antibodies

简明释义

英[/ˈæntɪˌbɒdiz/]美[/ˈæntɪˌbɑːdiz/]

n. [免疫]抗体（antibody 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Those same antibodies then destroy the insulinproducing cells in the pancreas.

这些相同的抗体然后毁灭胰腺里的那些生产胰岛素的细胞。

2.The human body is capable of generating over a trillion different antibodies.

人体可以产生超过一万亿个不同的抗体。

3.Tumour biopsies are placed on a microscope slide and stained with antibodies.

肿瘤切片被置于显微镜的载物台上，用抗体将其染色。

4.Another study looked at people who had anti-measles antibodies.

另外研究对产生麻疹抗体的人们进行观察。

5.Because human cells normally do not develop antibodies to components of their own cells, Colonno injected human cells into mice, which did produce an antibody to the common receptor.

由于人类细胞通常不会对自身细胞成分产生抗体，所以科隆诺将人类细胞注射到小鼠体内，小鼠确实会产生对普通受体的抗体。

6.But those antibodies do not totally prevent infection.

但是，那些抗体并不能完全预防感染。

7.The presence of antibodies indicates an immune response to a specific food.

出现抗体表示对某个个别的食物不会产生特殊反应。

8.It improves digestion and helps us develop antibodies.

水能促进消化并帮助我们产生抗体。

9.Blood tests can reveal the presence of antibodies (抗体) that indicate past infections.

血液测试可以显示出表明过去感染的抗体（抗体）的存在。

10.Doctors can test for antibodies (抗体) in your blood to determine if you have had a specific disease.

医生可以通过检测你血液中的抗体（抗体）来判断你是否曾经患过特定疾病。

11.After recovering from an illness, your body has antibodies (抗体) that help prevent future infections.

从疾病中恢复后，你的身体会产生抗体（抗体），帮助防止未来的感染。

12.Vaccines work by stimulating the body to produce antibodies (抗体) that can fight off infections.

疫苗通过刺激身体产生抗体（抗体）来抵御感染。

13.Certain diseases can weaken your immune system, reducing the production of antibodies (抗体).

某些疾病可能会削弱你的免疫系统，减少抗体（抗体）的产生。

作文

Antibodies play a crucial role in the immune system, acting as the body's defense mechanism against foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. These specialized proteins are produced by B-cells, a type of white blood cell, in response to the presence of antigens, which are substances that provoke an immune response. When an antigen enters the body, it is recognized by B-cells, which then proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells that secrete large quantities of antibodies. These antibodies can specifically bind to the antigen, marking it for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizing its harmful effects directly.The structure of an antibody is fascinating; it consists of four polypeptide chains, forming a Y-shaped molecule. The tips of the Y contain variable regions that are unique to each antibody, allowing them to recognize and bind to specific antigens. This specificity is vital for the immune system's ability to target a wide variety of pathogens while leaving the body's own cells unharmed.In addition to their role in fighting infections, antibodies are also essential in various medical applications. For instance, monoclonal antibodies, which are laboratory-made molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies, can be used in treatments for diseases such as cancer. They can be designed to target specific cancer cells, delivering drugs directly to the tumor while sparing healthy tissue. This targeted approach minimizes side effects and enhances the efficacy of the treatment.Moreover, antibodies are used in diagnostic tests, such as those for detecting the presence of infectious diseases. Tests that utilize antibodies can quickly identify whether a person has been exposed to a particular pathogen, enabling timely medical intervention. The development of rapid tests for diseases like COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of antibodies in public health.The study of antibodies has also led to significant advancements in vaccine development. Vaccines often work by introducing a harmless component of a pathogen (such as a protein) into the body, prompting the immune system to produce antibodies against it. This process prepares the immune system to respond more effectively if it encounters the actual pathogen in the future. As a result, vaccines have been instrumental in controlling and eradicating infectious diseases.In summary, antibodies (抗体) are vital components of the immune system, providing protection against infections and playing a key role in medical diagnostics and treatments. Their ability to specifically target antigens makes them invaluable in both therapeutic and preventative healthcare. As research continues to uncover the complexities of the immune system, the potential applications of antibodies (抗体) in medicine will likely expand, offering new hope for the treatment of various diseases.

抗体在免疫系统中发挥着至关重要的作用，作为身体抵御细菌和病毒等外来入侵者的防御机制。这些特殊的蛋白质由B细胞（一种白血球）生成，以应对抗原的存在，抗原是引发免疫反应的物质。当抗原进入体内时，B细胞会识别它，然后增殖并分化成分泌大量抗体的浆细胞。这些抗体可以特异性地结合抗原，标记其被其他免疫细胞销毁，或直接中和其有害效应。抗体的结构令人着迷；它由四条多肽链组成，形成一个Y形分子。Y的尖端包含独特的可变区，使每个抗体能够识别并结合特定的抗原。这种特异性对于免疫系统针对各种病原体而不伤害自身细胞的能力至关重要。除了在抵抗感染中的作用外，抗体在各种医学应用中也至关重要。例如，单克隆抗体是实验室制造的分子，旨在作为替代抗体，可用于治疗癌症等疾病。它们可以被设计为针对特定的癌细胞，将药物直接输送到肿瘤，同时保护健康组织。这种靶向方法最小化了副作用，并提高了治疗的有效性。此外，抗体还用于诊断测试，例如检测传染病的存在。利用抗体的测试可以迅速识别一个人是否接触过特定的病原体，从而实现及时的医疗干预。快速检测COVID-19等疾病的发展突显了抗体在公共卫生中的重要性。抗体的研究还导致了疫苗开发的重大进展。疫苗通常通过将病原体的无害成分（如蛋白质）引入体内，促使免疫系统产生针对它的抗体。这一过程使免疫系统在未来遇到实际病原体时能够更有效地反应。因此，疫苗在控制和消灭传染病方面发挥了重要作用。总之，抗体 (antibodies) 是免疫系统的重要组成部分，提供对感染的保护，并在医学诊断和治疗中发挥关键作用。它们特异性靶向抗原的能力使其在治疗和预防医疗中不可或缺。随着研究继续揭示免疫系统的复杂性，抗体 (antibodies) 在医学中的潜在应用可能会扩大，为各种疾病的治疗带来新的希望。