lustration

简明释义

英[lʌsˈtreɪʃən]美[lʌsˈtreɪʃən]

n. 清净；洁净

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.This paper introduces a new type of spinning underwater vehicle with detailed il-lustration of its system structure and working principles and offers the design of a fuzzy con-troller.

提出了一种完全新型的旋转式水下运载器的系统结构，简要介绍了系统的工作原理，设计了模糊控制器。

2.The simulation and forecast of the experimentation on the lustration complex additives of gasoline engine oil was discussed.

探讨了汽车内燃机油清净剂复配实验的模拟与预测。

3.The property and characteristics of several kinds of pressurization equipment in the pressurization and lustration procedure of acetylene were compared.

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。

4.Finally, a numerical example is given for il-lustration.

最后给出了一座两层钢筋砼框架的算例。

5.This paper introduces a new type of spinning underwater vehicle with detailed il-lustration of its system structure and working principles and offers the design of a fuzzy con-troller.

提出了一种完全新型的旋转式水下运载器的系统结构，简要介绍了系统的工作原理，设计了模糊控制器。

6.L-38 bearing shell corrosion test and 1g2 high temperature lustration engine stand test are carried out.

并进行L—38轴瓦腐蚀性和1g 2高温清净性发动机台架试验。

7.After the revolution, many countries adopted lustration measures to cleanse their political systems.

革命后，许多国家采取了清洗措施来净化其政治体系。

8.The lustration law was enacted to prevent individuals who collaborated with the secret police from holding public office.

该清洗法案的颁布旨在防止与秘密警察合作的个人担任公职。

9.The government initiated a process of lustration to ensure that former officials with ties to the oppressive regime were removed from power.

政府启动了一个清洗过程，以确保与压迫政权有联系的前官员被清除出权力。

10.The lustration process involved thorough background checks for all candidates running for office.

该清洗过程涉及对所有参选候选人进行彻底的背景调查。

11.In some countries, lustration has been a controversial topic, often debated in the context of justice and reconciliation.

在一些国家，清洗一直是一个有争议的话题，常常在正义与和解的背景下进行辩论。

作文

In the context of political transitions and societal reforms, the term lustration refers to a process aimed at purging or cleansing public institutions of individuals who have been associated with oppressive regimes or corrupt practices. This practice is particularly significant in post-communist countries, where governments have sought to distance themselves from the legacies of authoritarian rule. The concept of lustration is rooted in the desire for transparency, accountability, and the establishment of a moral foundation for new governance structures. The historical backdrop of lustration can be traced back to the aftermath of World War II, when several European nations implemented similar measures to deal with collaborators of Nazi regimes. However, it gained prominence in the early 1990s, particularly in Eastern Europe, as countries transitioned from totalitarianism to democracy. In these contexts, lustration often involved legal frameworks that outlined the criteria for disqualifying individuals from holding public office based on their past affiliations or actions. One of the most notable examples of lustration occurred in the Czech Republic, where a law was enacted in 1991 to prevent former members of the Communist Party from occupying certain positions in government and public service. This move was seen as essential for building trust in the new democratic institutions and ensuring that those who had contributed to the oppression of citizens were not allowed to influence the future of the nation. Critics of lustration argue that it can lead to divisions within society and hinder reconciliation efforts. They contend that while it is important to address past injustices, a blanket approach to purging individuals may overlook the complexities of personal involvement in oppressive systems. Many individuals may have acted out of necessity or fear, and thus, blanket bans could unjustly punish those who were not fully complicit in wrongdoing. Moreover, the implementation of lustration can be politicized, as different parties may use it to target opponents rather than genuinely seek justice or reform. This potential for misuse raises questions about the balance between accountability and the need for national unity. It is crucial for any lustration process to be transparent, fair, and consistent to maintain public trust and avoid further polarization. Despite the controversies surrounding lustration, many argue that it serves a vital purpose in the broader context of transitional justice. By addressing the legacies of past regimes, societies can begin to heal and establish a more just and equitable future. The goal of lustration is not merely to punish but to create an environment where accountability is prioritized, and citizens can engage with their governments without fear of oppression. In conclusion, lustration represents a complex but necessary process in the pursuit of justice and accountability following periods of authoritarian rule. While it poses challenges and risks of politicization, its potential to foster transparency and rebuild trust in public institutions cannot be overlooked. As societies continue to grapple with the remnants of their past, lustration offers a pathway toward reconciliation and the establishment of a democratic ethos grounded in the values of integrity and respect for human rights.

在政治转型和社会改革的背景下，术语lustration指的是一种旨在清除或净化公共机构中与压迫政权或腐败行为有关的个人的过程。这种做法在后共产主义国家尤为重要，因为政府试图与威权统治的遗产保持距离。lustration的概念根植于对透明度、问责制的渴望，以及为新的治理结构建立道德基础的愿望。lustration的历史背景可以追溯到第二次世界大战后的时期，当时一些欧洲国家实施了类似的措施来处理纳粹政权的合作者。然而，它在1990年代初期获得了突出地位，特别是在东欧国家，因为这些国家从极权主义转向民主。在这些背景下，lustration通常涉及法律框架，规定了根据个人过去的隶属关系或行为将其排除在公职之外的标准。捷克共和国的一个显著例子是，在1991年通过了一项法律，禁止前共产党成员担任政府和公共服务中的某些职位。这一举措被视为建立对新民主制度信任的关键，并确保那些曾对公民进行压迫的人不会影响国家的未来。lustration的批评者认为，这可能导致社会分裂，并妨碍和解努力。他们认为，虽然解决过去的不公是重要的，但一刀切的清除措施可能忽视个人在压迫系统中的复杂性。许多人可能出于必要或恐惧而行动，因此，普遍禁令可能不公正地惩罚那些并未完全参与 wrongdoing 的人。此外，lustration的实施可能被政治化，因为不同的政党可能利用它来针对对手，而不是出于真正的追求正义或改革。这种误用的潜力引发了关于问责制与国家团结之间平衡的问题。任何lustration过程都必须透明、公正和一致，以维护公众信任，避免进一步的两极化。尽管围绕lustration存在争议，但许多人认为它在过渡正义的更广泛背景中发挥着至关重要的作用。通过解决过去政权的遗留问题，社会可以开始愈合，并建立一个更加公正和平等的未来。lustration的目标不仅仅是惩罚，而是创造一个优先考虑问责制的环境，让公民能够在没有压迫恐惧的情况下与他们的政府互动。总之，lustration代表了在经历威权统治后的追求正义和问责制过程中复杂但必要的过程。虽然它面临挑战和政治化的风险，但它促进透明度和重建公共机构信任的潜力不容忽视。随着社会继续努力应对过去的遗留问题，lustration提供了一条通往和解和建立以诚信和尊重人权为基础的民主精神的道路。