janissary

简明释义

英[ˈdʒænɪsəri]美[ˈdʒænɪˌseri]

n. 亲信，爪牙；土耳其士兵

复 数 j a n i s s a r i e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Random offenders would be hauled off to the kitchen to spend a lifetime washing dishes, Janissary style.

可是无意中冒犯的人又会被拖到厨房里罚洗菜一辈子，这又是土尔其禁军式做法。

2.Random offenders would be hauled off to the kitchen to spend a lifetime washing dishes, Janissary style.

可是无意中冒犯的人又会被拖到厨房里罚洗菜一辈子，这又是土尔其禁军式做法。

3.A famous janissary 扬尼斯兵 leader led the charge in several crucial battles.

一位著名的扬尼斯兵指挥官在几场关键战役中发起冲锋。

4.In the 15th century, a janissary 扬尼斯兵 could rise to high ranks in the military.

在15世纪，扬尼斯兵可以在军队中晋升到高位。

5.The Ottoman Empire's elite troops were known as the janissary 扬尼斯兵 corps.

奥斯曼帝国的精锐部队被称为扬尼斯兵军团。

6.The training of a janissary 扬尼斯兵 was rigorous and demanding.

一名扬尼斯兵的训练是严格而艰苦的。

7.The janissary 扬尼斯兵 system was a key part of the Ottoman military strategy.

扬尼斯兵制度是奥斯曼军事战略的关键部分。

作文

The term janissary refers to a member of the elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Empire's military from the late 14th century until the corps was abolished in the early 19th century. These soldiers were originally recruited through the devshirme system, where Christian boys were taken from their families, converted to Islam, and trained to serve the Sultan. The janissaries became known for their discipline, loyalty, and effectiveness in battle, often playing a crucial role in the expansion of the Ottoman Empire across Europe, Asia, and Africa.The history of the janissary corps is fascinating and reflects the complexities of the Ottoman military and political structure. Initially, these soldiers were viewed as a privilege and a pathway to social mobility for the families whose sons were taken. Over time, however, the janissaries began to gain significant political power, which led to corruption and a decline in their military effectiveness. They became a powerful political force within the empire, often intervening in state affairs and even deposing sultans.As the empire faced challenges from both internal and external forces, the janissaries resisted reforms aimed at modernizing the military. Their refusal to adapt to new military strategies and technologies contributed to the eventual weakening of the Ottoman military. In 1826, Sultan Mahmud II initiated a campaign against the janissaries, leading to their dissolution in an event known as the Auspicious Incident. This marked the end of the janissary corps and signified a turning point in the modernization of the Ottoman Empire.The legacy of the janissaries extends beyond their military prowess; they have become a symbol of the complexities of loyalty and power within empires. Their story serves as a reminder of how military organizations can evolve from elite units to powerful political entities that can challenge the very authority they were meant to serve. Historically, the janissaries have been romanticized in literature and art, often depicted as heroic figures who fought valiantly for their empire. However, their history is also one of conflict, resistance to change, and the eventual consequences of their power.In contemporary discussions, the term janissary can be used metaphorically to describe individuals or groups that are fiercely loyal to a cause or leader, often to the detriment of their own interests or the interests of others. This usage reflects the dual nature of loyalty and power dynamics, showcasing how allegiance can sometimes lead to negative outcomes.In conclusion, the janissary corps was a pivotal institution in the history of the Ottoman Empire, embodying the complexities of military service, loyalty, and political power. Their rise and fall illustrate the challenges faced by organizations that resist change and adaptation in a rapidly evolving world. The legacy of the janissaries continues to resonate today, reminding us of the intricate relationships between power, loyalty, and the consequences of military might.

“janissary”一词指的是奥斯曼帝国军事精英步兵部队的成员，该部队从14世纪末开始形成，直到19世纪初被解散。这些士兵最初是通过德夫希尔梅制度招募的，即基督教男孩被从家庭中带走，改信伊斯兰教，并接受训练以侍奉苏丹。janissaries以其纪律、忠诚和战斗效力而闻名，通常在奥斯曼帝国扩展到欧洲、亚洲和非洲的过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。janissary军团的历史令人着迷，反映了奥斯曼军事和政治结构的复杂性。最初，这些士兵被视为一种特权和社会流动的途径，家庭的儿子被带走。然而，随着时间的推移，janissaries开始获得显著的政治权力，这导致了腐败和他们军事效能的下降。他们成为帝国内部一个强大的政治力量，常常干预国家事务，甚至罢黜苏丹。随着帝国面临来自内部和外部的挑战，janissaries抵制旨在现代化军队的改革。他们拒绝适应新的军事战略和技术，导致奥斯曼军队的最终削弱。1826年，苏丹马赫穆德二世发起了一场针对janissaries的运动，导致他们在一个被称为“吉祥事件”的事件中被解散。这标志着janissary军团的结束，并意味着奥斯曼帝国现代化的一个转折点。janissaries的遗产超越了他们的军事才能；他们已成为帝国忠诚与权力复杂性的象征。他们的故事提醒我们，军事组织如何从精英单位演变为可以挑战其本应服务的权威的强大政治实体。历史上，janissaries在文学和艺术中被浪漫化，常常被描绘成为帝国英勇作战的英雄人物。然而，他们的历史也是冲突、对变革的抵抗以及权力最终后果的历史。在当代讨论中，janissary一词可以比喻性地用来描述那些对某个事业或领导者表现出强烈忠诚的个人或群体，常常损害他们自身的利益或他人的利益。这种用法反映了忠诚与权力动态的双重性质，展示了效忠有时会导致负面结果。总之，janissary军团是奥斯曼帝国历史上一个关键的机构，体现了军事服务、忠诚和政治权力的复杂性。他们的兴衰说明了那些在快速变化的世界中抵制变革和适应的组织所面临的挑战。janissaries的遗产今天仍然引起共鸣，提醒我们权力、忠诚和军事力量后果之间错综复杂的关系。