periplasm

简明释义

英[ˈperɪˌplæzəm]美[ˈperəˌplæzəm]

n. [生物] 周质，[细胞] 外周胞质；[细胞] 卵周质

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The manganese protein is then transported to the periplasm having first trapped its manganese.

而后锰蛋白转移到细胞外周质，开始对锰原子进行捕获。

2.To actively transport many of its proteins to extracytoplasmic compartments such as the periplasm and outer membrane, E.

大肠杆菌周质和外膜蛋白发挥功能必须首先到达其特定亚细胞分区。

3.To actively transport many of its proteins to extracytoplasmic compartments such as the periplasm and outer membrane, E.

大肠杆菌周质和外膜蛋白发挥功能必须首先到达其特定亚细胞分区。

4.Furthermore, the protein isolated in the periplasm can be purified by nickel ion affinity chromatography.

而且从周质空间分离的蛋白经过镍住得到了进一步的纯化。

5.The study focused on the role of the periplasm in antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

该研究集中于周质在抗生素耐药机制中的作用。

6.In Gram-negative bacteria, the periplasm acts as a buffer zone between the inner and outer membranes.

在革兰氏阴性细菌中，周质充当内膜和外膜之间的缓冲区。

7.The bacteria utilize the nutrients present in the periplasm to support their growth.

细菌利用存在于周质中的营养物质来支持它们的生长。

8.During the experiment, we observed that the periplasm contained various proteins involved in transport.

在实验中，我们观察到周质中含有多种参与运输的蛋白质。

9.The enzymes located in the periplasm are crucial for breaking down complex substrates.

位于周质中的酶对于分解复杂底物至关重要。

作文

The fascinating world of cellular biology is filled with intricate structures and functions that sustain life. One such component that plays a crucial role in the physiology of bacteria is the periplasm. The periplasm is the space between the inner and outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, serving as a unique compartment that houses various enzymes, proteins, and metabolites essential for bacterial survival and function. Understanding the role of the periplasm can provide insights into how bacteria interact with their environment, respond to stress, and develop resistance to antibiotics.In Gram-negative bacteria, the cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer sandwiched between the inner membrane and the outer membrane. This region, known as the periplasm, contains a gel-like matrix that allows for the diffusion of molecules and serves as a site for biochemical reactions. Within the periplasm, bacteria can store nutrients and waste products, as well as synthesize important components required for cell wall maintenance. Furthermore, the periplasm is rich in enzymes that facilitate the breakdown of larger molecules, enabling the bacteria to utilize diverse sources of energy and nutrients.One of the most interesting aspects of the periplasm is its role in antibiotic resistance. Many antibiotics target the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, and the periplasm acts as a barrier that can slow down the penetration of these drugs. Some bacteria have evolved mechanisms to enhance the protective functions of the periplasm, such as producing efflux pumps that actively transport antibiotics out of the cell. This ability to adapt and survive in the presence of antibiotics is a significant challenge in treating bacterial infections.Additionally, the periplasm is involved in the transport of proteins and other molecules. Proteins destined for the periplasm are often synthesized in the cytoplasm and then translocated across the inner membrane. Once in the periplasm, they can undergo folding and modifications before being transported to their final destination, such as the outer membrane or the extracellular environment. This process is vital for maintaining the functionality of bacterial cells and ensuring that they can effectively carry out their biological roles.Research into the periplasm has also highlighted its potential as a target for novel antibacterial therapies. By understanding the specific functions and properties of the periplasm, scientists can devise strategies to disrupt its protective mechanisms, making bacteria more susceptible to existing antibiotics. This approach could lead to the development of new treatments that are more effective against resistant strains of bacteria.In conclusion, the periplasm is an essential component of Gram-negative bacteria that plays a multifaceted role in their survival, adaptation, and interaction with antibiotics. As research continues to uncover the complexities of this cellular space, it holds promise for advancing our understanding of bacterial biology and developing innovative approaches to combat bacterial infections. The study of the periplasm not only enriches our knowledge of microbiology but also paves the way for future medical breakthroughs that can address the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.

细胞生物学的迷人世界充满了复杂的结构和功能，这些结构和功能维持着生命。其中一个在细菌生理中发挥关键作用的成分是周质。周质是革兰氏阴性细菌内膜和外膜之间的空间，作为一个独特的隔室，容纳着各种酶、蛋白质和代谢物，这些物质对细菌的生存和功能至关重要。理解周质的作用可以提供对细菌如何与环境相互作用、应对压力以及发展抗生素耐药性的深入见解。在革兰氏阴性细菌中，细胞壁由一层薄薄的肽聚糖层夹在内膜和外膜之间。这个区域被称为周质，它包含一个胶状基质，允许分子的扩散，并作为生化反应的场所。在周质中，细菌可以储存养分和废物，以及合成细胞壁维护所需的重要成分。此外，周质中富含酶，促进较大分子的分解，使细菌能够利用多种能量和养分来源。周质最有趣的方面之一是它在抗生素耐药性中的作用。许多抗生素靶向细菌细胞壁的合成，而周质作为屏障，可以减缓这些药物的渗透。一些细菌已经进化出增强周质保护功能的机制，例如产生主动排出泵，将抗生素主动运输出细胞。这种在抗生素存在下适应和生存的能力是治疗细菌感染的重大挑战。此外，周质还参与蛋白质和其他分子的运输。目标为周质的蛋白质通常在细胞质中合成，然后跨越内膜转移。一旦进入周质，它们可以在被运输到最终目的地（例如外膜或细胞外环境）之前进行折叠和修饰。这个过程对维持细菌细胞的功能性至关重要，确保它们能够有效地执行其生物学角色。对周质的研究也突出了其作为新型抗菌疗法靶点的潜力。通过了解周质的特定功能和特性，科学家可以设计策略来破坏其保护机制，使细菌对现有抗生素更易感。这种方法可能导致开发出对耐药菌株更有效的新治疗方案。总之，周质是革兰氏阴性细菌的一个重要组成部分，在它们的生存、适应和与抗生素的相互作用中发挥多方面的作用。随着研究继续揭示这一细胞空间的复杂性，它为我们加深对细菌生物学的理解和开发创新的方法以应对细菌感染的威胁提供了希望。对周质的研究不仅丰富了我们对微生物学的知识，还为未来的医疗突破铺平了道路，以应对日益严重的抗生素耐药性威胁。