adsorbate

简明释义

英[ədˈsɔːbeɪt]美[ædˈsɔrbet]

n. 被吸附物；吸附物

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Moreover, the influence of the structure of adsorbent and adsorbate on the adsorption amount and rate was primarily discussed.

初步讨论了吸附量及吸附速度与吸附剂和吸附质结构之间的关系。

2.The suspension from the estuary of Qagu River in Qingdao as an adsorbent, No. 0 derv and No. 32 engine oil as an adsorbate, the study on the property of oil adsorbed by the sediment in water was made.

采用青岛大沽河河口的泥沙为吸附剂，0号柴油和32号柴油为吸附质，以此来研究石油在水中悬浮物上的吸附特性。

3.Furthermore, the zinc-adsorbate equally distributed in gas ash and the particles with different sizes had distinct ability to adsorb zinc.

含锌吸附物均匀分布于瓦斯灰中，不同粒度瓦斯灰对锌的吸收能力有所不同。

4.The effects of adsorbate on moduli and surface stress of the diamond thin films were investigated.

探讨了吸附物对金刚石模量或表面张力的影响。

5.This theory describes the adsorption systems with primarily electrostatic interactions as well as systems in which the adsorption temperature is greater than the crit. temperature of the adsorbate.

表明该理论不但可扩展到以静电场为主的吸附体系， 还可适用于吸附温度高于吸附质临界温度的吸附体系。

6.Adsorption: Capability of a solid substance (adsorbent) to attract to its surface molecules of a gas or solution (adsorbate) with which it is in contact.

吸附：一切固态物质(吸附剂)把与之接触的气体或溶液的分子吸在表面上的能力。

7.The principles for selection of adsorbate are discussed.

并讨论了吸附质的选择原则。

8.The interaction energy between adsorbent and adsorbate was obtained by solid-liquid interaction equation.

利用固—液相互作用方程，求取了吸附剂—吸附质相互作用能。

9.In gas chromatography, the adsorbate interacts with the stationary phase to separate different compounds.

在气相色谱中，吸附物与固定相相互作用以分离不同的化合物。

10.The efficiency of a catalyst can be affected by the type and amount of adsorbate on its surface.

催化剂的效率可能会受到其表面上吸附物的类型和数量的影响。

11.In environmental science, pollutants act as adsorbates that adhere to soil particles.

在环境科学中，污染物作为吸附物附着在土壤颗粒上。

12.Researchers are studying how different adsorbates influence the adsorption process.

研究人员正在研究不同的吸附物如何影响吸附过程。

13.The presence of the adsorbate in the solution can significantly change the properties of the material.

溶液中存在的吸附物可以显著改变材料的性质。

作文

In the field of chemistry, the term adsorbate refers to the substance that is adsorbed onto a surface. Adsorption is a process in which atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid adhere to a surface. This phenomenon is crucial in various applications, including catalysis, environmental science, and materials engineering. Understanding the role of adsorbate is essential for scientists and engineers alike, as it directly influences the efficiency and effectiveness of many chemical processes.To illustrate the concept of adsorbate, let us consider a common example: activated carbon used in water purification. Activated carbon has a vast surface area due to its porous structure, making it an excellent medium for adsorption. When contaminated water passes through activated carbon filters, various impurities, such as chlorine, volatile organic compounds, and heavy metals, are attracted to the surface of the carbon. In this scenario, these impurities act as adsorbates, binding to the carbon surface and effectively removing them from the water.The interaction between the adsorbate and the surface can be influenced by several factors, including temperature, pressure, and the nature of the surface itself. For instance, at higher temperatures, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases, which can lead to a decrease in the adsorption capacity of certain adsorbates. Conversely, increasing the pressure may enhance the adsorption of gases on solid surfaces, as more molecules are forced into contact with the surface, resulting in a higher concentration of adsorbates.Moreover, the characteristics of the adsorbate itself play a significant role in the adsorption process. Different adsorbates exhibit varying affinities for particular surfaces, which can be attributed to their molecular size, polarity, and functional groups. For example, polar molecules tend to have stronger interactions with polar surfaces, while non-polar adsorbates are more likely to adhere to non-polar surfaces. This selectivity is vital in designing efficient separation processes, such as chromatography, where specific adsorbates need to be isolated from complex mixtures.In addition to practical applications, the study of adsorbates also provides insights into fundamental chemical principles. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are two models that describe how adsorbates interact with surfaces. The Langmuir isotherm assumes a fixed number of adsorption sites, leading to a saturation point where no more adsorbate can bind to the surface. In contrast, the Freundlich isotherm accounts for heterogeneous surfaces, allowing for multiple layers of adsorbates to form. These models help researchers predict the behavior of adsorbates under various conditions, facilitating the development of new materials and processes.In conclusion, the concept of adsorbate is integral to understanding the mechanisms of adsorption and its applications in real-world scenarios. From water treatment to industrial catalysis, the interactions between adsorbates and surfaces shape the efficiency of numerous processes. As research continues to advance in this area, the knowledge of adsorbates will undoubtedly lead to innovative solutions for environmental challenges and the development of new technologies.

在化学领域，术语adsorbate指的是被吸附到表面上的物质。吸附是一个过程，其中气体、液体或溶解固体中的原子、离子或分子粘附到表面上。这种现象在催化、环境科学和材料工程等各种应用中至关重要。理解adsorbate的作用对于科学家和工程师来说都是必不可少的，因为它直接影响许多化学过程的效率和效果。为了说明adsorbate的概念，让我们考虑一个常见的例子：用于水净化的活性炭。活性炭由于其多孔结构而具有巨大的表面积，使其成为吸附的优秀介质。当受污染的水流经活性炭过滤器时，各种杂质，如氯、挥发性有机化合物和重金属，会被吸引到碳的表面。在这种情况下，这些杂质充当adsorbate，与碳表面结合，从而有效地将其从水中去除。adsorbate与表面之间的相互作用可能会受到多种因素的影响，包括温度、压力和表面的性质。例如，在较高的温度下，分子的动能增加，这可能导致某些adsorbate的吸附能力下降。相反，增加压力可能会增强气体在固体表面上的吸附，因为更多的分子被迫与表面接触，从而导致adsorbate的浓度增加。此外，adsorbate本身的特性在吸附过程中也发挥着重要作用。不同的adsorbate对特定表面表现出不同的亲和力，这可以归因于它们的分子大小、极性和功能团。例如，极性分子往往与极性表面之间有更强的相互作用，而非极性adsorbate更可能粘附在非极性表面上。这种选择性在设计高效分离过程（如色谱法）中至关重要，在这些过程中，需要从复杂混合物中分离特定的adsorbate。除了实际应用，adsorbate的研究还提供了对基本化学原理的深入了解。Langmuir和Freundlich等温线是描述adsorbate与表面相互作用的两个模型。Langmuir等温线假设固定数量的吸附位点，导致饱和点，即再也无法有更多的adsorbate与表面结合。相比之下，Freundlich等温线考虑了表面的异质性，允许形成多个层次的adsorbate。这些模型帮助研究人员预测在各种条件下adsorbate的行为，从而促进新材料和新工艺的发展。总之，adsorbate的概念对于理解吸附机制及其在现实场景中的应用至关重要。从水处理到工业催化，adsorbate与表面之间的相互作用塑造了众多过程的效率。随着这一领域研究的不断推进，对adsorbate的知识无疑将导致环境挑战的创新解决方案和新技术的发展。