nomothetic

简明释义

英[ˌnɒməˈθetɪk]美[ˌnɑːməˈθetɪk]

adj. 制定法律的；以法律为根据的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Economics is a nomothetic science.

经济学是一门研究普遍性的科学。

2.Economics is a nomothetic science.

经济学是一门研究普遍性的科学。

3.Sociologists often prefer nomothetic 法则性 studies to gather quantitative data that can be generalized.

社会学家通常更喜欢法则性研究，以收集可以概括的定量数据。

4.The nomothetic 法则性 method allows scientists to formulate laws that can predict outcomes in various situations.

这种法则性的方法使科学家能够制定可以预测各种情况下结果的定律。

5.The nomothetic 法则性 approach is essential for developing theories that apply broadly across different contexts.

这种法则性的方法对于发展适用于不同背景的广泛理论至关重要。

6.In contrast to nomothetic 法则性 approaches, some researchers advocate for idiographic studies that focus on individual cases.

与法则性方法相反，一些研究人员提倡关注个案的个体研究。

7.In the field of psychology, researchers often use a nomothetic 法则性 approach to identify general patterns of behavior across large populations.

在心理学领域，研究人员通常使用法则性的方法来识别大规模人群中的一般行为模式。

作文

In the field of psychology, the distinction between nomothetic and idiographic approaches is crucial for understanding human behavior. The term nomothetic refers to a method that seeks to establish general laws or principles that apply to a wide range of cases. This contrasts with the idiographic approach, which focuses on the individual and the unique aspects of their experiences. Understanding this difference can greatly enhance our comprehension of psychological research and its applications.The nomothetic approach is often associated with quantitative research methods. Researchers using this approach typically gather data from large samples and conduct statistical analyses to identify patterns and trends. For instance, studies that investigate the correlation between stress levels and academic performance tend to adopt a nomothetic framework. By examining a large population, researchers can derive general conclusions about how stress impacts students as a whole.One of the strengths of the nomothetic approach is its ability to produce findings that are widely applicable. For example, if a study reveals that increased exercise leads to lower anxiety levels in a diverse group of individuals, this finding can be generalized to suggest that exercise is beneficial for mental health across various demographics. Such insights can inform public health policies and interventions designed to promote physical activity as a means of improving overall well-being.However, the nomothetic approach also has its limitations. While it provides valuable information about general trends, it may overlook the nuances and complexities of individual experiences. For example, while many people may benefit from exercise, there are individuals who may not experience the same effects due to personal circumstances, such as pre-existing health conditions or differing psychological responses. This is where the idiographic approach becomes essential, as it allows for a deeper exploration of individual cases, providing a more comprehensive understanding of human behavior.In practice, effective psychological research often involves a combination of both nomothetic and idiographic methods. By integrating these approaches, researchers can gain a fuller picture of human behavior. For instance, while a nomothetic study might reveal that a specific therapy technique is generally effective for anxiety, an idiographic follow-up could explore how different individuals respond to that same technique, uncovering variations in effectiveness based on personal history or context.Moreover, the application of nomothetic principles extends beyond psychology into other fields such as sociology, economics, and even natural sciences. In sociology, for example, researchers might use nomothetic methods to analyze social trends across populations, identifying common factors that contribute to phenomena like urbanization or migration. Similarly, in economics, nomothetic models can help predict market behaviors based on historical data, aiding policymakers in decision-making processes.In conclusion, the concept of nomothetic plays a significant role in various disciplines by facilitating the development of generalizable knowledge. While it is essential to recognize the value of nomothetic research in identifying broad patterns and trends, it is equally important to appreciate the insights gained from idiographic approaches that focus on the individual. By balancing these methodologies, researchers can create a more nuanced understanding of complex issues, ultimately leading to better outcomes in both research and practice.

在心理学领域，nomothetic（法则性）与个案性（idiographic）方法之间的区别对于理解人类行为至关重要。nomothetic这个术语指的是一种寻求建立适用于广泛案例的一般法则或原则的方法。这与关注个体及其独特经历的个案性方法形成对比。理解这一差异可以大大增强我们对心理学研究及其应用的理解。nomothetic方法通常与定量研究方法相关联。使用这种方法的研究人员通常从大样本中收集数据，并进行统计分析，以识别模式和趋势。例如，研究压力水平与学业表现之间的相关性往往采用nomothetic框架。通过考察一个大群体，研究人员可以得出关于压力如何影响学生整体的普遍结论。nomothetic方法的一个优势是能够产生广泛适用的发现。例如，如果一项研究揭示增加锻炼导致不同个体的焦虑水平降低，那么这一发现可以推广为锻炼对各个群体的心理健康都是有益的。这些见解可以为公共卫生政策和干预措施提供信息，旨在促进身体活动，从而改善整体健康。然而，nomothetic方法也有其局限性。虽然它提供了有关一般趋势的宝贵信息，但可能会忽视个体经历的细微差别和复杂性。例如，虽然许多人可能从锻炼中受益，但由于个人情况（如既往健康状况或不同的心理反应），有些个体可能不会体验到相同的效果。这就是个案性方法变得至关重要的地方，因为它允许对个别案例进行更深入的探索，从而提供对人类行为的更全面理解。在实践中，有效的心理学研究通常涉及nomothetic和个案性方法的结合。通过整合这些方法，研究人员可以获得对人类行为的更完整的图景。例如，虽然一项nomothetic研究可能揭示某种特定的治疗技术对焦虑通常有效，但后续的个案性研究可以探讨不同个体对该技术的反应，揭示基于个人历史或背景的有效性差异。此外，nomothetic原则的应用不仅限于心理学，还延伸到社会学、经济学甚至自然科学等其他领域。例如，在社会学中，研究人员可能使用nomothetic方法分析人口中的社会趋势，识别导致城市化或迁移等现象的共同因素。同样，在经济学中，nomothetic模型可以帮助根据历史数据预测市场行为，帮助政策制定者进行决策。总之，nomothetic概念在各个学科中发挥着重要作用，通过促进可推广知识的发展。尽管承认nomothetic研究在识别广泛模式和趋势方面的价值至关重要，但同样重要的是欣赏通过关注个体的个案性方法所获得的见解。通过平衡这些方法论，研究人员可以对复杂问题创建更细致的理解，最终在研究和实践中实现更好的结果。