hydroxylation

简明释义

英[haɪˈdrɒksɪˌleɪʃən]美[haɪdrɑːksɪˈleɪʃn]

n. [有化] 羟基化

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The methods of the modification of phospholipids were summarized, such as hydroxylation, hydrogenation, hydrolyzation, acetylation, and so on.

本文主要介绍了磷脂的化学改性方法，例如：羟基化、氢化、酶水解、酰化等。

2.QU exhibited competitive inhibition of CYP3A2 dextromethorphan N-demethylation reaction and expressed noncompetitive inhibition of CYP2E1 chlorzoxazone-6-hydroxylation reaction.

槲皮素竞争性抑制CYP3A2右美沙芬N脱甲基反应，非竞争性抑制CYP2E1氯唑沙宗6羟化反应。

3.At the same time green chemistry technique of the hydroxylation of 4-tert-butyl-pyrocatechol is the research focus in future.

其中对叔丁基苯酚羟基化法是绿色化学工艺，是今后研究的重点。

4.The simulating study of the formation and inhibition of phenolic tars in the process of diphenols preparation by hydroxylation of phenol with iron-based composite oxides as catalyst was conducted.

对铁基复合氧化物催化苯酚羟基化合成苯二酚反应过程酚焦油的生成反应进行了模拟研究。

5.In normal rice plants, bentazon resistance is due to bentazon hydroxylation in the plant cells, followed by metabolism to nonphytotoxic glucose conjugates of 6-OH-bentazon and 8-OH-bentazon.

普通水稻品种具有对苯达松抗性是由于苯达松在普通水稻品种细胞中被羟基化，并最终被代谢为对植物无毒性的6 OH 葡萄糖苷苯达松和8 OH 葡萄糖苷苯达松。

6.Aromatic cytokinins metabolism is classified under four broad headings: interconversion, hydroxylation, conjugation and oxidation.

它的代谢具有相互转换、羟基化作用、结合作用和氧化降解四个特征。

7.The salicylate hydroxylase, a important enzyme in bacterial naphthalene degradation pathway, catalyzes the decarboxylative hydroxylation of salicylate to form catechol.

水杨酸羟化酶是细菌萘降解途径中的关键酶，它能催化水杨酸脱羟和羟化，生成儿茶酚。

8.The hydroxylation (羟基化) of steroids is crucial for their biological activity.

类固醇的羟基化对于它们的生物活性至关重要。

9.The introduction of a hydroxyl group through hydroxylation (羟基化) can increase the solubility of organic compounds.

通过羟基化引入羟基可以增加有机化合物的溶解度。

10.In drug metabolism, hydroxylation (羟基化) can significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of a compound.

在药物代谢中，羟基化可以显著影响化合物的药代动力学。

11.The process of converting phenols into catechols involves the enzymatic hydroxylation (羟基化) of the aromatic ring.

将酚类转化为儿茶酚的过程涉及芳香环的酶促羟基化。

12.Researchers are studying the hydroxylation (羟基化) pathways in plants to enhance their resistance to pests.

