plutonium

简明释义

英[pluːˈtəʊniəm]美[pluːˈtoʊniəm]

n. [化学] 钚（94号元素）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Some of these tests involve smashing or shooting at small shards of plutonium.

这些试验中的一些试验包括了粉碎或射击钚元素的小碎片。

2.It remains unclear what is happening with the Number-3 reactor, which is fueled by a mix of uranium and plutonium.

现在还不清楚3号反应堆发生了什么情况，3号反应堆的燃料是混合的铀和钚。

3.Much of this remains dangerous for thousands of years, and a proportion of it can be used to produce weapons-grade plutonium.

废弃物的放射性危险会延续数千年，而且部分还可以用来生产武器级放射性元素钚。

4.This will eventually allow India to extract plutonium from spent reactor fuel of American origin.

这就终将会允许印度从美国已经用尽的燃料中提取出钚。

5.It threatens to rebuild Yongbyon and start making weapons-grade plutonium again.

它威胁说要重建宁边核设施并重新开始制造武器级别的钋。

6.In a major and welcomed development, Russia announced that it will close its last weapons-grade plutonium production reactor.

一项重大、颇受欢迎的进展是俄罗斯宣布将关闭最后一座武器级钚生产反应堆。

7.Mixed oxide fuel rods are partly made of plutonium. These fuel rods are partly exposed.

混合氧化物燃料棒含钚，这些燃料棒已经部分暴露。

8.Accounting has since improved, and the country is now thought to have around 145 metric tons of weapons-grade plutonium.

会计方面已经得到改善，国家目前大概有核武原料的145公吨的钚。

9."Reprocessing of spent fuel rods is at its final phase and extracted plutonium is being weaponised, " it said.

据信中透露：“乏燃料棒再处理已经进入了最后阶段，与此同时镮的武器化也正在进行。”

10.The nuclear reactor uses plutonium to generate energy efficiently.

核反应堆使用钚来高效地产生能量。

11.Scientists are studying the properties of plutonium for potential applications in space exploration.

科学家们正在研究钚的特性，以寻找在太空探索中的潜在应用。

12.In the military, plutonium is a key component in the production of nuclear weapons.

在军事上，钚是生产核武器的关键成分。

13.The handling of plutonium requires strict safety protocols due to its radioactive nature.

由于钚的放射性特性，处理它需要严格的安全协议。

14.The discovery of plutonium marked a significant milestone in nuclear chemistry.

对钚的发现标志着核化学的重要里程碑。

作文

Plutonium, represented by the symbol Pu on the periodic table, is a radioactive element that plays a crucial role in both nuclear energy and weaponry. Discovered in 1940 by a team of scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, it is named after the dwarf planet Pluto. The significance of plutonium (钚) extends beyond its discovery; it has been integral to the development of nuclear reactors and atomic bombs. As a heavy metal, plutonium (钚) is not only dense but also possesses unique properties that make it suitable for various applications in the field of nuclear science.One of the most notable characteristics of plutonium (钚) is its ability to undergo fission. When a nucleus of plutonium (钚) absorbs a neutron, it can split into two smaller nuclei, releasing a significant amount of energy in the process. This property is harnessed in nuclear reactors, where controlled fission reactions generate heat that can be converted into electricity. The efficiency of plutonium (钚) as a fuel source is noteworthy; it can produce more energy per unit mass compared to uranium, another commonly used nuclear fuel.However, the use of plutonium (钚) is not without its challenges. Its radioactive nature poses serious health risks, making handling and storage a critical concern. The isotope plutonium-239 (钚-239) is particularly dangerous due to its long half-life of 24,100 years, which means it remains hazardous for thousands of generations. This characteristic complicates the management of nuclear waste, as safe disposal methods must be developed to mitigate potential environmental impacts.In addition to its use in energy production, plutonium (钚) has a notorious reputation in the context of nuclear weapons. The first atomic bomb detonated during World War II, known as 'Fat Man,' utilized plutonium (钚) as its core material. The destructive power of these weapons has led to international treaties aimed at controlling the proliferation of nuclear arms. Countries with nuclear capabilities must navigate the delicate balance between maintaining national security and adhering to global disarmament efforts.The ethical implications surrounding plutonium (钚) are profound. As a society, we must grapple with the consequences of harnessing such powerful elements. The potential for catastrophic accidents, as seen in incidents like Chernobyl and Fukushima, raises questions about our reliance on nuclear energy. Furthermore, the threat of nuclear terrorism remains a pressing concern, as rogue states or non-state actors may seek to acquire plutonium (钚) for malicious purposes.In conclusion, plutonium (钚) is a double-edged sword in the realm of science and technology. While it offers remarkable benefits in energy production and has played a pivotal role in shaping modern warfare, it also presents significant risks that must be managed responsibly. As we advance into an era increasingly reliant on nuclear technology, understanding the complexities of plutonium (钚) and its implications will be essential for ensuring a safe and sustainable future.

钚（plutonium），在元素周期表中用符号Pu表示，是一种放射性元素，在核能和武器中发挥着至关重要的作用。它于1940年由加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校的一组科学家发现，命名为矮行星冥王星。plutonium（钚）的重要性超出了它的发现；它在核反应堆和原子弹的发展中发挥了重要作用。作为一种重金属，plutonium（钚）不仅密度大，而且具有独特的性质，使其适合于核科学领域的各种应用。plutonium（钚）最显著的特点之一是其进行裂变的能力。当plutonium（钚）的原子核吸收一个中子时，它可以分裂成两个较小的原子核，在此过程中释放出大量能量。这一特性在核反应堆中得到了利用，其中受控的裂变反应产生热量，可以转化为电力。plutonium（钚）作为燃料源的效率值得注意；与另一种常用的核燃料铀相比，它每单位质量可以产生更多的能量。然而，plutonium（钚）的使用并非没有挑战。它的放射性特性带来了严重的健康风险，使得处理和储存成为关键问题。plutonium-239（钚-239）同位素尤其危险，因为其半衰期长达24100年，这意味着它在数千代人中仍然具有危害性。这一特性使得核废料管理复杂化，因为必须开发安全处置方法以减轻潜在的环境影响。除了在能源生产中的应用外，plutonium（钚）在核武器方面也有着臭名昭著的声誉。在第二次世界大战期间引爆的第一颗原子弹“胖子”就利用了plutonium（钚）作为核心材料。这些武器的破坏力导致了国际条约的出台，旨在控制核武器的扩散。拥有核能力的国家必须在维护国家安全和遵守全球裁军努力之间找到微妙的平衡。围绕plutonium（钚）的伦理影响深远。作为一个社会，我们必须与利用如此强大元素所带来的后果作斗争。像切尔诺贝利和福岛这样的事故潜在的灾难性意外，提出了我们对核能依赖的质疑。此外，核恐怖主义的威胁仍然是一个紧迫的问题，因为流氓国家或非国家行为者可能寻求获取plutonium（钚）用于恶意目的。总之，plutonium（钚）在科学和技术领域是一把双刃剑。虽然它在能源生产中提供了显著的好处，并在塑造现代战争中发挥了关键作用，但它也带来了必须负责任地管理的重大风险。随着我们进入一个日益依赖核技术的时代，理解plutonium（钚）的复杂性及其影响对于确保安全和可持续的未来至关重要。