peroxisome

简明释义

英[pəˈrɒksɪˌsəʊm]美[pəˈrɑːksɪˌsoʊm]

n. [生化] 过氧物酶体

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.Rosiglitazone belongs to a class of drugs known as peroxisome proliferator-actiated receptor (PPAR) agonists.

罗格列酮属于称为过氧化物酶体活化受体（PPAR）促效剂一类药物。

2.Studies of the role of the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor plays in lipotoxic cardiomyopathy will provide new strategies to prevent and cure lipotoxic cardiomyopathy.

研究过氧化物酶体增殖剂活化受体在脂毒性心肌病中的作用，可以为预防和治疗脂毒性心肌病提供新思路。

3.Chemotherapy given in combination with ligands for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor - (PPAR) synergistically inhibits the growth of lung and ovarian cancer cell lines.

化疗药物联合过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)的配体能够协同抑制肺细胞癌及卵巢癌细胞。

4.The results showed that the peroxisome mainly exists in the R-cell of hepatopancreas and the labyrinth epithelium of antennary gland.

过氧化物酶体主要存在于肝胰腺细胞和触角腺的迷路上皮细胞中。

5.Chemotherapy given in combination with ligands for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor - (PPAR) synergistically inhibits the growth of lung and ovarian cancer cell lines.

化疗药物联合过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)的配体能够协同抑制肺细胞癌及卵巢癌细胞。

6.The function of the peroxisome 过氧化物酶体 in fatty acid metabolism is crucial for energy production.

在脂肪酸代谢中，过氧化物酶体的功能对能量生产至关重要。

7.Defects in peroxisome 过氧化物酶体 biogenesis can lead to serious metabolic disorders.

在过氧化物酶体生物发生中的缺陷可能导致严重的代谢障碍。

8.Researchers found that the number of peroxisome 过氧化物酶体 increases in response to oxidative stress.

研究人员发现，响应氧化压力时，过氧化物酶体的数量增加。

9.The enzyme catalase is located within the peroxisome 过氧化物酶体 and helps break down hydrogen peroxide.

酶过氧化氢酶位于过氧化物酶体内，帮助分解过氧化氢。

10.In plant cells, peroxisome 过氧化物酶体 play a role in photorespiration.

在植物细胞中，过氧化物酶体在光呼吸中发挥作用。

作文

In the intricate world of cellular biology, various organelles play crucial roles in maintaining the health and functionality of cells. One such organelle is the peroxisome, which is essential for various metabolic processes. The peroxisome is a membrane-bound compartment found in eukaryotic cells, and it is involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful substances. Understanding the function and importance of the peroxisome can provide insight into how cells manage their internal environment and respond to external stressors.The primary function of the peroxisome is to facilitate the oxidation of fatty acids through a process known as beta-oxidation. This process converts long-chain fatty acids into shorter molecules that can be used for energy production or further metabolized by other organelles, such as mitochondria. In addition to fatty acid metabolism, the peroxisome also plays a key role in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These are highly reactive molecules that can cause significant damage to cellular components if not properly managed. The peroxisome contains enzymes that convert hydrogen peroxide, a type of ROS, into water and oxygen, thereby protecting the cell from oxidative stress.Moreover, the peroxisome is involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids and the synthesis of plasmalogens, which are important components of cell membranes, particularly in the heart and brain. The proper functioning of the peroxisome is vital for maintaining cellular health, and any dysfunction within this organelle can lead to serious metabolic disorders. For example, Zellweger syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a malfunctioning peroxisome, leading to severe developmental issues and often resulting in early mortality.Research on peroxisomes has expanded significantly over the past few decades, revealing their complex roles in cellular metabolism and signaling pathways. Scientists have discovered that peroxisomes communicate with other organelles, such as mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, to coordinate cellular responses to metabolic demands. This highlights the importance of peroxisomes not only as standalone organelles but also as integral components of a larger cellular network.In conclusion, the peroxisome is a vital organelle that contributes to a variety of metabolic processes, including fatty acid oxidation and oxidative stress management. Its ability to detoxify harmful substances and its involvement in lipid metabolism underscore its importance in cellular health. Understanding the functions of the peroxisome can shed light on numerous metabolic diseases and may pave the way for new therapeutic approaches. As research continues to uncover the mysteries of this organelle, we gain a deeper appreciation for the complexity of cellular life and the intricate mechanisms that sustain it.

在细胞生物学的复杂世界中，各种细胞器在维持细胞健康和功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。其中一个重要的细胞器是过氧化物酶体，它对于各种代谢过程至关重要。过氧化物酶体是存在于真核细胞中的一种膜结合室，参与脂肪酸的分解和有害物质的解毒。理解过氧化物酶体的功能和重要性，可以提供关于细胞如何管理其内部环境以及如何应对外部压力的深入见解。过氧化物酶体的主要功能是通过称为β-氧化的过程促进脂肪酸的氧化。这个过程将长链脂肪酸转化为短链分子，这些分子可以用于能量生产或被其他细胞器（如线粒体）进一步代谢。除了脂肪酸代谢，过氧化物酶体还在反应性氧种（ROS）的解毒中发挥关键作用。这些是高度反应性的分子，如果不加以管理，会对细胞成分造成严重损害。过氧化物酶体含有将过氧化氢（一种ROS）转化为水和氧气的酶，从而保护细胞免受氧化压力。此外，过氧化物酶体还参与某些氨基酸的代谢和磷脂的合成，磷脂是细胞膜的重要组成部分，尤其是在心脏和大脑中。过氧化物酶体的正常功能对维持细胞健康至关重要，任何该细胞器内的功能障碍都可能导致严重的代谢疾病。例如，泽尔维格综合症是一种由过氧化物酶体功能失常引起的遗传疾病，导致严重的发育问题，并且通常会导致早期死亡。近年来，关于过氧化物酶体的研究显著增加，揭示了它们在细胞代谢和信号通路中的复杂角色。科学家们发现，过氧化物酶体与其他细胞器（如线粒体和内质网）进行沟通，以协调细胞对代谢需求的响应。这突显了过氧化物酶体作为独立细胞器的重要性，以及作为更大细胞网络的组成部分的不可或缺性。总之，过氧化物酶体是一个重要的细胞器，参与多种代谢过程，包括脂肪酸氧化和氧化压力管理。它解毒有害物质的能力和参与脂质代谢的作用，强调了它在细胞健康中的重要性。理解过氧化物酶体的功能可以揭示许多代谢疾病，并可能为新的治疗方法铺平道路。随着研究继续揭示这个细胞器的奥秘，我们对细胞生命的复杂性和维持其运作的微妙机制有了更深刻的认识。