phalloidin

简明释义

英[/ˌfæl.ɔɪˈdɪn/]美[/ˌfæl.ɔɪˈdɪn/]

鬼笔环肽

毒伞素

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Actin filaments have been labeled with DY-554 phalloidin (red).

使用DY- 554鬼笔环肽(红色)标记肌动蛋白丝。

2.Actin filaments have been labeled with DY-554 phalloidin (red).

使用DY- 554鬼笔环肽(红色)标记肌动蛋白丝。

3.Actin filaments have been labeled with DY-554 phalloidin (red).

肌动蛋白丝用DY- 554鬼笔环肽标记(红色)。

4.The researchers used phalloidin to stain the actin filaments in their cell samples.

研究人员使用phalloidin对细胞样本中的肌动蛋白丝进行染色。

5.When using phalloidin in microscopy, it is essential to use the correct fluorescence filter.

在显微镜中使用phalloidin时，使用正确的荧光滤光片是至关重要的。

6.In immunofluorescence studies, phalloidin is often employed to visualize cytoskeletal structures.

在免疫荧光研究中，phalloidin通常用于可视化细胞骨架结构。

7.The presence of phalloidin can help identify the organization of the cytoskeleton in various cell types.

phalloidin的存在可以帮助识别不同细胞类型中细胞骨架的组织结构。

8.The binding affinity of phalloidin for F-actin makes it a valuable tool in cell biology.

phalloidin对F-肌动蛋白的结合亲和力使其成为细胞生物学中一种有价值的工具。

作文

Phalloidin is a fascinating compound that has garnered significant attention in the field of biology and biochemistry. Derived from the poisonous mushroom Amanita phalloides, commonly known as the death cap mushroom, phalloidin is a cyclic peptide that binds specifically to F-actin, a filamentous protein that forms part of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. This unique property makes phalloidin an invaluable tool for researchers studying cell structure and dynamics.The mechanism by which phalloidin interacts with F-actin is particularly interesting. It stabilizes actin filaments by preventing their depolymerization, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the cytoskeleton. This stabilization allows scientists to visualize the actin cytoskeleton in various types of cells using fluorescence microscopy. By labeling phalloidin with fluorescent dyes, researchers can observe the organization and distribution of actin filaments within live and fixed cells, providing insights into cellular processes such as migration, division, and morphology.Furthermore, the use of phalloidin extends beyond mere visualization. It plays a vital role in understanding various diseases where the actin cytoskeleton is implicated. For instance, cancer cells often exhibit altered actin dynamics, leading to increased motility and invasiveness. By employing phalloidin in experimental setups, scientists can investigate how these changes contribute to tumor progression and metastasis.In addition to its applications in cancer research, phalloidin is also used in neurobiology to study the intricate structures of neurons. The dendritic spines, small protrusions on neurons where synapses form, are rich in actin filaments. Using phalloidin, researchers can explore how actin remodeling in these spines affects synaptic strength and plasticity, ultimately influencing learning and memory processes.Moreover, the specificity of phalloidin for F-actin over G-actin (globular actin) is another reason for its widespread use. This selectivity allows for precise targeting of actin filaments in various experimental contexts, making it an essential reagent in cell biology. Researchers can utilize phalloidin to dissect the roles of actin in different cellular functions, thereby advancing our understanding of fundamental biological processes.However, it is important to note that while phalloidin is a powerful tool, caution must be exercised due to its origin from a toxic mushroom. Although the concentrations used in laboratory settings are typically safe, awareness of its toxicity is crucial for handling and disposal procedures. Proper training and safety protocols should always be followed when working with phalloidin in the lab.In conclusion, phalloidin is more than just a compound derived from a deadly mushroom; it is a pivotal agent in the exploration of cellular architecture and function. Its ability to bind to F-actin and stabilize the cytoskeleton has opened up numerous avenues for research in cell biology, cancer, and neurobiology. As scientists continue to unravel the complexities of cellular processes, phalloidin will undoubtedly remain a key player in advancing our understanding of life at the cellular level. The ongoing research utilizing phalloidin not only enhances our knowledge of fundamental biology but also holds promise for developing therapeutic strategies against diseases linked to actin dysfunction.

Phalloidin是一个引人注目的化合物，在生物学和生物化学领域引起了广泛关注。它源自有毒蘑菇Amanita phalloides，通常被称为死亡帽蘑菇，phalloidin是一种环肽，能够特异性地与F-肌动蛋白结合，F-肌动蛋白是一种形成真核细胞细胞骨架部分的丝状蛋白。这种独特的特性使得phalloidin成为研究细胞结构和动态的重要工具。phalloidin与F-肌动蛋白相互作用的机制尤其有趣。它通过防止肌动蛋白丝的解聚来稳定肌动蛋白丝，这对于维持细胞骨架的完整性至关重要。这种稳定性使科学家能够利用荧光显微镜在各种类型的细胞中可视化肌动蛋白细胞骨架。通过用荧光染料标记phalloidin，研究人员可以观察活细胞和固定细胞内肌动蛋白丝的组织和分布，从而提供关于细胞迁移、分裂和形态等细胞过程的见解。此外，phalloidin的使用不仅限于可视化。它在理解多种与肌动蛋白细胞骨架相关的疾病中发挥着重要作用。例如，癌细胞通常表现出改变的肌动蛋白动态，导致运动性和侵袭性的增加。通过在实验设置中使用phalloidin，科学家可以研究这些变化如何促成肿瘤进展和转移。除了在癌症研究中的应用外，phalloidin还用于神经生物学，以研究神经元的复杂结构。树突棘是神经元上的小突起，突触在这里形成，富含肌动蛋白丝。利用phalloidin，研究人员可以探讨这些突起中肌动蛋白重塑如何影响突触强度和可塑性，最终影响学习和记忆过程。此外，phalloidin对F-肌动蛋白而非G-肌动蛋白（球状肌动蛋白）的特异性是其广泛使用的另一个原因。这种选择性允许在各种实验背景下精确靶向肌动蛋白丝，使其成为细胞生物学中的一种必要试剂。研究人员可以利用phalloidin来剖析肌动蛋白在不同细胞功能中的作用，从而推进我们对基本生物过程的理解。然而，重要的是要注意，尽管phalloidin是一个强大的工具，但由于其来源于一种有毒蘑菇，因此必须小心处理。尽管实验室中使用的浓度通常是安全的，但对其毒性的认识对于处理和处置程序至关重要。在实验室工作时，始终应遵循适当的培训和安全协议。总之，phalloidin不仅仅是来自致命蘑菇的化合物；它是探索细胞结构和功能的重要剂。它与F-肌动蛋白结合并稳定细胞骨架的能力为细胞生物学、癌症和神经生物学的研究开辟了许多途径。随着科学家们继续揭示细胞过程的复杂性，phalloidin无疑将继续在推动我们对细胞水平生命的理解中发挥关键作用。利用phalloidin的持续研究不仅增强了我们对基本生物学的知识，而且对开发与肌动蛋白功能障碍相关的疾病的治疗策略充满希望。