manorial

简明释义

英[məˈnɔːriəl]美[məˈnɔːriəl]

adj. 庄园的；采邑的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.It was not a manorial home in the ordinary sense, with fields, and pastures, and a grumbling farmer, out of whom the owner had to squeeze an income for himself and his family by hook or by crook.

它不是一座普通意义上的庄园，没有田地，没有牧场，也没有让庄园主为了自己和家庭的日常开销而从他们身上把油水挤出来的牢骚满腹的农工。

2.For these reasons, manorial economy of England reached its peak at the end of the 13 ~ (th) century.

在此管理体制、方法及思想的共同作用下，英国庄园经济于十三世纪末达到其鼎盛时期。

3.Chapter I of the thesis discusses the manorial history and literary tradition.

本文的第一部分论述庄园的历史与文学传统。

4.The Western European serfdom is one kind of economic forms in Western European feudal society, and it was suitable for the self-sufficient manorial economy.

中世纪西欧农奴制是西欧封建社会的一种经济形态，与自给自足的庄园经济相适应。

5.In time the manorial court was regarded as having two natures.

当时，采邑法庭被认为具有两种类型。

6.It was not a manorial home in the ordinary sense, with fields, and pastures, and a grumbling farmer, out of whom the owner had to squeeze an income for himself and his family by hook or by crook.

它不是一座普通意义上的庄园，没有田地，没有牧场，也没有让庄园主为了自己和家庭的日常开销而从他们身上把油水挤出来的牢骚满腹的农工。

7.In irised out had on urban area big land, ancient was the solemn manorial lord drives to eagerly anticipate us personally to visit him to construct to take vacation newly the manor.

在圈出了有一个城市面积大的土地上，古乃穆庄园主亲自驾车引领我们来参观他新修建中的度假庄园。

8.Archaeologists have uncovered several manorial sites that date back to the 12th century.

考古学家发现了几个追溯到12世纪的庄园的遗址。

9.The manorial court dealt with local disputes and issues among the peasants.

庄园的法庭处理农民之间的地方争端和问题。

10.The manorial system was a key feature of medieval European society.

庄园的制度是中世纪欧洲社会的一个关键特征。

11.The lord of the manorial estate had significant power over the serfs.

庄园的领主对农奴拥有重要的权力。

12.Many manorial estates were self-sufficient, producing everything the inhabitants needed.

许多庄园的地产是自给自足的，生产居民所需的一切。

作文

The concept of the feudal system has always intrigued historians and scholars alike. One of the most significant aspects of this system is the role of the manorial (庄园的) structure, which served as the backbone of medieval rural life. The manorial (庄园的) system was not just a means of organizing land; it represented a complex socio-economic framework that defined relationships between lords, vassals, and peasants.At the heart of the manorial (庄园的) system was the manor itself, a large estate that included the lord's residence, agricultural land, and various buildings that housed peasants and their livestock. Each manor operated as an independent unit, with the lord exercising control over the land and its inhabitants. The peasants, who worked the land, were bound to the manor by various obligations, including labor and rent. This relationship was mutually beneficial; while the lord provided protection and governance, the peasants ensured the productivity of the land.The manorial (庄园的) economy was largely self-sufficient. Most manors produced everything needed for daily life, from food to clothing. The lord would often employ skilled craftsmen within the manor to produce tools, furniture, and other necessary items. This self-sufficiency meant that manors could thrive independently, although they still engaged in trade with neighboring manors and towns.Social hierarchy played a crucial role in the manorial (庄园的) system. At the top was the lord, who held significant power and wealth. Below him were the vassals, who might manage smaller estates or serve the lord in military capacities. The peasants, often referred to as serfs, occupied the lowest tier of this hierarchy. Their status was one of servitude, and they had limited rights compared to the upper classes. However, it is essential to recognize that despite their lower status, peasants formed the backbone of the manorial (庄园的) system, as their labor was vital for agricultural production.The decline of the manorial (庄园的) system began in the late Middle Ages, influenced by various factors such as the growth of towns and trade, the Black Death, and changing economic dynamics. As population levels fluctuated, many manors faced labor shortages, prompting lords to offer better conditions to attract workers. This shift marked the beginning of the end for the traditional manorial (庄园的) structure, paving the way for a more modern economic system.In conclusion, understanding the manorial (庄园的) system is essential for grasping the complexities of medieval society. It illustrates the interconnectedness of social hierarchies, economic practices, and daily life during a pivotal era in history. The legacy of the manorial (庄园的) system can still be seen today in various aspects of land ownership and agricultural practices, reminding us of the profound impact that historical frameworks have on contemporary society.

封建制度的概念一直吸引着历史学家和学者们。这个制度中最重要的一个方面是manorial（庄园的）结构，它作为中世纪乡村生活的支柱。manorial（庄园的）制度不仅仅是一种土地组织的方式；它代表了一个复杂的社会经济框架，定义了领主、附庸和农民之间的关系。在manorial（庄园的）制度的核心是庄园本身，一个大型地产，包括领主的住所、农田以及各种建筑，这些建筑为农民和他们的牲畜提供居住场所。每个庄园作为一个独立单位运作，领主对土地及其居民行使控制权。耕作土地的农民被各种义务束缚，包括劳动和租金。这种关系是互惠的；虽然领主提供保护和治理，但农民确保了土地的生产力。manorial（庄园的）经济在很大程度上是自给自足的。大多数庄园生产日常生活所需的一切，从食物到衣物。领主通常会在庄园内雇佣熟练工匠来生产工具、家具和其他必要物品。这种自给自足意味着庄园可以独立繁荣，尽管它们仍与邻近的庄园和城镇进行贸易。社会等级在manorial（庄园的）制度中发挥了至关重要的作用。顶层是领主，他拥有显著的权力和财富。其下是附庸，他们可能管理较小的地产或以军事身份服务于领主。农民，通常被称为农奴，处于这个等级结构的最低层。他们的地位是奴役，和上层阶级相比，他们的权利有限。然而，必须认识到，尽管他们的地位较低，农民仍然是manorial（庄园的）制度的支柱，因为他们的劳动对于农业生产至关重要。manorial（庄园的）制度的衰落始于中世纪晚期，受到多种因素的影响，如城镇和贸易的增长、黑死病以及经济动态的变化。随着人口水平波动，许多庄园面临劳动力短缺，促使领主提供更好的条件以吸引工人。这一转变标志着传统manorial（庄园的）结构的开始结束，为更现代的经济体系铺平了道路。总之，理解manorial（庄园的）制度对于把握中世纪社会的复杂性至关重要。它展示了社会等级、经济实践和日常生活在历史关键时代的相互联系。manorial（庄园的）制度的遗产今天仍在土地所有权和农业实践的各个方面中可见，提醒我们历史框架对当代社会的深远影响。