supernatant

简明释义

英[ˌsuːpəˈneɪt(ə)nt;ˌsjuː-]美[ˌsʊpərˈnetənt]

adj. 浮在表面的；上层的

n. 浮层；上层清液

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The hematopoietic cells were cocultivated with concentrated virus supernatant and interleukins.

骨髓造血细胞与浓缩病毒上清及细胞因子组合共培养。

2.Supernatant from freeze thawing haemocytes was applied for the tests of immunoprecipitation, bacteriostasis, and phagocytosis.

取冻融的血淋巴细胞上清进行免疫沉淀、抑菌、吞噬杀菌实验。

3.Conclusion: it is identified that the splenocytes culture supernatant has growth factor like action and can substitute for serum in the medium.

结论：推测梅花鹿脾细胞培养上清具有生长因子样活性，并在细胞培养基中代替血清的作用。

4.The mechanical cell breaking could obviously increase the rate of autolysis and improve yield and the content of amino acid nitrogen in supernatant.

机械破碎可以明显缩短自溶时间，提高酵母抽提物的氨基氮含量和得率。

5.Human CD3AK cells were transfected by viral supernatant.

用病毒上清感染人CD3AK细胞。

6.ResultsThe supernatant of lymphocytes modified by BDNF gene decreased the growth inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate of PC12 cells induced by H2O2 and DA.

BDNF基因修饰的大鼠淋巴细胞的培养上清可降低H2O2和DA对PC 12细胞生长的抑制率并能抑制H2O2和DA诱导PC 12细胞凋亡。

7.After centrifugation, the clear liquid above the pellet is called the supernatant.

离心后，沉淀物上方的清液称为上清液。

8.The supernatant was carefully pipetted out to avoid disturbing the sediment.

小心地用移液管吸取上清液，以免扰动沉淀物。

9.In the experiment, the cells were harvested and the supernatant was analyzed for proteins.

在实验中，细胞被收集，上清液被分析以检测蛋白质。

10.The supernatant contained the soluble fraction of the sample after filtration.

过滤后，上清液中含有样品的可溶性部分。

11.We discarded the supernatant to concentrate the remaining solution.

我们丢弃了上清液以浓缩剩余溶液。

作文

In the field of chemistry and biology, the term supernatant refers to the liquid that remains above the solid residue after a mixture has been allowed to settle or after centrifugation. This concept is crucial in various laboratory procedures, where separating components of a solution is necessary for further analysis or experimentation. For instance, when a solution containing suspended particles is centrifuged, the denser particles settle at the bottom of the container, forming a pellet, while the less dense liquid layer that remains above this pellet is termed supernatant. Understanding the properties and behaviors of supernatant can significantly enhance our ability to conduct experiments accurately and effectively.The significance of supernatant extends beyond mere definitions; it plays a vital role in numerous scientific applications. In microbiology, for example, researchers often analyze the supernatant of cultures to study the metabolites produced by microorganisms. These metabolites can provide insights into the growth conditions and metabolic pathways of the organisms under study. By examining the supernatant, scientists can identify compounds that may have pharmaceutical applications or environmental impacts.Moreover, in biochemistry, the supernatant is frequently used in protein purification processes. After cell lysis, the resulting mixture contains a variety of cellular components, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. By centrifuging this mixture, researchers can isolate the supernatant, which contains soluble proteins, from the insoluble debris. This step is critical for obtaining pure protein samples for further analysis, such as enzyme assays or structural studies.The importance of supernatant is not limited to biological sciences; it is also relevant in environmental science. When analyzing water samples for pollutants, scientists often allow the sample to settle or use centrifugation to separate contaminants. The liquid portion that remains, the supernatant, can then be tested for specific toxins or chemicals. This process helps in assessing the quality of water sources, ensuring safety for consumption and ecological health.Furthermore, understanding the characteristics of supernatant can aid in optimizing industrial processes. In wastewater treatment, for instance, the separation of solids from liquids is a critical step. The supernatant often contains valuable nutrients or contaminants that can be treated or recovered. By monitoring the composition of the supernatant, engineers can improve the efficiency of treatment systems and minimize environmental impact.In conclusion, the term supernatant is more than just a technical jargon; it embodies a fundamental concept in scientific research and application. Whether in microbiology, biochemistry, environmental science, or industrial processes, the understanding of supernatant and its properties is essential for researchers and practitioners alike. As we continue to explore and manipulate the natural world, the role of supernatant will undoubtedly remain significant, guiding us toward new discoveries and innovations. Therefore, mastering the concept of supernatant is an invaluable asset for anyone engaged in scientific endeavors.

在化学和生物学领域，术语supernatant指的是在混合物被允许沉淀或离心后，残留在固体残渣上方的液体。这一概念在各种实验室程序中至关重要，因为分离溶液的成分是进一步分析或实验所必需的。例如，当含有悬浮颗粒的溶液被离心时，较重的颗粒会沉淀在容器底部，形成沉淀，而残留在这个沉淀上方的较轻液体层被称为supernatant。理解supernatant的性质和行为可以显著提高我们准确有效地进行实验的能力。supernatant的重要性不仅限于简单的定义；它在许多科学应用中发挥着重要作用。例如，在微生物学中，研究人员经常分析培养物的supernatant以研究微生物产生的代谢物。这些代谢物可以提供有关生长条件和代谢途径的见解。通过检查supernatant，科学家可以识别可能具有药用价值或环境影响的化合物。此外，在生物化学中，supernatant常用于蛋白质纯化过程。在细胞裂解后，产生的混合物包含多种细胞成分，包括蛋白质、核酸和脂质。通过离心这个混合物，研究人员可以从不溶性碎片中分离出含有可溶性蛋白质的supernatant。这一步对获得纯蛋白样品以进行进一步分析（如酶测定或结构研究）至关重要。supernatant的重要性不仅限于生物科学；它在环境科学中同样相关。在分析水样中的污染物时，科学家们通常会让样本沉淀或使用离心分离污染物。剩余的液体部分，即supernatant，然后可以测试特定的毒素或化学物质。这个过程有助于评估水源的质量，确保饮用安全和生态健康。此外，理解supernatant的特性可以帮助优化工业过程。在废水处理过程中，固体与液体的分离是一个关键步骤。supernatant通常含有可回收的有价值营养物质或污染物。通过监测supernatant的成分，工程师可以提高处理系统的效率并减少对环境的影响。总之，术语supernatant不仅仅是技术术语；它体现了科学研究和应用中的一个基本概念。无论是在微生物学、生物化学、环境科学还是工业过程中，对supernatant及其性质的理解对于研究人员和从业者而言都是至关重要的。随着我们继续探索和操控自然世界，supernatant的角色无疑将保持重要性，引导我们走向新的发现和创新。因此，掌握supernatant的概念对于任何从事科学工作的人来说都是一项宝贵的资产。