alloantibody

简明释义

英[/ˌæloʊˈæntɪˌbɑdi/]美[/ˌæloʊˈæntɪˌbɑdi/]

[免疫] 同种抗体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.This study investigated 112 patients with bone marrow failure needing repeated platelet transfusion. The incidence of induced alloantibody was 53. 6%.

本文探讨了112例骨髓衰竭需长期输血小板的患者，产生同种抗体的比率为53.6%。

2.This study investigated 112 patients with bone marrow failure needing repeated platelet transfusion. The incidence of induced alloantibody was 53. 6%.

本文探讨了112例骨髓衰竭需长期输血小板的患者，产生同种抗体的比率为53.6%。

3.Patients with alloantibody may require special blood products during surgery.

有异体抗体的患者在手术期间可能需要特殊的血液制品。

4.The presence of alloantibody indicates a potential immune response to transfused blood.

存在异体抗体表明对输血可能产生免疫反应。

5.The lab found a significant level of alloantibody in the patient's serum.

实验室在患者血清中发现了显著水平的异体抗体。

6.Some pregnant women develop alloantibody against the fetus's red blood cells.

一些孕妇会对胎儿的红细胞产生异体抗体。

7.Testing for alloantibody is crucial before organ transplantation.

在器官移植前检测异体抗体至关重要。

作文

In the field of immunology, the study of antibodies plays a crucial role in understanding how our body defends itself against foreign substances. One particular type of antibody that has garnered attention is the alloantibody. An alloantibody (同种异体抗体) is an antibody that is produced in response to antigens from a genetically different individual of the same species. This phenomenon often occurs during blood transfusions, organ transplants, or pregnancy, where the immune system recognizes the foreign antigens as threats and mounts an immune response. The formation of alloantibodies can lead to serious complications. For instance, when a person receives a blood transfusion, their immune system may identify the donor's blood cells as foreign due to different antigens present on the surface of those cells. If the recipient has previously been sensitized to these antigens, they may produce alloantibodies that attack the transfused blood, resulting in hemolytic reactions. This is why it is critical for medical professionals to match blood types carefully before a transfusion.In addition to blood transfusions, alloantibodies are also significant in organ transplantation. When a patient receives an organ from a donor, their immune system may recognize the organ as foreign and produce alloantibodies against it. This immune response can lead to transplant rejection, which is a major challenge in the field of transplantation medicine. To mitigate this risk, doctors often use immunosuppressive drugs to dampen the immune response and prevent the formation of alloantibodies.Pregnancy presents another interesting scenario involving alloantibodies. A mother can develop alloantibodies against her fetus if the fetus inherits antigens from the father that are not present in the mother. This can lead to conditions such as hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), where the mother's alloantibodies attack the fetal red blood cells. To prevent this, prenatal screening is essential, and in some cases, treatments such as Rh immunoglobulin injections are administered to prevent the formation of alloantibodies.Understanding alloantibodies is vital for clinicians and researchers alike. It helps them anticipate potential complications in various medical procedures and develop strategies to manage or prevent adverse reactions. Furthermore, ongoing research into alloantibodies could lead to improved techniques in organ matching, blood transfusions, and maternal-fetal medicine, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.In conclusion, alloantibodies are a fascinating aspect of the immune response that highlights the complexity of interactions between different individuals of the same species. Their implications in transfusion medicine, transplantation, and pregnancy underscore the importance of understanding this phenomenon in order to provide safe and effective medical care. As science continues to advance, our knowledge of alloantibodies will likely evolve, offering new insights and solutions to the challenges they present.

在免疫学领域，抗体的研究对理解我们身体如何抵御外来物质起着至关重要的作用。其中一个特别受到关注的抗体类型是alloantibody（同种异体抗体）。alloantibody是一种针对来自同一物种的不同基因个体的抗原而产生的抗体。这种现象通常发生在输血、器官移植或妊娠期间，免疫系统将外来抗原视为威胁并发起免疫反应。alloantibodies的形成可能导致严重的并发症。例如，当一个人接受输血时，他们的免疫系统可能会由于输注的血细胞表面存在不同的抗原而将供体的血细胞识别为外来物质。如果接受者之前已对这些抗原产生了敏感性，他们可能会产生攻击输血血液的alloantibodies，导致溶血反应。因此，在输血前，医疗专业人员仔细匹配血型是至关重要的。除了输血，alloantibodies在器官移植中也具有重要意义。当患者接受来自供体的器官时，他们的免疫系统可能会将该器官视为外来物质并产生针对它的alloantibodies。这种免疫反应可能导致移植排斥反应，这是移植医学领域的一大挑战。为了降低这种风险，医生通常会使用免疫抑制药物来减弱免疫反应，以防止alloantibodies的形成。妊娠则呈现出另一个有趣的场景，涉及到alloantibodies。如果胎儿从父亲那里遗传了母亲体内不存在的抗原，母亲可能会产生针对胎儿的alloantibodies。这可能导致新生儿溶血病（HDN）等病症，母亲的alloantibodies攻击胎儿的红细胞。为了预防这种情况，产前筛查至关重要，在某些情况下，会注射Rh免疫球蛋白以防止alloantibodies的形成。理解alloantibodies对于临床医生和研究人员来说都是至关重要的。这有助于他们预测各种医疗程序中的潜在并发症，并制定管理或预防不良反应的策略。此外，持续对alloantibodies的研究可能会改善器官匹配、输血和母胎医学中的技术，从而最终提高患者的治疗效果。总之，alloantibodies是免疫反应的一个迷人方面，突显了同一物种不同个体之间相互作用的复杂性。它们在输血医学、移植和妊娠中的影响强调了理解这一现象的重要性，以便提供安全有效的医疗护理。随着科学的不断进步，我们对alloantibodies的认识可能会不断发展，为应对它们带来的挑战提供新的见解和解决方案。