heterozygosis

简明释义

英[ˌhetərəʊzaɪˈɡəʊsɪs]美[ˌhetərozaɪˈɡosɪs]

n. 杂合现象；异型结合；异型接合性

英英释义

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例句

1.The detection of susceptible and resistant strain and their backcrossing heterozygosis with PCR in laboratory validate above presumption.

室内用抗性和敏感亲本及正交杂合子检测的结果验证了上述推测。

2.The detection of susceptible and resistant strain and their backcrossing heterozygosis with PCR in laboratory validate above presumption.

室内用抗性和敏感亲本及正交杂合子检测的结果验证了上述推测。

3.Certain diseases are more likely to occur in individuals with low heterozygosis levels.

某些疾病在低杂合状态水平的个体中更可能发生。

4.The study of heterozygosis is crucial for understanding genetic diversity within populations.

研究杂合状态 对于理解种群内的遗传多样性至关重要。

5.Plant breeders often aim for heterozygosis to enhance crop resilience.

植物育种者通常追求杂合状态以增强作物的抗逆性。

6.In genetics, heterozygosis refers to the presence of two different alleles at a gene locus.

在遗传学中，杂合状态 指的是基因位点上存在两个不同的等位基因。

7.A high level of heterozygosis can indicate a healthy gene pool.

高水平的杂合状态可能表明健康的基因库。

作文

In the field of genetics, the term heterozygosis refers to the condition of having two different alleles for a particular gene. This genetic variation plays a crucial role in the diversity and adaptability of organisms. When an individual inherits one allele from each parent that are different, they are said to be heterozygous for that gene. For instance, in humans, the gene responsible for eye color can have multiple alleles, such as those for brown or blue eyes. If an individual inherits a brown allele from one parent and a blue allele from the other, they exhibit heterozygosis for the eye color gene.The significance of heterozygosis extends beyond mere genetic variation. It is a key factor in evolutionary biology, as it contributes to the genetic diversity of populations. This diversity is essential for the survival of species, especially in changing environments where adaptability is crucial. Organisms with heterozygosis may have a better chance of surviving diseases, environmental changes, and other challenges compared to their homozygous counterparts, who carry two identical alleles.Moreover, heterozygosis is also important in the context of genetic disorders. Many genetic diseases are inherited in a recessive manner, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the defective allele to express the disease. Individuals who are heterozygous may carry one normal allele and one defective allele but do not show symptoms of the disease themselves. This phenomenon is known as being a carrier. For example, individuals who are carriers of cystic fibrosis possess one normal allele and one mutated allele of the CFTR gene. They do not exhibit symptoms of the disease but can pass the mutated allele to their offspring, potentially resulting in affected children if both parents are carriers.In agriculture and animal breeding, heterozygosis is often sought after to enhance desirable traits. Farmers and breeders intentionally cross individuals with different genetic backgrounds to produce offspring that are heterozygous for specific traits, such as disease resistance or increased yield. This practice, known as hybridization, takes advantage of the benefits of heterozygosis, leading to what is often referred to as hybrid vigor or heterosis. Hybrid offspring tend to outperform their parents in growth, fertility, and overall health, making heterozygosis a valuable tool in improving agricultural productivity.However, it is essential to consider that too much heterozygosis can also lead to complications. In certain situations, excessive genetic mixing can result in outbreeding depression, where the offspring may lose beneficial traits that were well-adapted to specific environments. Thus, maintaining a balance between heterozygosis and genetic stability is vital for the health of populations.In conclusion, heterozygosis is a fundamental concept in genetics that encompasses the presence of different alleles at a gene locus. Its implications are vast, influencing not only the survival and adaptability of species but also the management of genetic diseases and agricultural practices. Understanding heterozygosis is essential for anyone studying genetics, evolution, or related fields, as it provides insights into the mechanisms that drive biological diversity and resilience in the face of environmental challenges.

在遗传学领域，术语heterozygosis指的是对于特定基因具有两个不同等位基因的状态。这种遗传变异在生物体的多样性和适应性中起着至关重要的作用。当个体从每个父母那里继承一个不同的等位基因时，他们被称为该基因的杂合子。例如，在人类中，负责眼睛颜色的基因可以有多种等位基因，例如棕色或蓝色。如果一个个体从一个父母那里继承了棕色等位基因，而从另一个父母那里继承了蓝色等位基因，那么他们就表现出该眼睛颜色基因的heterozygosis。heterozygosis的重要性超越了单纯的遗传变异。它是进化生物学中的一个关键因素，因为它有助于种群的遗传多样性。这种多样性对于物种的生存至关重要，尤其是在适应性至关重要的变化环境中。具有heterozygosis的生物可能比其纯合子同类更有机会生存于疾病、环境变化和其他挑战中。此外，heterozygosis在遗传疾病的背景下也很重要。许多遗传疾病以隐性方式遗传，这意味着个体必须继承两个缺陷等位基因才能表现出该疾病。杂合个体可能携带一个正常等位基因和一个缺陷等位基因，但自身并不显示该疾病的症状，这种现象称为携带者。例如，囊性纤维化的携带者拥有CFTR基因的一个正常等位基因和一个突变等位基因。他们不表现出疾病的症状，但可以将突变等位基因传递给后代，如果双方父母都是携带者，可能导致受影响的孩子。在农业和动物育种中，heterozygosis通常被追求以增强理想特征。农民和育种者故意交配具有不同遗传背景的个体，以产生在特定特征上是杂合的后代，例如抗病性或提高产量。这种实践被称为杂交，利用了heterozygosis的优势，导致通常被称为杂交优势或杂合优势的现象。杂交后代在生长、繁殖和整体健康方面往往优于其父母，使得heterozygosis成为提高农业生产力的宝贵工具。然而，必须考虑到过多的heterozygosis也可能导致并发症。在某些情况下，过度的遗传混合可能导致外部繁殖抑制，即后代可能失去适应特定环境的有益特征。因此，在保持heterozygosis和遗传稳定性之间保持平衡对种群的健康至关重要。总之，heterozygosis是遗传学中的一个基本概念，涵盖了基因位点上不同等位基因的存在。它的影响广泛，不仅影响物种的生存和适应能力，还影响遗传疾病的管理和农业实践。理解heterozygosis对于任何研究遗传学、进化或相关领域的人来说都是必不可少的，因为它提供了驱动生物多样性和在环境挑战面前保持韧性的机制的见解。