研究人员正在研究植物中的羟基化途径，以增强其对害虫的抵抗力。

作文

Hydroxylation is a crucial biochemical process that involves the addition of a hydroxyl group (-OH) to a molecule. This reaction plays a significant role in various biological systems, particularly in the metabolism of drugs and the synthesis of hormones. The importance of hydroxylation (羟基化) can be observed in many areas of pharmacology, biochemistry, and environmental science.In the context of drug metabolism, hydroxylation (羟基化) is often one of the first steps in the biotransformation of pharmaceuticals. When a drug enters the body, it is usually lipophilic, meaning it is soluble in fats and oils. This property allows the drug to easily cross cell membranes and reach its target sites. However, to facilitate excretion and reduce toxicity, the body must convert these lipophilic compounds into more hydrophilic forms. Hydroxylation (羟基化) serves this purpose by introducing hydroxyl groups, which increase the solubility of the drug in water, allowing it to be eliminated through urine or bile.Additionally, hydroxylation (羟基化) is essential in the synthesis of steroid hormones. For instance, the conversion of cholesterol into various steroid hormones involves multiple hydroxylation (羟基化) reactions. These hormones, such as cortisol and testosterone, are vital for numerous physiological processes, including stress response, immune function, and reproductive health. Without adequate hydroxylation (羟基化), the body would struggle to produce these critical hormones, leading to significant health issues.Moreover, hydroxylation (羟基化) also plays a role in environmental science, particularly in the degradation of pollutants. Many environmental contaminants, such as pesticides and industrial chemicals, undergo hydroxylation (羟基化) reactions in the presence of microorganisms. This transformation helps to detoxify harmful substances, making them less toxic and more amenable to breakdown by natural processes. Understanding the mechanisms behind hydroxylation (羟基化) can aid in developing bioremediation strategies to clean up contaminated environments effectively.Despite its significance, the process of hydroxylation (羟基化) is not without challenges. Various factors, including genetic variability, diet, and the presence of other substances, can influence the rate and efficiency of hydroxylation (羟基化). For example, certain genetic polymorphisms can lead to differences in enzyme activity responsible for hydroxylation (羟基化), resulting in altered drug metabolism among individuals. This variability highlights the importance of personalized medicine, where treatment plans can be tailored based on an individual's metabolic capacity.In conclusion, hydroxylation (羟基化) is a vital biochemical process that impacts various fields, from pharmacology to environmental science. Its ability to modify molecules enhances drug solubility, facilitates hormone synthesis, and aids in pollutant degradation. As research continues to unveil the complexities of hydroxylation (羟基化), we gain a deeper understanding of its implications for health and the environment. Recognizing the importance of this process may lead to advancements in therapeutic strategies and ecological preservation efforts.

羟基化是一个重要的生化过程，涉及向分子中添加羟基（-OH）。这一反应在各种生物系统中发挥着重要作用，特别是在药物代谢和激素合成中。羟基化（hydroxylation）的重要性可以在药理学、生物化学和环境科学的许多领域得到体现。在药物代谢的背景下，羟基化（羟基化）通常是药物生物转化的第一步。当药物进入体内时，它通常是亲脂性的，这意味着它溶于脂肪和油中。这种特性使得药物能够轻易穿越细胞膜并到达其靶点。然而，为了促进排泄和减少毒性，身体必须将这些亲脂性化合物转化为更亲水的形式。羟基化（羟基化）通过引入羟基来实现这一目的，从而增加药物在水中的溶解度，使其能够通过尿液或胆汁排出。此外，羟基化（羟基化）在类固醇激素的合成中也是必不可少的。例如，胆固醇转化为各种类固醇激素涉及多个羟基化（羟基化）反应。这些激素，如皮质醇和睾酮，对于许多生理过程至关重要，包括应激反应、免疫功能和生殖健康。没有足够的羟基化（羟基化），身体将难以产生这些关键激素，导致重大健康问题。此外，羟基化（羟基化）在环境科学中也发挥着作用，特别是在污染物降解方面。许多环境污染物，如农药和工业化学品，在微生物存在的情况下经历羟基化（羟基化）反应。这种转化有助于解毒有害物质，使其变得不那么有毒，更容易通过自然过程降解。理解羟基化（羟基化）背后的机制可以帮助制定生物修复策略，以有效清理受污染的环境。尽管其重要性，羟基化（羟基化）过程并非没有挑战。各种因素，包括遗传变异、饮食和其他物质的存在，都会影响羟基化（羟基化）的速率和效率。例如，某些遗传多态性可能导致负责羟基化（羟基化）的酶活性差异，导致个体之间的药物代谢改变。这种变异突显了个性化医学的重要性，在这种医学中，治疗方案可以根据个体的代谢能力进行调整。总之，羟基化（羟基化）是一个重要的生化过程，影响着药理学到环境科学的各个领域。其修改分子的能力增强了药物的溶解度，促进了激素合成，并有助于污染物降解。随着研究继续揭示羟基化（羟基化）的复杂性，我们对其对健康和环境的影响有了更深入的理解。认识到这一过程的重要性可能会推动治疗策略和生态保护工作的进步。