asthenosphere

简明释义

英[əsˈθiːnəˌsfɪə]美[æsˈθinəˌsfɪr]

n. [地质] 软流圈；岩流圈

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The orogenic types were controlled by the relative motion mechanism between lithosphere and asthenosphere.

板块和软流圈之间不同的相对运动机制是形成不同类型造山作用的主要原因。

2.Asthenosphere uplift indicates the deep adjustment process during the interaction of plates, and also shows the adjusting process of gravitational equilibrium between upper layer of crust and mantle.

软流圈隆升是板块相互作用的深部调整过程，同时也是地壳表层—地幔进行重力均衡调整的过程。

3.The strike of faults along which strong earthquakes occurred and direction of migration of epicenters are coincident with the orientation of isobaths of the top surface of the asthenosphere.

强烈地震的断层走向、震中迁移方向与软流圈顶面等深线轴向方向一致。

4.The mantle convection is the primary driving force for the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins, and manifested in the position of the asthenosphere, Moho discontinuity and mantle plume.

软流圈上涌高度，莫霍面或地幔羽的位置是地幔对流的具体的表现。

5.That is one of the possible reasons why there is no "high-conductive layer of the upper mantle" in the MT profile from Yingxian to Shanghe, which images the asthenosphere electrical characters.

这也许正是根据现今应县—商河剖面上大地电磁的探测结果看不出来存在通常所说的反映“软流圈”电性特征的“上地幔高导层”的原因。

6.The petroleum thermodynamic equilibrium calculation demonstrates that oils can be originated in mantle's asthenosphere.

石油的热动力平衡计算也证明石油形成于地幔软流层部位。

7.During extensional activities of Late Cretaceo us to Eogene, intense upwelling of asthenosphere happened under the fault zone, leading to lithospheric necking in pure shear mode1.

断裂带在晚白垩世-早第三纪的伸展活动中，软流圈进行了强烈的上隆，岩石圈出现了显著的细颈化，属于纯剪切伸展模式。

8.The heating from the asthenosphere on the crust subsequently resulted in the intensive magmatism, mineralization, and widespread development of extensional structures in eastern China.

幔源岩浆的底侵及软流圈对地壳的直接加热作用，使上覆地壳发生大规模的岩浆和成矿作用，并导致中国东部中生代时期伸展构造的广泛发育。

9.The Okinawa Trough is a back arc basin still driven by the converging asthenosphere.

冲绳海槽仍是一个软流圈在汇聚的弧后盆地。

10.The asthenosphere plays a crucial role in the movement of continents over geological time.

软流圈在地质时间内大陆的运动中起着至关重要的作用。

11.The tectonic plates float on the semi-fluid layer known as the asthenosphere, which is located beneath the lithosphere.

构造板块漂浮在被称为软流圈的半流体层上，该层位于岩石圈之下。

12.Volcanic activity is often influenced by movements in the asthenosphere, causing magma to rise to the surface.

火山活动通常受到软流圈中运动的影响，导致岩浆上升到地表。

13.Geologists study the properties of the asthenosphere to understand how it affects plate tectonics.

地质学家研究软流圈的特性，以了解它如何影响板块构造。

14.Seismic waves can provide information about the viscosity of the asthenosphere during an earthquake.

