megakaryocyte

简明释义

英[ˌmeɡəˈkærɪəˌsaɪt]美[meɡəˈkærɪoʊsaɪt]

n. [组织] 巨核细胞

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.At high power, the bone marrow of a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia is seen here. There is one lone megakaryocyte at the right center.

在高倍镜下，见到的是急性髓母细胞白血病骨髓。在右侧中心处有一个孤立巨核细胞。

2.Conclusion The intrinsic defect of megakaryocyte progenitor cell is considered to be a primary pathogenesis of APATP.

结论巨核祖细胞的内在缺陷是APATP的主要发病机制。

3.Objective: to investigate the prognostic significance of bone marrow megakaryocyte number in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

目的：探讨骨髓巨核细胞数对判断小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜(itp)预后的意义。

4.Platelet production begins with invagination of the megakaryocyte cell membrane and the formation of cytoplasmic channels and islands.

血小板的产生开始于巨核细胞的细胞膜内陷、形成细胞质渠道和岛屿(islands)。

5.Platelet is the smallest of blood cells, being only fragments of megakaryocyte cytoplasm, yet they have a critical role in normal haemostasis and are important contributors to thrombotic disorders.

血小板的主要生理功能是参与止血与凝血，临床上血小板在骨髓移植、白血病、肿瘤等病人中大量应用。

6.Platelet is the smallest of blood cells, being only fragments of megakaryocyte cytoplasm, yet they have a critical role in normal haemostasis and are important contributors to thrombotic disorders.

血小板的主要生理功能是参与止血与凝血，临床上血小板在骨髓移植、白血病、肿瘤等病人中大量应用。

7.Objeactive To research on TPO analogue peptide L203 to the thrombopoiesis effective and cultural megakaryocyte differentiation, the multiplication influence in myelosuppressive rats.

目的了解TPO模拟肽L203对骨髓抑制后大鼠的促血小板生成作用及对大鼠巨核细胞分化、增殖的影响。

8.An increase in megakaryocyte production may indicate a response to blood loss.

增加的巨核细胞生产可能表明对失血的反应。

9.The lifespan of a megakaryocyte is typically several days before it releases platelets.

一个巨核细胞的寿命通常为几天，然后释放血小板。

10.Researchers are studying how megakaryocytes differentiate from stem cells in the bone marrow.

研究人员正在研究巨核细胞如何在骨髓中从干细胞分化。

11.The primary function of a megakaryocyte is to produce platelets essential for blood clotting.

一个巨核细胞的主要功能是产生对血液凝固至关重要的血小板。

12.In patients with certain blood disorders, megakaryocytes can be abnormally large.

在某些血液疾病患者中，巨核细胞可能异常增大。

作文

The human body is a complex and intricate system, composed of various types of cells that perform specific functions essential for survival. One such cell type is the megakaryocyte, which plays a crucial role in the production of platelets. Platelets are vital components of blood, responsible for clotting and preventing excessive bleeding when injuries occur. Understanding the function and importance of megakaryocytes can provide insights into how our bodies maintain homeostasis and respond to injuries.Megakaryocytes are large, multinucleated cells found primarily in the bone marrow. They originate from hematopoietic stem cells and undergo a unique process of maturation. During this process, they increase in size and replicate their DNA without undergoing cell division, resulting in their characteristic large size and multiple nuclei. This unique feature allows megakaryocytes to produce a significant number of platelets.Once fully matured, megakaryocytes extend long cytoplasmic projections called proplatelets into the bloodstream. These projections break off to form platelets, which are then released into circulation. Remarkably, a single megakaryocyte can generate thousands of platelets, demonstrating its immense contribution to the body’s hemostatic mechanisms.The regulation of megakaryocyte production and platelet release is a finely tuned process influenced by various factors, including hormones and growth factors. Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a key hormone produced by the liver and kidneys that stimulates the production of megakaryocytes and enhances platelet formation. In conditions where platelet levels drop, such as after significant blood loss or in certain medical conditions, the body increases TPO production to stimulate megakaryocyte activity.Understanding the biology of megakaryocytes has significant clinical implications. Disorders related to megakaryocyte function can lead to either thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) or thrombocythemia (high platelet count). Thrombocytopenia can result in increased bleeding risks, while thrombocythemia can lead to abnormal clotting and potential complications like stroke or heart attack. Research into megakaryocyte biology is ongoing, with scientists exploring ways to manipulate their function for therapeutic purposes, such as treating blood disorders or enhancing wound healing.In conclusion, megakaryocytes are essential players in our circulatory system, responsible for producing platelets that help maintain blood integrity and prevent excessive bleeding. Their unique characteristics and regulatory mechanisms highlight the importance of these cells in both health and disease. As research continues to uncover the complexities of megakaryocyte biology, we gain a deeper understanding of how our bodies respond to injury and maintain balance, ultimately paving the way for innovative treatments for blood-related disorders.

人体是一个复杂而精细的系统，由多种类型的细胞组成，这些细胞执行特定的功能，对生存至关重要。其中一种细胞类型是巨核细胞，它在血小板的生成中发挥着重要作用。血小板是血液的重要成分，负责凝血，并在受伤时防止过度出血。理解巨核细胞的功能和重要性可以提供对我们身体如何维持稳态和应对伤害的见解。巨核细胞是主要存在于骨髓中的大型多核细胞。它们起源于造血干细胞，并经历独特的成熟过程。在此过程中，它们增大并复制其DNA而不进行细胞分裂，从而形成其特有的大型和多个细胞核的特征。这一独特的特征使得巨核细胞能够产生大量的血小板。一旦完全成熟，巨核细胞会将长细胞质突起称为前血小板伸展到血液中。这些突起断裂形成血小板，然后释放到循环系统中。值得注意的是，一个巨核细胞可以生成数千个血小板，显示出其对身体止血机制的巨大贡献。巨核细胞的生产和血小板释放的调节是一个受到激素和生长因子等各种因素影响的精细调控过程。肝脏和肾脏产生的促血小板生成素（TPO）是一种关键激素，刺激巨核细胞的生成并增强血小板的形成。在血小板水平下降的情况下，例如在大量失血或某些医疗条件下，身体会增加TPO的产生以刺激巨核细胞的活动。理解巨核细胞的生物学具有重要的临床意义。与巨核细胞功能相关的疾病可能导致血小板减少症（低血小板计数）或血小板增多症（高血小板计数）。血小板减少症可能导致出血风险增加，而血小板增多症则可能导致异常凝血和潜在的并发症，如中风或心脏病发作。对巨核细胞生物学的研究正在进行，科学家们正在探索操纵其功能以用于治疗目的的方法，例如治疗血液疾病或增强伤口愈合。总之，巨核细胞是我们循环系统中必不可少的参与者，负责产生帮助维持血液完整性和防止过度出血的血小板。它们独特的特征和调节机制突显了这些细胞在健康和疾病中的重要性。随着研究继续揭示巨核细胞生物学的复杂性，我们对身体如何应对伤害和维持平衡有了更深入的理解，最终为血液相关疾病的创新治疗铺平了道路。