theodicy

简明释义

英[θɪˈɒdɪsɪ]美[θɪˈɑdəsi]

n. 神义论；神正论；自然神学

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英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Augustine is one of the major representatives of traditional theodicy.

奥古斯丁是传统神正论的主要代表。

2.A theodicy of course is a response to the problem of evil.

神义论自然是对罪恶问题的回应。

3.Theodicy is the term coined by the eighteenth-century philosopher Leibniz, and he applied this term theodicy to just that kind of philosophical sentiment that's implied by its etymology.

斯奥迪斯是由18世纪哲学家莱布尼兹创造的，他用斯奥迪斯这个词指代，它的语源表达的哲学思想。

4.Frederick Douglass called it "a sacred effort," and Lincoln himself thought that his Second Inaugural, which offered a theodicy of the Civil War, was better than the Gettysburg Address.

弗雷·德利克·道格拉斯称它为“神圣的努力”。林肯自己认为他的第二次就职演讲为内战提供了道义论根据，因而比葛底斯堡演说更为优秀。

5.Hans Jonas' philosophy of responsibility is a constructive result which realized a creative transformation by combining traditional theodicy with modern reflection.

汉斯·约纳斯的责任哲学就是把传统神正论和现代性反思结合起来进行创造性转换的积极成果。

6.They asserted to transform the traditional theodicy in the Postmodernism sight and to combine it with modern reflection.

他们坚持后现代视野，对传统神正论进行当代转换，并使之与现代性反思结合起来。

7.The discussion on theodicy 神正论 often arises in theological debates about God's nature.

关于神正论 神正论的讨论常常出现在有关上帝本性的神学辩论中。

8.The philosopher's approach to theodicy 神正论 emphasizes free will as a key element in human suffering.

这位哲学家对神正论 神正论的看法强调自由意志是人类痛苦的关键因素。

9.In his book, the author explores the concept of theodicy 神正论 to address the problem of evil in the world.

在他的书中，作者探讨了神正论 神正论的概念，以解决世界上邪恶的问题。

10.In times of tragedy, people often seek a theodicy 神正论 to help explain why bad things happen to good people.

在悲剧发生时，人们常常寻求一种神正论 神正论来帮助解释为什么好人会遭遇不幸。

11.Many philosophers have tried to develop a satisfactory theodicy 神正论 that reconciles faith with the existence of suffering.

许多哲学家试图发展一个令人满意的神正论 神正论，以调和信仰与痛苦的存在。

作文

The concept of theodicy is an intriguing aspect of philosophical and theological discourse, particularly when it comes to understanding the nature of suffering and evil in a world that is often perceived as governed by a benevolent deity. The term itself derives from the Greek words 'theos,' meaning God, and 'dike,' meaning justice. Thus, theodicy can be understood as a justification of God's goodness and justice in the face of the existence of evil. This philosophical inquiry has been a central theme in many religious traditions, as believers grapple with the apparent paradox of a loving God allowing suffering and injustice to prevail in the world.One of the most famous examples of theodicy comes from the biblical story of Job. In this narrative, Job is a righteous man who experiences immense suffering despite his faithfulness to God. His friends attempt to explain his suffering through various arguments, suggesting that it must be a punishment for sin or a test of faith. However, Job's struggle raises profound questions about the nature of divine justice and the reasons behind human suffering. Ultimately, God responds to Job, not by providing answers, but by emphasizing the mystery of divine wisdom that surpasses human understanding. This story illustrates the complexities involved in formulating a satisfactory theodicy.Philosophers such as Leibniz have also contributed significantly to discussions surrounding theodicy. Leibniz famously argued that we live in the best of all possible worlds, suggesting that the existence of evil serves a greater purpose in the divine plan. According to this view, the presence of suffering and hardship is necessary for the development of virtues such as courage, compassion, and resilience. While this perspective provides some comfort, it can also be criticized for minimizing the real pain and suffering experienced by individuals.In contemporary discussions, theodicy continues to evolve, especially in light of modern existentialist thought. Thinkers like Dostoevsky have explored the depths of human despair and the struggle to find meaning in suffering. In his novel 'The Brothers Karamazov,' the character Ivan Karamazov challenges the notion of a just God by recounting instances of innocent suffering, particularly the suffering of children. This poignant critique forces readers to confront the limitations of traditional theodicy and consider the implications of a world where suffering exists without clear justification.Moreover, the problem of evil has been further complicated by contemporary events such as natural disasters, pandemics, and acts of terrorism. These occurrences prompt individuals and communities to question their beliefs and seek new frameworks for understanding the relationship between divine justice and human suffering. Many have turned to a process theology approach, which posits that God is not all-controlling but rather is in a dynamic relationship with creation, responding to the unfolding of events in a way that allows for genuine human freedom.In conclusion, theodicy remains a vital area of inquiry within philosophy and theology. It challenges us to confront our beliefs about God, justice, and the nature of suffering. As we navigate our own experiences of pain and loss, the quest for a coherent theodicy may lead us to deeper reflections on the human condition and our relationship with the divine. Ultimately, while we may not find definitive answers, engaging with the complexities of theodicy can foster empathy and understanding in a world that often seems marked by chaos and suffering.

