afferent

简明释义

英[ˈæfərənt]美[ˈæfərənt]

adj. [生理] 传入的，输入的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.I'll start out with two of the more interesting coupling metrics, namely afferent coupling and efferent coupling.

我将从两个比较有趣的耦合度量开始，即传入耦合和传出耦合。

2.In most nerves, there are both afferent or sensory nerve fibers and efferent or motor fibers.

在多数神经，有输入或感觉神经纤维和传出或马达纤维。

3.Afferent coupling is harder to determine and much more valuable.

传入耦合比较难判断，但是更有价值。

4.The vascular plexus of the pigeon small intestinal villi consisted of afferent mini artery, capillary network and efferent mini vein.

家鸽小肠绒毛血管丛由输入小动脉，毛细血管网和输出小静脉组成。

5.Lymphocyte function in the cellular immune system features both afferent (receptor) and efferent (effector) components.

细胞免疫系统的传入(受体)和传出(效应器)功能都受到淋巴细胞功能的影响。

6.This paper discusses the effect of cordycepin on afferent discharge of muscle spindle.

目的探讨冬虫夏草对肌梭传入放电的影响。

7.In the reflex arc, the afferent 传入的 neuron carries information about the stimulus to the spinal cord.

在反射弧中，afferent 传入的神经元将刺激信息传递到脊髓。

8.The afferent 传入的 fibers play a crucial role in the autonomic nervous system.

这些afferent 传入的纤维在自主神经系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。

9.Damage to the afferent 传入的 pathways can result in loss of sensation.

损伤afferent 传入的通路可能导致感觉丧失。

10.The study focused on how afferent 传入的 signals influence motor control.

这项研究集中于afferent 传入的信号如何影响运动控制。

11.The sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the body to the brain, making them afferent 传入的 pathways.

感觉神经元负责将信号从身体传输到大脑，因此它们是afferent 传入的通路。

作文

The human body is a complex system that relies on various types of communication to function effectively. One of the key components of this communication is the role of neurons, which are specialized cells that transmit information throughout the body. Within the nervous system, there are two main types of neurons: afferent neurons and efferent neurons. Understanding the difference between these two types of neurons is crucial for comprehending how our bodies react to stimuli and maintain homeostasis.Afferent neurons, also known as sensory neurons, are responsible for carrying signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS). These receptors can be found in various parts of the body, including the skin, eyes, ears, and internal organs. When a stimulus, such as heat, light, or pressure, is detected by these sensory receptors, afferent neurons transmit the information to the brain and spinal cord, where it can be processed and interpreted.For instance, when you touch a hot surface, the sensory receptors in your skin detect the high temperature. The afferent neurons then send a signal to your spinal cord and brain, alerting you to the danger of the hot surface. This rapid transmission of information is essential for reflex actions, such as quickly withdrawing your hand from the heat. Without afferent neurons, our bodies would struggle to respond to environmental changes, leading to potential harm.On the other hand, efferent neurons carry signals away from the central nervous system to muscles and glands. This communication allows the body to respond to the information received from afferent neurons. For example, after your brain processes the information about the hot surface, it sends a signal through efferent neurons to your muscles, instructing them to pull your hand away. This coordinated response is vital for survival, as it enables the body to react swiftly to potentially harmful situations.The interplay between afferent and efferent neurons is not limited to simple reflex actions. It is also fundamental to more complex behaviors and processes. For example, when you see a beautiful sunset, the light is detected by photoreceptors in your eyes, which are connected to afferent neurons. These neurons send visual information to the brain, where it is processed, allowing you to appreciate the beauty of the scene. In turn, your brain may send signals through efferent neurons to your facial muscles, prompting you to smile or express joy.Moreover, the afferent pathways are critical in maintaining homeostasis within the body. They provide continuous feedback to the brain about the internal state of the body, such as temperature, pain, and the status of various organs. This feedback loop is essential for regulating bodily functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. If the afferent neurons detect an imbalance, they inform the CNS, which can then initiate appropriate responses to restore equilibrium.In conclusion, afferent neurons play a vital role in our ability to perceive and respond to the world around us. By transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system, they enable us to react to stimuli and maintain homeostasis. The relationship between afferent and efferent neurons highlights the intricate communication systems within our bodies, emphasizing the importance of these specialized cells in our daily lives. Understanding the function of afferent neurons not only enhances our knowledge of human biology but also underscores the remarkable complexity of the nervous system, which is essential for our survival and well-being.

人体是一个复杂的系统，依赖于各种类型的沟通来有效运作。神经元在这种沟通中扮演着关键角色，神经元是专门的细胞，负责在全身传递信息。在神经系统中，主要有两种类型的神经元：afferent 神经元和外向神经元。理解这两种神经元之间的区别，对于理解我们身体如何对刺激作出反应以及维持体内平衡至关重要。afferent 神经元，也称为感觉神经元，负责将信号从感觉受体传递到中枢神经系统（CNS）。这些受体可以在身体的各个部位找到，包括皮肤、眼睛、耳朵和内脏。当刺激（如热、光或压力）被这些感觉受体检测到时，afferent 神经元将信息传输到大脑和脊髓，在那里进行处理和解释。例如，当你触摸一个热表面时，皮肤中的感觉受体会检测到高温。afferent 神经元随后将信号发送到你的脊髓和大脑，提醒你热表面的危险。这种信息的快速传递对于反射动作至关重要，例如迅速将手从热源上撤回。如果没有 afferent 神经元，我们的身体将难以对环境变化作出反应，从而可能导致伤害。另一方面，外向神经元将信号从中枢神经系统传递到肌肉和腺体。这种沟通使身体能够对来自 afferent 神经元的信息作出反应。例如，在你的大脑处理有关热表面的信息后，它通过外向神经元向你的肌肉发送信号，指示它们将手拉开。这种协调反应对生存至关重要，因为它使身体能够迅速对潜在的有害情况做出反应。afferent 和外向神经元之间的相互作用不仅限于简单的反射动作。它对于更复杂的行为和过程同样重要。例如，当你看到美丽的日落时，光线被你眼睛中的光感受器检测到，这些感受器与 afferent 神经元相连。这些神经元将视觉信息发送到大脑，在那里进行处理，使你能够欣赏场景的美丽。反过来，你的大脑可能通过外向神经元向面部肌肉发送信号，促使你微笑或表达喜悦。此外，afferent 通路在维持体内平衡方面至关重要。它们不断向大脑提供有关身体内部状态的反馈，例如温度、疼痛和各种器官的状态。这个反馈循环对于调节身体功能（如心率、消化和呼吸频率）至关重要。如果 afferent 神经元检测到失衡，它们会通知中枢神经系统，后者可以启动适当的反应以恢复平衡。总之，afferent 神经元在我们感知和响应周围世界的能力中扮演着重要角色。通过将感觉信息传递到中枢神经系统，它们使我们能够对刺激作出反应并维持体内平衡。afferent 和外向神经元之间的关系突显了我们身体内部复杂的沟通系统，强调了这些专门细胞在我们日常生活中的重要性。理解 afferent 神经元的功能不仅增强了我们对人体生物学的认识，还突显了神经系统的非凡复杂性，这对于我们的生存和健康至关重要。