地震波可以提供关于地震期间软流圈粘度的信息。

作文

The Earth is a complex and dynamic planet, composed of various layers that play crucial roles in its geological processes. One of the most significant layers is the asthenosphere, which lies beneath the lithosphere and extends to about 700 kilometers deep into the Earth’s mantle. The asthenosphere is characterized by its semi-fluid nature, allowing it to flow slowly over geological time. This layer is essential for the movement of tectonic plates, which are rigid segments of the Earth's crust that float on the more malleable asthenosphere. Understanding the asthenosphere is vital for geologists and earth scientists who study plate tectonics and the mechanisms behind earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The semi-fluid characteristics of the asthenosphere enable the tectonic plates to move, collide, and slide past each other. This movement is responsible for many geological phenomena, including the formation of mountains, oceanic trenches, and volcanic islands. Moreover, the asthenosphere plays a critical role in the recycling of materials within the Earth. As tectonic plates converge, one plate may be forced beneath another in a process known as subduction. The asthenosphere allows for the sinking of these plates into the mantle, where they can melt and contribute to the formation of magma. This process is essential for the creation of new crust and the continuation of the rock cycle. In addition to its role in tectonic activity, the asthenosphere also influences the Earth's geothermal gradient. The temperature increases with depth, and the asthenosphere is a region where temperatures are high enough to partially melt rocks. This partial melting leads to the generation of magma, which can rise to the surface and result in volcanic activity. Thus, the asthenosphere is not only a key player in plate tectonics but also in the processes that lead to volcanic eruptions. The study of the asthenosphere has evolved significantly over the years. Early models of the Earth's interior suggested a rigid mantle, but advancements in seismic studies have revealed the existence of this semi-fluid layer. By analyzing the way seismic waves travel through the Earth, scientists have been able to infer the properties of the asthenosphere and its importance in the dynamics of our planet. Furthermore, understanding the asthenosphere can provide insights into the history of the Earth. The movement of tectonic plates and the behavior of the asthenosphere have shaped the continents and ocean basins over millions of years. By studying these processes, scientists can better understand past climate changes, the distribution of natural resources, and the potential for future geological hazards. In conclusion, the asthenosphere is a vital layer of the Earth that facilitates the movement of tectonic plates and plays a significant role in geological processes. Its semi-fluid nature allows for the recycling of materials, the generation of magma, and the shaping of the Earth's surface. As we continue to explore and study our planet, the asthenosphere remains a key area of interest for scientists seeking to unravel the complexities of Earth's geology.

地球是一个复杂而动态的星球，由各种层次组成，这些层次在其地质过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。其中最重要的层次之一是软流圈，它位于岩石圈之下，延伸到大约700公里深的地幔中。软流圈的特征是其半流体性质，使其能够在地质时间尺度上缓慢流动。这一层对于构造板块的运动至关重要，构造板块是浮在更可塑的软流圈上的刚性地壳部分。理解软流圈对研究构造板块和地震、火山喷发机制的地质学家和地球科学家至关重要。软流圈的半流体特性使得构造板块能够移动、碰撞和滑动。这种运动负责许多地质现象的发生，包括山脉、海洋沟和火山岛的形成。此外，软流圈在地球内部物质的循环中也起着关键作用。当构造板块相互逼近时，一个板块可能会被迫沉没到另一个板块之下，这一过程称为俯冲。软流圈允许这些板块沉入地幔，在那里它们可以融化并促进岩浆的形成。这个过程对于新地壳的生成和岩石循环的持续至关重要。除了在构造活动中的作用外，软流圈还影响着地球的地热梯度。随着深度的增加，温度升高，而软流圈是一个温度足够高以部分熔化岩石的区域。这种部分熔化导致了岩浆的生成，岩浆可以上升到地表并导致火山活动。因此，软流圈不仅是构造板块运动的关键参与者，也是导致火山喷发过程的重要因素。对软流圈的研究近年来有了显著的发展。早期的地球内部模型建议存在一个刚性的地幔，但地震研究的进展揭示了这一半流体层的存在。通过分析地震波在地球内部传播的方式，科学家们能够推断出软流圈的特性及其在我们星球动力学中的重要性。此外，理解软流圈可以提供对地球历史的洞察。构造板块的运动和软流圈的行为在数百万年间塑造了大陆和海洋盆地。通过研究这些过程，科学家们可以更好地理解过去的气候变化、自然资源的分布以及未来地质灾害的潜在风险。总之，软流圈是地球的重要层次，它促进了构造板块的运动，并在地质过程中发挥着重要作用。它的半流体性质使得物质的循环、岩浆的生成以及地球表面的塑造成为可能。在我们继续探索和研究我们的星球时，软流圈仍然是科学家们寻求解开地球地质复杂性的重要领域。