“神义论”这一概念是哲学和神学讨论中的一个引人入胜的方面，特别是在理解一个常常被视为由仁慈的神所主宰的世界中的痛苦和邪恶的性质时。这个术语本身源自希腊词“theos”，意为上帝，以及“dike”，意为正义。因此，“神义论”可以理解为在邪恶存在的情况下对上帝的善良和正义的辩护。这一哲学探讨在许多宗教传统中都是一个核心主题，因为信徒们努力应对一个充满痛苦和不公的世界中，仁爱上帝的明显悖论。“神义论”的一个著名例子来自圣经故事《约伯记》。在这个叙述中，约伯是一个义人，尽管他对上帝忠诚，却经历了巨大的痛苦。他的朋友试图通过各种论点来解释他的痛苦，暗示这一定是对罪的惩罚或对信仰的考验。然而，约伯的挣扎提出了关于神圣正义的本质以及人类痛苦背后原因的深刻问题。最终，上帝回应约伯，并没有提供答案，而是强调超越人类理解的神圣智慧之谜。这个故事说明了制定令人满意的“神义论”所涉及的复杂性。哲学家如莱布尼茨也对围绕“神义论”的讨论做出了重大贡献。莱布尼茨著名地认为，我们生活在所有可能的最佳世界中，暗示邪恶的存在在神圣计划中服务于更大的目的。根据这种观点，痛苦和困难的存在对于发展勇气、同情和韧性等美德是必要的。虽然这一观点提供了一些安慰，但也可能因最小化个人所经历的真实痛苦和苦难而受到批评。在当代讨论中，“神义论”继续发展，尤其是考虑到现代存在主义思想。像陀思妥耶夫斯基这样的思想家探讨了人类绝望的深度以及在痛苦中寻找意义的斗争。在他的小说《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》中，角色伊凡·卡拉马佐夫通过讲述无辜者的痛苦，特别是儿童的痛苦，挑战了公正上帝的观念。这一尖锐的批评迫使读者面对传统“神义论”的局限性，并考虑在没有明确辩护的情况下痛苦存在的世界的意义。此外，邪恶的问题因当代事件如自然灾害、流行病和恐怖主义行为而变得更加复杂。这些事件促使个人和社区质疑自己的信仰，并寻求新的框架来理解神圣正义与人类痛苦之间的关系。许多人转向过程神学方法，认为上帝并非全控，而是与创造物处于动态关系中，以一种允许真正人类自由的方式回应事件的发展。总之，“神义论”仍然是哲学和神学中一个重要的探讨领域。它挑战我们面对关于上帝、正义和痛苦本质的信仰。当我们在自己的痛苦和失落经历中航行时，对一致的“神义论”的追求可能会引导我们对人类状况及其与神圣关系的更深思考。最终，尽管我们可能找不到明确的答案，但与“神义论”的复杂性进行互动可以在一个常常看似混乱和痛苦的世界中培养同情心和理解。