mercantilist

简明释义

英[mɜːˈkæntɪlɪst]美[mɜːrˈkæntɪlɪst]

n. 重商主义者

adj. 重商主义的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Furthermore, the quantitative magnitude of the precautionary variables is obviously larger than the quantitative magnitude of the combination of mercantilist variables.

此外，预警变量的定量级别明显高于商业变量的组合定量级别。

2.China has again been preventing the renminbi from strengthening and the jury is still out on whether the country intends to depart from its mercantilist growth strategy.

中国正在再次阻止人民币升值，至于它是否打算放弃重商主义的增长战略，目前尚未可知。

3.This perceived mercantilist approach to energy is in turn leading New Delhi to use its own state-owned NOCs to secure India exclusive access to foreign energy supplies.

这种所谓的重商主义的能源获取方式也使印度的能源策略发生了转变，新德里也开始用其国有石油公司来获得国外的能源供应，使其成为印度专用。

4.By scaring off CNOOC, a state-owned Chinese oil firm that wanted to buy America's Unocal last year, America foolishly strengthened this mercantilist instinct.

美国通过赶走中国海洋石油公司，一家去年意图购买美国尤尼科石油公司的中国国有石油公司，愚蠢地加强了它商人的本能。

5.On contrast, variables associated with mercantilist motives often lost their statistical significant in the tests.

与此相反，测试中伴随商业动机的变量通常失去了统计学意义。

6.What initially has appeared to be a strategically sophisticated neo-mercantilist policy may well prove to be very short-sighted in the longer run.

当初看起来是深谋远略的新重商政策长远看来不过是目光短浅之举。

7.The mercantilist 重商主义者 approach often led to colonial expansion.

这种重商主义者 重商主义者的方法常常导致殖民扩张。

8.Many mercantilist 重商主义者 believed that a nation's wealth was measured by its stock of gold and silver.

许多重商主义者 重商主义者认为，一个国家的财富是通过其黄金和白银的储备来衡量的。

9.Critics of mercantilist 重商主义者 policies argue that they stifle free trade.

对重商主义者 重商主义者政策的批评者认为，这些政策抑制了自由贸易。

10.The mercantilist 重商主义者 model emphasizes government regulation of the economy.

这种重商主义者 重商主义者模型强调政府对经济的监管。

11.The economic policies of the 17th century were heavily influenced by mercantilist 重商主义者 theories.

17世纪的经济政策受到重商主义者 重商主义者理论的重大影响。

作文

The concept of economic policy has evolved significantly over the centuries, but one of the earliest and most influential theories was that of the mercantilist system. This theory emerged in Europe during the 16th to 18th centuries and was characterized by the belief that a nation's strength was directly related to its wealth, particularly in gold and silver. The mercantilist approach emphasized the importance of a favorable balance of trade, where exports exceeded imports, thereby increasing national wealth. Governments at the time implemented various policies to promote exports and limit imports, often through tariffs and subsidies.During the mercantilist era, countries sought to accumulate precious metals as a measure of their economic success. This led to colonial expansion, as nations established colonies to extract resources and create new markets for their goods. The mercantilist philosophy justified these actions, arguing that colonies existed primarily for the benefit of the mother country. This exploitation of resources and labor had profound implications, including the establishment of trade monopolies and the subjugation of indigenous populations.Critics of the mercantilist system pointed out its inherent limitations. They argued that it created an artificial economy that stifled competition and innovation. The focus on accumulating wealth through trade restrictions often led to inefficiencies and corruption. Furthermore, the mercantilist emphasis on state intervention in the economy clashed with the emerging ideas of free market economics, which advocated for minimal government interference.As the industrial revolution began to take hold in the late 18th century, the mercantilist system started to decline. Economists like Adam Smith challenged the principles of mercantilism, proposing that free trade and open markets would lead to greater prosperity for all. Smith's ideas laid the foundation for classical economics, which shifted the focus from national wealth to individual wealth and the benefits of competition.Despite its decline, the legacy of mercantilist thought can still be seen in modern economic policies. Many governments today still prioritize trade surpluses and may implement protectionist measures to shield domestic industries from foreign competition. Additionally, the historical context of mercantilism highlights the ongoing debate about the role of government in the economy—a discussion that remains relevant in contemporary political discourse.In conclusion, the mercantilist system played a crucial role in shaping early modern economic thought and practice. While its principles have largely been superseded by more liberal economic theories, understanding mercantilism provides valuable insights into the development of international trade and economic policy. The struggle between state control and free market principles continues to influence economic discussions today, reminding us of the complex interplay between government and the economy throughout history.

经济政策的概念在几个世纪中经历了显著的演变，但最早和最有影响力的理论之一是重商主义体系。这个理论在16世纪到18世纪的欧洲出现，特点是认为一个国家的实力与其财富直接相关，特别是黄金和白银。重商主义方法强调贸易顺差的重要性，即出口超过进口，从而增加国家财富。那时，各国政府实施各种政策以促进出口并限制进口，通常通过关税和补贴。在重商主义时代，各国寻求积累贵金属作为经济成功的衡量标准。这导致了殖民扩张，因为国家建立殖民地以提取资源并为其商品创造新市场。重商主义哲学为这些行为辩护，认为殖民地存在的主要目的是为了母国的利益。这种对资源和劳动力的剥削产生了深远的影响，包括建立贸易垄断和压迫土著人口。对重商主义体系的批评者指出其固有的局限性。他们认为这创造了一个人为的经济，扼杀了竞争和创新。对通过贸易限制来积累财富的关注常常导致低效率和腐败。此外，重商主义对国家干预经济的强调与新兴的自由市场经济思想相冲突，后者倡导最小化政府干预。随着18世纪末工业革命的开始，重商主义体系开始衰退。亚当·斯密等经济学家挑战了重商主义的原则，提出自由贸易和开放市场将为所有人带来更大的繁荣。斯密的思想为古典经济学奠定了基础，转移了焦点从国家财富到个人财富以及竞争的好处。尽管其影响力下降，重商主义思想的遗产在现代经济政策中仍然可见。许多国家今天仍优先考虑贸易顺差，并可能实施保护主义措施以保护国内产业免受外国竞争。此外，重商主义的历史背景突显了有关政府在经济中作用的持续辩论——这一讨论在当代政治话语中依然相关。总之，重商主义体系在塑造早期现代经济思想和实践方面发挥了关键作用。尽管其原则在很大程度上被更自由的经济理论所取代，但理解重商主义为我们提供了关于国际贸易和经济政策发展的宝贵见解。国家控制与自由市场原则之间的斗争继续影响着今天的经济讨论，提醒我们历史上政府与经济之间复杂的相互作用。