (偶极-偶极力) helps chemists predict molecular behavior in different environments.

理解偶极-偶极力（偶极-偶极力）有助于化学家预测分子在不同环境中的行为。

3.When studying molecular interactions, it is essential to consider the strength of the dipole-dipole force (偶极-偶极力).

在研究分子相互作用时，考虑偶极-偶极力（偶极-偶极力）的强度是至关重要的。

4.In liquid states, the dipole-dipole force (偶极-偶极力) plays a crucial role in determining boiling points.

在液态中，偶极-偶极力（偶极-偶极力）在决定沸点方面起着至关重要的作用。

5.The dipole-dipole force (偶极-偶极力) can lead to higher solubility of certain substances in polar solvents.

由于偶极-偶极力（偶极-偶极力），某些物质在极性溶剂中的溶解度可能更高。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, understanding the various types of intermolecular forces is crucial for grasping how substances interact with one another. One significant type of these forces is the dipole-dipole force, which plays a vital role in determining the properties of polar molecules. To comprehend this concept fully, we must first delve into what dipoles are and how they influence molecular interactions.A dipole occurs when there is a separation of positive and negative charges within a molecule, resulting in a positive end and a negative end. This polarity arises from differences in electronegativity between atoms in a covalent bond. For instance, in a water molecule (H₂O), oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, creating a dipole moment. The oxygen atom attracts the shared electrons more strongly, leading to a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the hydrogens.The dipole-dipole force refers to the attractive interaction between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another. This force is particularly significant in substances that consist of polar molecules, as it contributes to their physical properties such as boiling points, melting points, and solubility. For example, hydrogen chloride (HCl) exhibits strong dipole-dipole forces, which leads to its relatively high boiling point compared to nonpolar molecules of similar size.Moreover, the strength of dipole-dipole forces can vary depending on the magnitude of the dipole moments involved. Molecules with larger dipole moments will experience stronger attractions, thereby affecting their state at room temperature. This principle explains why some polar compounds are liquids while others may be gases under the same conditions.In addition to their significance in physical properties, dipole-dipole forces also play a critical role in biological systems. For instance, the structure and function of proteins depend heavily on these intermolecular interactions. The specific folding of proteins is influenced by the dipole-dipole forces between different amino acids, which can affect how proteins interact with other molecules in the body. This highlights the importance of understanding these forces not only in chemistry but also in biology and medicine.Furthermore, the presence of dipole-dipole forces can also impact the behavior of solutions. When polar solvents, such as water, dissolve ionic or polar solutes, the dipole-dipole forces between the solvent molecules and the solute molecules facilitate the dissolution process. This phenomenon is essential for various chemical reactions and biological processes, emphasizing the interconnectedness of these concepts.In conclusion, the dipole-dipole force is a fundamental concept in chemistry that illustrates the interactions between polar molecules. By understanding how these forces operate, we gain insights into the behavior of substances in different states, their solubility, and their roles in biological systems. As we continue to explore the intricacies of molecular interactions, the significance of dipole-dipole forces remains a pivotal area of study that bridges the gap between chemistry and biology, enhancing our comprehension of the molecular world around us.

在化学领域，理解各种类型的分子间力对于掌握物质之间的相互作用至关重要。其中一个重要的力是偶极-偶极力，它在决定极性分子的性质方面发挥着重要作用。为了充分理解这一概念，我们必须首先深入了解什么是偶极以及它们如何影响分子间的相互作用。偶极是在分子内部正负电荷分离的现象，导致分子的一端带有正电荷，而另一端带有负电荷。这种极性源于共价键中原子之间的电负性差异。例如，在水分子（H₂O）中，氧的电负性高于氢，从而产生了偶极矩。氧原子更强地吸引共享电子，导致氧带有部分负电荷，而氢则带有部分正电荷。偶极-偶极力是指一个极性分子的正端与另一个极性分子的负端之间的吸引相互作用。这种力量在由极性分子组成的物质中尤为重要，因为它对物质的物理性质，如沸点、熔点和溶解性等产生影响。例如，氯化氢（HCl）表现出强烈的偶极-偶极力，这导致其相较于相似大小的非极性分子具有较高的沸点。此外，偶极-偶极力的强度可能因涉及的偶极矩的大小而异。具有较大偶极矩的分子会经历更强的吸引力，从而影响它们在室温下的状态。这一原则解释了为什么某些极性化合物在相同条件下是液体而其他可能是气体。除了在物理性质中的重要性，偶极-偶极力在生物系统中也发挥着关键作用。例如，蛋白质的结构和功能在很大程度上依赖于这些分子间的相互作用。蛋白质的特定折叠受到不同氨基酸之间的偶极-偶极力的影响，这可以影响蛋白质与体内其他分子的相互作用。这突显了理解这些力的重要性，不仅在化学中，而且在生物学和医学中。此外，偶极-偶极力的存在还会影响溶液的行为。当极性溶剂（如水）溶解离子或极性溶质时，溶剂分子与溶质分子之间的偶极-偶极力促进了溶解过程。这一现象对于各种化学反应和生物过程至关重要，强调了这些概念之间的相互联系。总之，偶极-偶极力是化学中的一个基本概念，说明了极性分子之间的相互作用。通过理解这些力的运作方式，我们可以深入了解物质在不同状态下的行为、其溶解性及其在生物系统中的作用。随着我们继续探索分子相互作用的复杂性，偶极-偶极力的重要性仍然是一个关键研究领域，架起了化学与生物之间的桥梁，加深了我们对周围分子世界的理解。