supererogation

简明释义

英[ˌsuːpərerəˈgeɪʃ(ə)n;ˌsjuː-]美[ˌsʊpərˌerəˈɡeʃən]

n. 额外工作，份外工作

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Therefore, there is important theoretical and practical significance that research on Industrial structure supererogation in Xi 'an.

因此，对西安市产业结构高度化进行研究具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。

2.Therefore, there is important theoretical and practical significance that research on Industrial structure supererogation in Xi 'an.

因此，对西安市产业结构高度化进行研究具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。

3.In ethics, supererogation refers to actions that are commendable but not required.

在伦理学中，超出义务的行为指的是值得赞扬但不被要求的行为。

4.Her willingness to help her neighbors with their groceries was a clear act of supererogation.

她愿意帮助邻居提购物袋显然是一种超出义务的行为。

5.Volunteering at the local shelter is an act of supererogation, as it goes beyond what is required of a citizen.

在当地收容所做志愿者是一种超出义务的行为，因为这超出了公民的要求。

6.Many see donating to charity as a form of supererogation, helping those in need without any obligation.

许多人认为捐款给慈善机构是一种超出义务的行为，是在没有任何义务的情况下帮助那些需要帮助的人。

7.The professor's decision to mentor students outside of class hours is an example of supererogation.

教授在课外时间指导学生的决定是超出义务的行为的一个例子。

作文

In contemporary ethical discussions, the concept of supererogation has gained significant attention. This term refers to actions that go beyond the call of duty or moral obligation. Unlike obligatory actions, which one must perform to be considered moral, supererogation encompasses acts that are commendable but not required. For instance, volunteering at a homeless shelter or donating a substantial amount of money to charity can be seen as acts of supererogation. These actions reflect a person's altruistic nature and willingness to contribute positively to society without any expectation of reward or recognition.The idea of supererogation challenges traditional views of morality, which often focus on duties and obligations. In many philosophical frameworks, particularly in deontological ethics, moral actions are primarily defined by adherence to rules or duties. However, supererogation introduces a more nuanced understanding of moral behavior, recognizing that individuals can act in ways that exceed basic ethical requirements. This distinction is essential in discussions about moral philosophy, as it allows for a broader interpretation of what it means to lead a good life.Moreover, supererogation raises questions about the role of intention and motivation in moral actions. When someone performs an act of supererogation, it is often driven by a genuine desire to help others or improve the community. This intrinsic motivation sets these actions apart from those performed out of obligation or fear of punishment. For example, a person might donate to charity not because they feel compelled to do so, but because they genuinely care about the cause and want to make a difference. This aspect of supererogation highlights the importance of personal values and ethical beliefs in shaping our actions.Furthermore, the implications of supererogation extend beyond individual actions to societal expectations. In many cultures, there is a growing emphasis on the importance of civic engagement and social responsibility. Acts of supererogation are often celebrated and encouraged, as they contribute to the overall well-being of the community. However, this also raises concerns about the potential pressure placed on individuals to engage in such actions. While supererogation should be voluntary and stem from personal conviction, societal norms may create an environment where individuals feel obligated to perform these commendable acts, blurring the line between duty and altruism.In conclusion, the concept of supererogation enriches our understanding of moral actions by highlighting the significance of going above and beyond what is expected. It encourages individuals to engage in altruistic behavior that fosters community well-being while also prompting critical discussions about the nature of moral obligations. As we navigate the complexities of ethical decision-making, recognizing and appreciating acts of supererogation can inspire us to cultivate a more compassionate and supportive society. Ultimately, embracing the spirit of supererogation can lead to a deeper understanding of our moral responsibilities and the positive impact we can have on the world around us.

在当代伦理讨论中，概念超越义务行为（supererogation）受到了显著关注。这个术语指的是超出职责或道德义务的行为。与必须执行的义务行为不同，超越义务行为包含了那些值得称赞但并非必需的行为。例如，在无家可归者收容所做志愿者或捐赠大量钱款给慈善机构可以视为超越义务行为。这些行为反映了一个人的利他主义本性和在没有任何回报或认可期望的情况下积极贡献于社会的意愿。超越义务行为的概念挑战了传统的道德观念，这些观念往往侧重于职责和义务。在许多哲学框架中，特别是义务论伦理学中，道德行为主要通过遵循规则或义务来定义。然而，超越义务行为引入了对道德行为更细致的理解，承认个人可以采取超出基本伦理要求的方式。这一区别在道德哲学讨论中至关重要，因为它允许对过上好生活的意义进行更广泛的解释。此外，超越义务行为还引发了关于意图和动机在道德行为中作用的问题。当某人执行超越义务行为时，通常是出于真正想要帮助他人或改善社区的愿望。这一内在动机使这些行为与出于义务或惩罚恐惧而执行的行为区别开来。例如，一个人可能会向慈善机构捐款，并不是因为他们感到被迫，而是因为他们真心关心这个事业并希望有所作为。这一超越义务行为的方面强调了个人价值观和伦理信念在塑造我们行为中的重要性。此外，超越义务行为的影响超越了个人行为，延伸到社会期望。在许多文化中，越来越强调公民参与和社会责任的重要性。超越义务行为往往受到赞美和鼓励，因为它们有助于社区的整体福祉。然而，这也引发了关于施加在个人身上的潜在压力的担忧，以参与这些值得称赞的行为。虽然超越义务行为应该是自愿的，并源于个人信念，但社会规范可能会创造一种环境，使个人感到有义务执行这些值得称赞的行为，从而模糊了义务与利他主义之间的界限。总之，超越义务行为的概念通过强调超出预期的行为的重要性，丰富了我们对道德行为的理解。它鼓励个人参与促进社区福祉的利他主义行为，同时也促使对道德义务性质的批判性讨论。当我们在伦理决策的复杂性中航行时，认识和欣赏超越义务行为可以激励我们培养一个更加富有同情心和支持性的社会。最终，拥抱超越义务行为的精神可以导致我们对道德责任及其对周围世界的积极影响有更深刻的理解。