centrosome

简明释义

英[ˈsentrəˌsəʊm]美[ˈsentrəˌsoʊm]

n. （细胞的）[细胞] 中心体

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.Malfunctions in centrosome cohesion and separation, in fact, have been seen in many solid tumors.

事实上，在很多实体瘤中都发现过中心体连接和分离的机能失常。

2.With development of the research, the complicated function of centrosome and its im-portance have gradually been realized.

随着研究的进展，人们不断认识到中心体的复杂功能及其重要性。

3.More and more importance is attached to the correlation between centrosome abnormity and tumorigenesis, it refers to multiple genes abnormity, mainly separated into oncogene and tumor suppressor gene.

中心体异常与肿瘤发生的相关性已越来越受到人们的重视。

4.The coordination of the centrosome cycle and cell cycle ensures an accurate distribution of genetic material.

中心体周期和细胞周期相互配合以保证遗传物质的精确分配。

5.IntroductionThe centrosome is the major microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of mammalian cells.

中心体是哺乳类细胞主要的微管组织中心。

6.They form a connection between the starting point in the chromosomes, the kinetochore, and the centrosome.

他们将染色体、着丝粒和中心体的起点连接起来。

7.Aurora a is involved in centrosome separation, maturation, and spindle assembly and stability.

Auroraa涉及到中心体分离，成熟和纺锤体聚集以及稳定。

8.The centrosome, the major microtubule organizing center regulates cell division through forming bipolar mitotic spindles and plays an essential role in the maintenance of chromosomal stability.

中心体作为细胞的主要微管组织中心，在细胞周期过程中建立两极纺锤体，调节细胞有丝分裂，从而对维持染色体的稳定起着重要的作用。

9.The centrosome is composed of two centrioles arranged at right angles.

中心体由两个以直角排列的中心粒组成。

10.Defects in the centrosome can lead to various diseases, including cancer.

中心体的缺陷可能导致包括癌症在内的多种疾病。

11.Researchers are studying how the centrosome influences cell shape and movement.

研究人员正在研究中心体如何影响细胞形状和运动。

12.The centrosome plays a crucial role in cell division by organizing microtubules.

在细胞分裂中，中心体通过组织微管发挥着至关重要的作用。

13.During mitosis, the centrosome duplicates to ensure proper chromosome segregation.

在有丝分裂期间，中心体会复制以确保染色体的正确分离。

作文

The centrosome is a crucial organelle found in eukaryotic cells, playing a significant role in cell division and organization. It is often referred to as the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) because it helps in the formation of microtubules, which are essential for maintaining the cell's shape and structure. The centrosome consists of two centrioles, which are cylindrical structures made up of microtubules arranged in a specific pattern. These centrioles are perpendicular to each other and are surrounded by a dense protein matrix known as the pericentriolar material.During cell division, specifically mitosis, the centrosome plays a vital role in ensuring that the chromosomes are evenly distributed to the daughter cells. As the cell prepares to divide, the centrosome duplicates itself, resulting in two centrosomes that move to opposite poles of the cell. This movement is critical as it helps to form the mitotic spindle, a structure composed of microtubules that pulls the chromosomes apart during anaphase.The importance of the centrosome extends beyond just cell division; it also influences various cellular processes such as intracellular transport, signaling pathways, and the overall architecture of the cytoskeleton. In neurons, for example, the centrosome is involved in the organization of microtubules that are necessary for the transport of neurotransmitters and other essential materials along the axon.Interestingly, abnormalities in the function or number of centrosomes can lead to severe consequences for the cell. For instance, an abnormal number of centrosomes can result in aneuploidy, a condition where cells have an incorrect number of chromosomes, which is often associated with cancer. Research has shown that many cancer cells exhibit centrosome amplification, leading to erratic cell division and tumor progression.In conclusion, the centrosome is a fundamental component of eukaryotic cells, integral to the processes of cell division and cellular organization. Understanding its structure and function can provide valuable insights into not only normal cellular physiology but also the mechanisms underlying various diseases, particularly cancer. As research continues to unravel the complexities of the centrosome, it may pave the way for new therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting its role in disease progression. Therefore, studying the centrosome is essential for advancing our knowledge in cell biology and medicine.

中心体是存在于真核细胞中的一个关键细胞器，在细胞分裂和组织中发挥着重要作用。它常被称为微管组织中心（MTOC），因为它有助于形成微管，而微管对于维持细胞的形状和结构至关重要。中心体由两个中心粒组成，中心粒是由特定模式排列的微管构成的圆柱形结构。这些中心粒彼此垂直，并被称为周边中心体物质的致密蛋白基质所包围。在细胞分裂，特别是有丝分裂期间，中心体在确保染色体均匀分配到子细胞中扮演着至关重要的角色。当细胞准备分裂时，中心体会自我复制，从而形成两个中心体，这两个中心体移动到细胞的相对极点。这种运动至关重要，因为它有助于形成有丝分裂纺锤体，这是一种由微管组成的结构，在后期将染色体拉开。中心体的重要性不仅限于细胞分裂；它还影响各种细胞过程，如细胞内运输、信号通路以及细胞骨架的整体结构。例如，在神经元中，中心体参与微管的组织，这些微管对于沿轴突运输神经递质和其他重要材料是必要的。有趣的是，中心体功能或数量的异常可能导致细胞严重后果。例如，中心体数量异常可能导致非整倍体，即细胞具有不正确的染色体数量，这通常与癌症相关。研究表明，许多癌细胞表现出中心体增生，导致细胞分裂不规律和肿瘤进展。总之，中心体是真核细胞的基本组成部分，对于细胞分裂和细胞组织过程至关重要。理解其结构和功能可以提供宝贵的见解，不仅有助于正常细胞生理学，还能揭示各种疾病的机制，尤其是癌症。随着研究不断揭示中心体的复杂性，它可能为针对其在疾病进展中作用的新治疗策略铺平道路。因此，研究中心体对于推进我们在细胞生物学和医学方面的知识至关重要。