dephosphorylate

简明释义

英[diːˌfɒs.fəˈreɪt]美[diːˌfɒs.fəˈreɪt]

vt. 脱去磷酸

第 三 人 称 单 数 d e p h o s p h o r y l a t e s

现 在 分 词 d e p h o s p h o r y l a t i n g

过 去 式 d e p h o s p h o r y l a t e d

过 去 分 词 d e p h o s p h o r y l a t e d

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.To activate the signaling pathway, you need to dephosphorylate the receptor.

要激活信号通路，您需要去磷酸化受体。

2.The process of cell division requires enzymes that can dephosphorylate key proteins.

细胞分裂的过程需要能够去磷酸化关键蛋白质的酶。

3.Inhibiting the action of the phosphatase prevents it from dephosphorylate the target proteins.

抑制磷酸酶的作用会阻止其去磷酸化目标蛋白质。

4.The enzyme will dephosphorylate the protein, which means it will remove a phosphate group from it.

该酶将去磷酸化蛋白质，这意味着它将从中去除一个磷酸基团。

5.Researchers are studying how certain phosphatases dephosphorylate specific substrates.

研究人员正在研究某些磷酸酶如何去磷酸化特定底物。

作文

In the intricate world of cellular biology, the regulation of various biochemical processes is crucial for the proper functioning of living organisms. One such process is phosphorylation, where a phosphate group is added to a protein or other organic molecule, thereby altering its function and activity. Conversely, the removal of this phosphate group is known as dephosphorylate, which plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating signal transduction pathways. Understanding the significance of dephosphorylate is essential for grasping how cells communicate and respond to their environment.Phosphorylation and dephosphorylate are often described as two sides of the same coin. Phosphorylation typically activates enzymes and receptors, allowing them to perform their designated functions, while dephosphorylate serves to deactivate these proteins, thereby providing a mechanism to turn off signals when they are no longer needed. This dynamic balance between phosphorylation and dephosphorylate is fundamental in various biological processes, including metabolism, cell division, and apoptosis.For instance, consider the role of protein kinases and phosphatases in cellular signaling. Protein kinases are enzymes that catalyze the addition of phosphate groups to specific substrates, promoting active states of proteins. On the other hand, phosphatases are responsible for dephosphorylate the proteins, returning them to their inactive forms. This interplay ensures that cellular responses are tightly controlled, preventing overreaction to stimuli and maintaining overall cellular health.Moreover, the process of dephosphorylate is not merely a passive event; it is an active regulatory mechanism. For example, in the case of insulin signaling, the binding of insulin to its receptor initiates a cascade of phosphorylation events that ultimately promote glucose uptake by cells. However, once the glucose levels are normalized, it is imperative for the insulin signaling pathway to be turned off. Here, dephosphorylate comes into play, reversing the phosphorylation events and restoring the system to its baseline state. Without this regulatory action, cells could become desensitized to insulin, leading to conditions such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.The implications of dephosphorylate extend beyond just metabolic control. In cancer research, for instance, many oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylate mechanisms. Mutations that affect these processes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. Therefore, understanding how to manipulate these pathways through targeted therapies that influence dephosphorylate could provide novel approaches to cancer treatment.In conclusion, the concept of dephosphorylate is integral to our understanding of cellular function and regulation. It highlights the importance of reversible modifications in biological systems, allowing for precise control over cellular activities. As research continues to uncover the complexities of these processes, the role of dephosphorylate will undoubtedly remain a focal point in the fields of biochemistry, molecular biology, and medicine. By appreciating the delicate balance between phosphorylation and dephosphorylate, we can better understand the mechanisms that underpin life itself.

在细胞生物学的复杂世界中，各种生化过程的调节对生物体的正常功能至关重要。其中一个过程是磷酸化，即将磷酸基团添加到蛋白质或其他有机分子上，从而改变其功能和活性。相反，去磷酸化（dephosphorylate）是指去除这个磷酸基团的过程，它在维持细胞内稳态和调节信号转导通路中发挥着重要作用。理解dephosphorylate的重要性对于掌握细胞如何与环境进行交流和响应至关重要。磷酸化和dephosphorylate通常被描述为一枚硬币的两面。磷酸化通常激活酶和受体，使它们能够执行指定功能，而dephosphorylate则使这些蛋白质失活，从而提供了一种在信号不再需要时关闭信号的机制。这种磷酸化与dephosphorylate之间的动态平衡在各种生物过程中至关重要，包括代谢、细胞分裂和细胞凋亡。例如，考虑一下蛋白激酶和磷酸酶在细胞信号传导中的作用。蛋白激酶是催化特定底物添加磷酸基团的酶，促进蛋白质的活性状态。另一方面，磷酸酶负责dephosphorylate蛋白质，将其恢复到非活性形式。这种相互作用确保了细胞反应的严格控制，防止对刺激的过度反应，并维持整体细胞健康。此外，dephosphorylate的过程不仅仅是一个被动事件；它是一种积极的调节机制。例如，在胰岛素信号传导的情况下，胰岛素与其受体结合后，会启动一系列磷酸化事件，最终促进细胞对葡萄糖的摄取。然而，一旦葡萄糖水平正常化，关闭胰岛素信号通路就变得至关重要。在这里，dephosphorylate发挥了作用，逆转磷酸化事件并将系统恢复到基线状态。如果没有这种调节作用，细胞可能会对胰岛素产生耐受性，导致胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病等病症。dephosphorylate的影响不仅限于代谢控制。在癌症研究中，例如，许多癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因都受到磷酸化和dephosphorylate机制的调节。影响这些过程的突变可能导致细胞生长失控和肿瘤形成。因此，理解如何通过靶向疗法来操纵这些通路，以影响dephosphorylate，可能为癌症治疗提供新的方法。总之，dephosphorylate的概念对于我们理解细胞功能和调节至关重要。它突显了生物系统中可逆修饰的重要性，从而允许对细胞活动进行精确控制。随着研究不断揭示这些过程的复杂性，dephosphorylate的角色无疑将继续成为生物化学、分子生物学和医学领域的焦点。通过欣赏磷酸化与dephosphorylate之间的微妙平衡，我们可以更好地理解支撑生命本身的机制。