martingales

简明释义

英[ˈmɑːtɪŋɡeɪlz]美[ˈmɑrtɪnˌɡeɪlz]

马颔缰

[数]鞅（martingale 复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The four basic properties of mixed integrals for the continuous square integrable strong martingales are applied further to continuous martingales with orthogonal increments.

对连续的平方可积强鞅的混合积分的四个基本性质推广到对连续的正交增量鞅的混合积分的情形。

2.The quadratic variation and mixed integrals of the martingales with orthogonal increments are studied. The theorem for the existence of quadratic variation is proved.

研究了二参数正交增量鞅的平方变差和混合积分，证明了平方变差的存在定理。

3.In the end, the adaptive prediction algorithm is proved to be globally convergent by using the extended form of Martingales Convergence Theorem.

最后用鞅收敛定理的推广形式证明了这一自适应预测算法的全局收敛性。

4.Moreover we investigate the relations for Markov processes, martingales and stationary processes systematically.

此外，还系统地研究了马氏过程、鞅及平稳过程之间的关系。

5.The previsible stopping theorem of two-parameter strong martingales;

利用停线给出两指标强鞅停止的定义 。

6.It introduced complex martingales with continuous parameter and made a discussion for their properties.

引进连续参数复值鞅，并讨论其性质。

7.In this paper, We give a equal definition of strong stopping point, and obtain a stopping theorem for two-parameter martingales to strong stopping point.

本文给出了强停点的一个等价定义，得出了两参数鞅关于强停点的停止定理。

8.In probability theory, martingales are used to model fair games where future predictions do not depend on past outcomes.

在概率论中，martingales 用于模拟公平游戏，其中未来的预测不依赖于过去的结果。

9.Many statistical methods rely on the properties of martingales to make predictions.

许多统计方法依赖于 martingales 的性质来进行预测。

10.The concept of martingales is essential in financial mathematics for pricing options.

martingales 的概念在金融数学中对期权定价至关重要。

11.In finance, a strategy based on martingales assumes that the expected value of future returns is equal to the current value.

在金融中，基于 martingales 的策略假设未来回报的期望值等于当前值。

12.In a gambling scenario, using martingales can lead to significant losses if the player runs out of money.

在赌博场景中，如果玩家资金耗尽，使用 martingales 可能会导致重大损失。

作文

In the world of probability and gambling, the term martingales refers to a particular type of betting strategy that is often discussed among gamblers and mathematicians alike. A martingale system is based on the principle of doubling your bet after each loss, with the hope that eventually winning will recover all previous losses plus a profit equal to the original stake. This concept is intriguing because it combines elements of chance with a structured approach to betting, leading many to believe that they can outsmart the odds. However, the reality of martingales is much more complex and often leads to significant financial risk.To understand martingales, we must first delve into the mathematics behind them. The basic premise is simple: if you lose a bet, you double your next bet. For example, if you start with a $5 bet and lose, your next bet would be $10. If you lose again, you would bet $20, and so forth. The idea is that when you finally win, the payout will cover all previous losses. This strategy seems appealing, but it relies on the assumption that you will eventually win a bet, which is not guaranteed.One of the major flaws in the martingale strategy is the presence of betting limits imposed by casinos. Most gambling establishments have maximum bet limits that can prevent a player from continuing to double their bets indefinitely. For instance, if the maximum bet at a table is $500, and a player has lost several consecutive bets, they may find themselves unable to continue the martingale strategy effectively. This limitation can lead to catastrophic losses, as players may exhaust their bankroll before they have the chance to recover their losses.Additionally, the psychological aspect of gambling plays a significant role in the effectiveness of martingales. Many gamblers experience emotional highs and lows during their betting sessions. The pressure to recover losses can lead to irrational decision-making, causing players to deviate from their planned strategy. This emotional turmoil can result in larger bets than intended or abandoning the martingale system altogether in favor of chasing losses with even riskier bets.Another important consideration is the concept of the 'gambler's fallacy,' which is the belief that past events influence future outcomes in independent random events. Many gamblers mistakenly believe that after a series of losses, a win is 'due' to occur. This misconception can lead to an over-reliance on systems like martingales, as players think they are bound to win eventually. In reality, each spin of a roulette wheel or flip of a coin is independent, and previous outcomes do not affect future results.In conclusion, while martingales may seem like a logical approach to betting, they are fraught with risks and limitations. The mathematical principles behind them do not guarantee success, and the psychological factors involved in gambling can lead to poor decision-making. For those who enjoy gambling, it is essential to approach strategies like martingales with caution and an understanding of the inherent risks involved. Ultimately, responsible gambling should be prioritized, with an emphasis on enjoyment rather than solely on profit. Understanding the limitations of martingales can help individuals make better decisions and avoid the pitfalls that come with this popular betting strategy.

在概率和赌博的世界中，术语martingales指的是一种特定的投注策略，这在赌徒和数学家之间都常常被讨论。martingale系统基于在每次失利后加倍投注的原则，希望最终的胜利能弥补所有先前的损失，并获得与原始赌注相等的利润。这个概念令人着迷，因为它将偶然性与结构化的投注方法结合在一起，导致许多人相信他们可以智胜赔率。然而，martingales的现实要复杂得多，往往会导致显著的财务风险。要理解martingales，我们首先必须深入了解其背后的数学原理。基本前提很简单：如果你输掉了一场赌注，你就加倍你的下一场赌注。例如，如果你以5美元开始下注并输了，你的下一场赌注将是10美元。如果你再次输掉，你将下注20美元，依此类推。这个想法是，当你最终获胜时，支付将覆盖所有之前的损失。这种策略似乎很有吸引力，但它依赖于一个假设，即你最终会赢得一场赌注，这并不是保证的。martingale策略的一个主要缺陷是赌场施加的投注限制。大多数赌博场所都有最高投注限额，这可能会阻止玩家无限期地继续加倍投注。例如，如果某个桌子的最高投注为500美元，而玩家已经连续输了几场赌注，他们可能会发现自己无法有效地继续martingale策略。这种限制可能导致灾难性的损失，因为玩家可能在有机会弥补损失之前就耗尽了他们的资金。此外，赌博的心理因素在martingales的有效性中也起着重要作用。许多赌徒在投注期间经历情绪的高低起伏。恢复损失的压力可能导致不理性的决策，使玩家偏离他们的计划策略。这种情绪动荡可能导致比预期更大的赌注，或者完全放弃martingale系统，转而追逐损失，进行更冒险的投注。另一个重要的考虑是“赌徒谬误”的概念，即相信过去的事件会影响独立随机事件的未来结果。许多赌徒错误地认为，在一系列损失之后，胜利是“应该”发生的。这种误解可能导致对像martingales这样的系统的过度依赖，因为玩家认为他们最终会赢。在现实中，每次轮盘赌的旋转或硬币的翻转都是独立的，之前的结果不会影响未来的结果。总之，虽然martingales看似是一种合乎逻辑的投注方法，但它们充满了风险和局限性。其背后的数学原理并不能保证成功，赌博中涉及的心理因素可能导致决策失误。对于那些喜欢赌博的人来说，重要的是以谨慎的态度看待像martingales这样的策略，并理解其中固有的风险。最终，应优先考虑负责任的赌博，强调享受而不仅仅是追求利润。理解martingales的局限性可以帮助个人做出更好的决策，避免陷入这种流行投注策略的陷阱。